2019广东广州中考英语（word有解析）.pdf

1、2019 年广州初中毕业生学业考试年广州初中毕业生学业考试 英语英语 一、语法选择一、语法选择(共共 15 小题；小题；每小题每小题 1 分，分，满分满分 15 分分) (2019广东广州)阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求， 从 1 15 各题所给的 A、 B、 C 和 D 项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 The first astronauts Since the earliest times, people have looked up at the stars, the moon and the planets. Today people use mode

2、rn machines 1 at the sky. This is very different from the situation 2 years ago when people could only use their eyes. Perhaps they dreamed of 3 the universe. When did humans first go into space? The story began not so very long ago, 4 the first astronauts were not people- they were animals. Scienti

3、sts wanted to make travelling to space as 5 as possible for humans. So they decided to experiment with animals and test 6 in spaceflights. Insects, mice, frogs, dogs and monkeys were some of the animals 7 first went into space. Many of them 8 , but they helped to make space travel safer for humans.

4、For their great service, we 9 forget these animals. Albert II was the first monkey to go into space in 1949. Sadly he died 10 his spaceship landed back on Earth. 11 the result was different for Ham the Monkey, His story ended happily when he returned to Earth 12 very good health. Scientists wanted t

5、o know the answer to the important question: could 13 animal like Ham do the same things in space as he could do on Earth? The answer came when Ham 14 into space in 1961. Yes, he did everything well and lived for 15 16 years. 1. A.look B.to look C.looking D.looked 2. A. thousand B. thousands C. thou

6、sand of D. thousands of 3. A. explore B. to explore C explored D. exploring 4. A. as B. or C. but D. so 5. A. safe B. safer C. safest D. the safest 6. A. they B. them C. their D. theirs 7. A. whom B. what C. that D. whose 8. A. die B. died C. have died D. will die 9. A. shouldnt B. may not C. dont h

7、ave to D. neednt 10. A. if B. because C. after D. since 11. A. Luck B. Lucky C. Luckier D. Luckily 12. A. at B. on C. in D. for 13. A. a B. an C. the D. / 14. A. sends B. sent C. is sent D. was sent 15. A. another B. other C. others D. the others 题材：记叙文 话题：22 发明与技术 词数：233 【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文中主要讲述了第一批进入

8、太空的宇航员不是人类，而是动物。科学家 们发现动物 Ham 在太空中能像在地球上一样做同样的事情，离开太空后，它又存活了 16 年。 【答案】1-5 BDDCA 6-10 BCBAC 11-15 DCBDA 【解析】 1. B 考查动词不定式。句意：现在人们使用现代的机器来观测太空。use . to do sth. 使用做某事，动 词不定式作目的状语，故选 B。 2. D 考查数词辨析。thousand 千，修饰名词时，若前面没有具体的数字，可用 thousands of.，数以千计的， 故选 D。 3. D 考查动名词形式。dream of 梦想，of 作介词，后面跟动词的动名词形式，故选

9、D。 4. C 考查连词辨析。as 因为；or 否则；but 但是；so 所以。前半句“（人来第一次进入太空）这个故事发 生在不久之前”和后半句“第一批进入宇航员不是人类他们是动物”语义上转折关系，but 符合语境，故 选 C。 5. A 考查形容词同级比较。as . as .和一样，表示同级比较，中间要用形容词或副词的原级，故 选 A。 6. B 考查代词辨析。they 他们，主格形式；them 他们，宾格形式；their 他们的，形容词性物主代词；theirs 他们的，名词性物主代词。分析句子结构可知，此处作动词 test 的宾语，指代前的 animals，要用代词的宾 格形式，故选 B。

10、 7. C 考查定语从句引导词辨析。分析句子结构可知，空处后为定语从句，先行词为 animals，关系词指代 物，在定语从句中作主语，可以用 which 或 that，故选 C。 8. B 考查动词的时态。句意：它们中的许多死了，但是它们帮助人们使太空旅行变得更安全。本句叙述过 去发生的事情，要用一般过去时，动词 die 的过去式为 die，故选 B。 9. A 考查情态动词辨析。shouldnt 不应该，may not 可能不；dont have to 不必；neednt 不必。根据上一 句“因为他们的巨大贡献”可知，此处表示“我们不应该忘记这些动物”，故选 A。 10. C 考查连词辨析。

11、句意为：令人伤心的是它在太空飞船降落到地球之后死了。if 如果；because 因为； after 在之后；since 自从。根据语境可知，此处引导时间状语从句，故排除 A、B 两项。since 常与完 成时连用，故排除 D 项，选 C。 11. D 考查 luck 的相似词形辨析。luck 运气，名词；lucky 幸运的，形容词；luckier 比较幸运的，lucky 的 比较级；luckily 幸运地，副词。分析句子结构可知，空处需填副词，在句中作状语，故选 D。 12. C 考查介词辨析。in good health 身体好，是固定短语，故选 C。 13. B 考查冠词辨析。animal

