2018江苏南京中考英语解析.pdf

1、 南京市南京市 2018 年初中毕业生学业考试年初中毕业生学业考试 英英 语语 注意事项： 1. 本试卷共 8 页。全卷满分 90 分。考试时间为 90 分钟。试题包含选择题和非选择题。考生答题全部 答在答题卡上，答在本试卷上无效。 2. 请认真核对监考教师在答题卡上所粘贴条形码的姓名、考试证号是否与本人相符合，再将自己的姓 名、考试证号用 0.5 毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡及本试卷上。 3. 答选择题必须用 2B 铅笔将答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂 其他答案。答非选择题必须用 0.5 毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡的指定位置，在其他位置答题一律无效。 选择

2、题选择题(共共 40 分分) 一、单项填空一、单项填空(共共 15 小题小题; 每小题每小题 1 分，分，满分满分 15 分分) 请认真阅读下列各题，请认真阅读下列各题，从题中所给的从题中所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上 1. (2018南京) Look at the text in the notice. What does it say? The students who do not sign up before Friday lunchtime _. A. will have to work at lunchtime

3、next Friday B. will have to work in the afternoon next week C. wont be able to do afternoon activities next Friday D. wont be able to choose their afternoon activities next week 1. D 考查情景交际。句意：看下布告栏上的文字，上面说了 什么？星期五中饭前没有注册的学生下周将不能选择他们的下午活 动。根据布告栏里的内容“If you dont do this, we will choose activities for

4、 you.”可知如果学生没有在星期五中饭前注册， “我们”将为学生选择 下午活动，也就是说学生将没有办法自己选择。故选 D。 2. (2018南京) Neil Armstrong was the first man to walk on the moon _ 20 July 1969. A. in B. on C. at D. for 2. B 考查介词辨析。句意：尼尔阿姆斯特朗是第一位在 1969 年 7 月 20 日在月球上行走的人。“20 July 1969”具体到某一天，应用介词“on”。故选 B。 3. (2018南京) _ is it from the Childrens Pala

5、ce to Nanjing South Railway Station, Tom? About 10 minutes ride by bus. A. How soon B. How long C. How far D. How much 3. C 考查疑问词组辨析。句意：从少年宫到南京南站有多远？乘坐公交车大概 10 分钟。How soon 多久，用于将来时，回答用 in+一段时间；How long 多长，对时间或长度提问；How far 多远，对距 离提问；How much 多少，对不可数名词或价格提问。根据答句“About 10 minutes ride by bus”可知问句是 对距离提

6、问。故选 C。 4. (2018南京) The schools in Qinhuai District will develop the museum courses suitable for children during _ school time. A. they B. their C. them D. theirs 4. B 考查代词辨析。句意：秦淮区的学校将在他们的上学时间开设适合孩子们的博物馆课程。此处是 指“他们的”上学时间，此空用来修饰名词“school time”，应用形容词性物主代词 their。故选 B。 5. (2018南京) “Reading Pavilion”，wh

7、ich entered Luhe Library this spring, has made it _ for the citizens to experience the pleasure of reading than before. A. easy B. easier C easily D. more easily 5. B 考查形容词比较级。句意：今年春天进入六合图书馆的“读书亭”，让市民比以前更享受读书的乐 趣。根据“than before”可知应用比较级，故排除 A 和 C；此处用到固定句型.made it+形容词+for sb. to do sth.表示“.让某人做某事.”，故此

8、处应用形容词比较级。故选 B。 6. (2018南京) Some people enjoy _ out their messages in bottles when they travel on the sea. A. to send B. send C. sending D. sent 6. C 考查非谓语动词。句意：一些人喜欢在海边旅游的时候用漂流瓶送出信息。此处用到固定短语 enjoy doing sth.表示“喜欢做某事”。故选 C。 7. (2018南京) Simon, do you know who invented the kite? Sure! It _ by Mozi ove

9、r 2,000 years ago. A. is invented B. invented C. was invented D. will be invented 7. C 考查动词时态及语态。句意：西门，你知道谁发明了风筝吗？当然，风筝是在 2000 多年前 墨子发明的。根据后面的“by”及句意可知此处应用被动语态；又根据时间状语“over 2,000 years ago”可知应 School Activity Notice Board Please sign up (报名) for next weeks afternoon activities before Friday lunchtim

10、e. If you dont do this, we will choose activities for you. 用一般过去时的被动语态。故选 C。 8. (2018南京) Mexican and Tex- Mex foods were popular in the USA, _ now Chinese food has more fans. A. because B. but C. so D. unless 8. B 考查连词辨析。句意：墨西哥食物在美国很流行，但是中国食物现在有更多的爱好者。because 因为；but 但是；so 因此；unless 除非。根据上下句句意可知两者为转折

11、关系。故选 B。 9. (2018南京) We _ to Yun Brocade Museum with the exchange students this coming summer holiday. Thats amazing! A. went B. go C. have gone D. will go 9. D 考查动词时态。句意 ：这个暑假我们将要去云景博物馆？那真是太棒了。根据后面的时间状 语“this coming summer holiday（将要到来的暑假）”可知应用一般将来时。故选 D。 10. (2018南京) Before you start reading, ask

12、yourself _ you are reading this book. Most people read for two main reasons, pleasure or knowledge. A. why B. what C. where D. when 10. A 考查疑问词辨析。句意：在你开始阅读之前，问问你自己为什么要读这本书。大部分人读书有 两个原因，乐趣或者是知识。根据下文的“ for two main reasons”可知此处问的是的“原因”，应用 why 提问， 表示“为什么”。故选 A。 11. (2018南京) Do you have this T-shirt in