12、 是以辅音音素开头的可数名词，其前要用冠词，故排除 B、D 两项。此处表 示“像 Ham 一样的动物”，是特指，要用定冠词 the。 14. D 考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子机构可知，在 when 引导的时间状语从句中缺少谓语，根据时间状 语 in 1961 可知，要用一般过去时，故排除 A、C 两项。Ham 是被送到太空的，表示被动的动作，要用被 动语态，一般过去时的被动语态的构成是“was / were + 过去分词”，故选 D。 15. A 考查限定词辨析。another 又一，限定词；other 其他的，限定词；others（没有范围的）其他人或物， 代词；the others（某一

13、范围内的）其他全部。分析句子结构可知，此处修饰名词短语 16 years，故排除 C、 D 两项。根据上一句“它所有事情都做的很好”可知，此处表示“它又活了 16 年”，故选 A。 二、完形填空二、完形填空(共共 10 小题；小题；每小题每小题 1.5 分，分，满分满分 15 分分) (2019广东广州)阅读下面短文， 掌握其大意， 然后从 1625 各题所给的 A、 B、 C 和 D 项中选出最佳选项， 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 John suddenly jumped off the swing without even slowing down. He called out nervou

14、sly, “Mom, where s Charlie?“ He had just 16 he hadnt seen his new puppy for over an hour. John looked around the garden, behind the bushes, and under the picnic table, No dog! His mother heard the 17 in his voice as he called her a second time. “Mom, I can t find Charlie!“ She came outside 18 . “Let

15、s look around the garden first. Dont worry. Im sure hes close by.“ Both son and mother were 19 now, but still no Charlie. Their calls were not completely wasted, though. Joe, the next-door neighbor, and his two daughters Tania and Julie, immediately agreed to help them 20 the lost dog. But even with

16、 five people now searching the towns streets, they had no luck. Charlie was still 21 . Tania suggested they make posters with Charlies 22 . She had done this when her own cat was lost a year earlier, she told John, and the cat was found the next day. John agreed. When they got home, he made a poster

17、 with a photo of Charlie. Then John heard a 23 and opened his bedroom door. It was Charlie. John was greeted with a big wet kiss. Charlie had been 24 in the bedroom this whole time, sleeping. John had never been so 25 in his life! 16. A. decided B. forgotten C. understood D. realized 17. A. anger B.

18、 hope C. fear D. warning 18. A. actively B. quickly C. carelessly D. annoyingly 19. A. shouting B. talking C. fighting D. thinking 20. A. give up B. look for C. run after D. take care of 21. A. missing B. asleep C. taken D. quiet 22. A. address B. character C. name D. picture 23. A. message B. noise

19、 C. voice D. song 24. A. shut B. woken C. tied D. saved 25. A. afraid B. silly C. happy D. proud 题材：记叙文 话题：24 故事 寻找小狗 话题：7 情感 词数：226 【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文中讲述了 John 与家人和朋友四处慌忙寻找他的新宠物小狗，其实小狗 哪里也没去，它一直被锁在卧室里睡觉，小狗失而复得，Charlie 特别的高兴。 【答案】16-20 DCBAB 21-25 ADBAC 【解析】 16. D 考查动词辨析。decide 决定；forget 忘记；understand

20、 理解；realize 意识到。根据上一句 John 问妈妈 小狗 Charlie 在哪里可知，此处表示“他才意识到他一个多小时没有看见他的小狗了”，故选 D。 17. C 考查名词辨析。anger 生气；hope 希望；fear 害怕，担忧；warning 警告。根据下一段中的“Dont worry.”可知，John 到处都找不到 Charlie，很担心他走丢了，所以他妈妈从他的喊声中听出来了担忧，故 选 C。 18. B 考查副词辨析。actively 活跃地 ； quickly 迅速地 ； carelessly 粗心地 ； annoyingly 烦人地。妈妈听见 John 在着急地寻找

21、Charlie，很快就出来了，故选 B。 19. A 考查动词辨析。shout 呼喊；talk 谈话；fight 打架；think 考虑。根据上文中的“called out”可知，此处 儿子和妈妈应该是在“呼喊着”找 Charlie，故选 A。 20. B 考查动词短语辨析。give up 放弃；look for 寻找；run after 追赶；take care of 照顾。根据上文可知， John 和妈妈在寻找 Charlie，故此表示“隔壁的邻居马上同意帮助他们寻找丢失的小狗”，故选 B。 21. A 考查形容词辨析。missing 下落不明的；asleep 睡着的；taken 取走，t

22、ake 的过去分词；quiet 安静的。 根据上一句“即使五个人在镇上的街道上寻找，他们还是运气不佳”可知，此处表示“Charlie 还是没找到”， 故选 A。 22. D 考查名词辨析。address 地址；character 性格；name 名字；picture 图片。根据下文中的“a poster with a photo of Charlie”可知，此处指“有 Charlie 照片的告示”，故选 D。 23. B 考查名词辨析。message 信息；noise 声音；voice 嗓音；song 歌曲。根据下文中的“它是 Charlie”可知， 此处指 John 听到了 Charlie

23、发出的声音，故选 B。 24. A 考查动词辨析。shut 关闭；wake 唤醒；tie (用线、绳等) 系；save 救助。根据下文的 sleeping 可以排 除 B、D 两项。John 和妈妈在外面寻找 Charlie，其实是把 Charlie 锁在了卧室，而不是拴在了卧室，故选 A。 25. C 考查形容词辨析。afraid 害怕的；silly 愚蠢的；happy 开心的；proud 骄傲的。Charlie 失而复得，John 当时是非常开心，John 一生中从来没有这么开心过，故选 C。 三、阅读三、阅读 (共两节；共两节；满分满分 45 分分) 第一节第一节 阅读理解阅读理解(共共

24、 20 小题；小题；每小题每小题 2 分，分，满分满分 40 分分) 阅读下列短文，从 2645 各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 (A)(2019广东广州) An elephant and a crocodile were once standing beside a river. They were disputing which was the better animal. “Look at my strength,” said the elephant. “I can pull up a tree, roots and all, with my

25、 trunk.” “Ah! But your skin is not nearly so thick as mine,” replied the crocodile. “No knife or tooth can cut through it.” Just as they were coming to blows, a lion happened to pass. “My dear friends!” said the King of all animals, going up to them.” Let me know the cause of your disagreement.” “Wi

26、ll you kindly tell us which is the better animal?” cried both at once. “Certainly,” said the lion, pointing across the river. “Do you see the soldiers metal hat on that wall?” “Yes!” replied the beasts. “Well, then,” continued the lion, ”go and get it, and bring it to me, and I shall be able then to

27、 decide between you.” Upon hearing this, off they started. The crocodile, being used to the water, reached the opposite side of the river first, and was soon standing beside the wall. Here he waited till the elephant came up. The elephant, seeing that the crocodile had no way of reaching their goal,

28、 raised his long trunk, and took down the hat quite easily. They then made their way together back again across the river. The elephant was trying to keep up with the fast-moving crocodile in the water and became careless. When he was forced to turn sharply to avoid a floating tree branch, the eleph

29、ant dropped the hat and it fell to the river bottom. The crocodile noticed the accident, so down he dived, and brought it up in his huge mouth. They then returned, and the crocodile laid the metal hat at the lions feet. The King took it up, and turning to the elephant, said: “You, because of your si

30、ze and trunk, were able to reach the hat on the wall but, having lost it, you were unable to get it back. And you,” said the lion to the crocodile, “although unable to reach the hat, were able to dive for it and save it. You are both wise and able in your own ways. One is no better than the other.”

31、26. The underlined word “disputing” in Paragraph 1 means . A. playing B. quarrelling C. complaining D. deciding 27. What did the crocodile think was best about himself? A. His big mouth. B. His strong skin. C. His swimming skill. D. His dangerous teeth. 28. How did the lion deal with the animals dis

32、agreement? A. He ordered them to fight. B. He made a quick decision. C. He suggested a competition. D. He asked them to describe themselves. 29. What caused the elephant to drop the hat? A. The hat got wet in the river. B. He hit a floating tree branch. C. He was trying to swim too fast. D. He wante

33、d to fight the crocodile. 30. How were the elephant and the crocodile able to complete their task? A. By working together. B. By planning carefully. C. By sharing their ideas. D. By listening to the lion. 题材：记叙文 话题：24 故事 大象和鳄鱼 谁更厉害 词数：378 【主旨大意】本文是记叙文。大象和鳄鱼都觉得自己比较厉害，森林之王狮子看见后，让他们去把河对面 的墙上的帽子拿过来给他，以此

34、决定谁就更厉害，在大象和鳄鱼的共同努力下，才完成了这项任务，狮子 认为他们两个都比较厉害。 【答案】26-30 BBCCA 【解析】 26. B 词义猜测题。play 玩耍；quarrel 争吵；complain 抱怨；decide 决定。根据后面大象和狮子争辩的内 容及第四段中的“disagreement”可知，他们在为“谁是更厉害的动物”这个问题而争吵，故 dispute 表示“争 吵”，故选 B。 27. B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But your skin is not nearly so thick as mine. No knife or tooth can cut thro

35、ugh it.”可知，鳄鱼觉得他厚实的皮肤连小刀和牙齿无法切断，故他对他自己强硬的皮肤最满意，故选 B。 28. C 推理判断题。根据第五段和第七段中的“. go and get it, and bring it to me, and I shall be able then to decide between you.”可知，狮子让大象和鳄鱼去把河对面的墙上的帽子拿过来给他，以这种比赛的形式决 定谁更厉害，故选 C。 29. C 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“The elephant was trying to keep up with the fast-moving crocodile

36、in the water and become careless. When he was forced to turn sharply to avoid a floating tree branch, the elephant dropped the hat and it fell to the river bottom.”可知，大象在水中试图跟上快速移动的鳄鱼，而变得不小心了， 当他被迫急转弯以避开漂浮的树枝时，它把帽子掉了下来。由此可知，大象是因为试图游得太快，才把帽 子弄掉的。 30. A 推理判断题。文章中讲到大象因为体型和象鼻能够到墙上的帽子，但它因为不小心把帽子跳到了河 底，鳄鱼

37、潜入水中把帽子捡起，放在了狮子的脚上，最后一段狮子也讲述了大象和鳄鱼是怎么用自己的方 式来共同完成这样任务的，由此可知，他们是通过合作来完成这项任务的，故选 A。 (B)(2019广东广州) They say that “travel is the best teacher“and there is no better example of this idea than the Ming dynasty travel writer and geographer Xu Xiake(1587-1641). His book The Travel Notes of XuXiake, not only

38、 encouraged a love of travelling among Chinese people but provided important scientific information about the countrys land and geography. Born into a wealthy Jiangyin family, Xu became interested in books about different places at an early age and wanted to travel. When he was 18, however, Xus fath

39、er died and so, it seemed, did his travelling dreams. He now was responsible for the family farm and taking care of his60-year-old mother as tradition required. But his mother had different ideas. Understanding her sons love of travel and valuing the knowledge he could get from such experiences, thi

40、s modern-thinking woman refused to keep her son at home. She agreed that Xu could travel for three months every year, when there was less farm work. So at the age of twenty and with his mothers support, Xu set off for the first time, leaving behind not only his mother but his new wife as well. He wo

41、uld repeat this goodbye each year for most of the next 30 years. During this time, he travelled throughout the Ming kingdom, carefully studying the lands he passed through and recording his experiences and many discoveries in a diary. This diary, which once had over 500,000 words, would eventually b

42、ecome The Travel Notes of XuXiake. Although rich, Xu avoided comfortable travel, preferring to go almost everywhere on foot. This way he could research the environment in detail and get a true picture of the natural world. Many of his trips were to hard-to-reach mountain areas, and through wild fore

43、sts where few people lived. His willingness to face hardships came at a cost however. Progress was slow and firing and he was frequently sick, robbed and beaten during his journeys. Sadly Xu became seriously ill during his last and longest journey, a 4-year trip through the southwest of China. He di

44、ed in 1641. soon after returning to his hometown for the last time. When his diary was finally printed years after his death, much of it had been destroyed or lost. Although incomplete, it still made Xu a travelling legend around the world. 31. What is the passage mainly about? A. The general detail

45、s of Xu Xiakes life story. B. The difficulties Xu Xiake faced in his travels. C. The Important discoveries made by Xu Xiake. D. h nflun f u bk h rvl Nt f k. 32. Which of the following best describes Xus mother? A. Strict but interesting. B. Kind but uneducated. C. Helpful and hardworking. D. Support

46、ive and open-minded. 33. Why did Xu prefer walking during his travels? A. It gave him the chance to meet different kinds of people. B. It helped him to save money and travel for a longer time. C. It allowed him to see and study the environment in detail. D. It was the only way to reach the places he

47、 was interested in. 34. What is true about Xus book The rvl Nts f k? A. It was only made public after Xu died. B. It made Xu very famous during his lifetime. C. It was the first travel book ever written in China. D. It was mainly about the different people of China. 35. What is the correct order for

48、 the following events from Xus life? a. He went on his first journey b. His book was finally printed c. He returned to his hometown for the last time. d. He developed an interest in books about other places. e. He started managing the family farm after his father died. A. a-e-d-c-b . B. d-e-a-c-b C. d-e-a-b-c D. e-d-a-b-c 题材：人物传记 话题：17 旅行 话题：23 著名人物 词数：382 【主旨大意】本文是一篇人物传记。文中主要讲述了游记作家和地理学家徐霞客生平的经历。他 18 岁时 丧夫，不得不照顾自己的母亲，开明的母亲支持他实现自己旅行的梦想，他把自己的所见所闻都记录在日 记上，最后整理成徐霞客游记，这本书具有深远的影响。 【答案】31-35 ADCAB 【解析】 31. A 主旨大意题。第五段叙述了徐霞客旅游时面临的问难，第一段叙述了徐霞客的徐霞客游记的影 响，故 A、D 两项不是本文的的主要内容；文章没有详细介