13、a small _? Im afraid not. It only comes in medium. A. size B. colour C. material D. taste 11. A 考查名词辨析。句意：这种 T 恤有小码吗？恐怕没有，这种只有中码。size 尺寸；colour 颜色；material 材料；taste 风格，风味。根据答句“comes in medium”可知此处问的是尺寸。故选 A。 12. (2018南京) Millie _ missed the train this afternoon. It started to leave right after she g

14、ot on it. A. almost B. already C. really D. seldom 12. A 考查副词辨析。句意：米莉今天下午差一点就错过了火车。她一上车，车就离开了。almost 几 乎，差一点；already 已经；really 真的，确实；seldom 很少。根据下文的“It started to leave right after she got on it.”可知米莉事实上是赶上火车了，只是差一点没有赶上。故选 A。 13. (2018南京) Amazingly, Ive managed to finish the project by myself. _ I t

15、old you it was easy. A. With pleasure. B. Guess what? C. There you are! D. It doesnt matter. 13. C 考查情景交际。句意：太棒了，我已经自己完成这个项目了？我早就这样说过。我告诉你 这是简单。With pleasure 乐意效劳；Guess what?你猜怎么着？There you are!我早就这样说过；It doesnt matter.没有关系。根据下文“I told you it was easy.”可知 C 符合语境，故选 C。 14. (2018南京) Which of the follo

16、wing sentences has an object clause? A. His mother called him Robbie when he was a baby. B. On Mars you might see people who wear special boots. C. Mr. Green tells us that wed better use the Internet properly. D. Our life has improved because the environment is getting better. 14. C 考查宾语从句。句意：下面哪个句子

17、有宾语从句？A：由 when 引导的时间状语从句；B：由 who 引导的定语从句；C：由 that 引导的宾语从句；D：由 because 引导的原因状语从句。故选 C。 15. (2018南京) Read the following sentences. “There are lots of excellent sights in Nanjing. Have you ever been to any of them?” The underlined part is to _. A. make a statement B. ask a question C. give an instructi

18、on D. give an exclamation 15. B 考查句意理解。句意：读下面的句子“南京有很多很棒的景点。你去过其中的一些吗？”。A：做 个陈述；B：问个问题；C：给个说明；D：发出感叹。根据句意可知此处是问个问题。故选 B。 二、二、(2018南京) 完形填空完形填空(共共 10 小题小题;每小题每小题 1 分分，满分满分 10 分分) 请认真阅读下列短文请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中四个选项中，选出最佳选项选出最佳选项，并在答题卡并在答题卡 上将该项涂黑。上将该项涂黑。 He was pleased to learn th

19、at Chibi knew all the places where the wild grapes and wild potatoes grew. He was amazed to 16 how much Chibi knew about all the flowers in our class garden. He liked Chibis black and white drawings and put them up on the wall to be _17_. He liked Chibis own handwriting, which no one but Chibi could

20、 read, and he put that up on the wall. But, when Chibi appeared on the stage at the talent show of that year, no one could 18 his eyes. “Who is that?” “What can that stupid do up there?” Until Mr. Isobe announced that Chibi was going to imitate (模仿) the voices of crows. “Voices?” “Voices of crows?”

21、19 he imitated the voices of newly hatched crows. And he made the mother crowds voice. Then he imitated the father crows voice. He showed how crows cry early in the morning. He showed how crows cry when the village people have some unhappy accident. He showed how crows 20 when they are happy and che

22、erful. Everybodys mind was taken to the 21 mountainside from which Chibi probably came to school. Chibi made very special 22 deep down in his throat(喉咙) to imitate a crow in an old tree in the end. Now everybody could imagine 23 the far and lonely place where Chibi lived with his family. Then Mr. Is

23、obe explained 24 Chibi had learned those callsleaving his home for school at sunrise, and arriving home at sunset, every day for six long years. Every one of us cried, thinking how much we had been 25 to Chibi all those long years. He was a boy beyond our usual imagination! 16. A. complain B. count

24、C. find D. refuse 17. A. admired B. printed C. punished D. avoided 18. A. check B. hurt C. open D. believe 19. A. Later B. Next C. Last D. First 20. A. jump B. call C. fly D. dance 21. A. far B. crowded C. near D. modern 22. A. scripts B. reports C. speeches D. sounds 23. A. hardly B. happily C. exa

25、ctly D. peacefully 24. A. what B. how C. whether D. who 25. A. wrong B. kind C. honest D. generous 体裁 记叙文 话题 故事 词数 307 【主旨大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。小男孩 Chibi 站在才艺秀上时，人们都认为他很愚蠢，可是当他模仿乌鸦各种各 样的叫声， 以及 Mr. Isobe 解释他为什么会这些声音时， 每个人都哭了， 知道自己错的有多离谱， 才知道 Chibi 是一个我们想象不到的小男孩。 16. C 考查动词词义辨析。complain 解释；count 数数；find 发现，找到；

26、refuse 拒绝。根据上文“He was pleased to learn that”可知此处指的也是“He”知道/了解/发现 Chibi 了解花园里所有的花，分析四个选项可 知“find”符合句意。故选 C。 17. A 考查动词词义辨析。admired 羡慕，称赞；printed 打印；punished 惩罚；avoided 避免。根据上文“He liked Chibis black and white drawings”可知此处指的是把这些画挂在墙上让人们“欣赏”。故选 A。 18. D 考查动词词义辨析。check 检查，核对；hurt 伤害改，受伤；open 打开；believe

27、相信。根据下文“Who is that?”“What can that stupid do up there?”可知此处人们是很惊讶的，故此处指的是没有人能“相信”自己 的眼睛。故选 D。 19. D 考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文“Then he imitated the father crows voice.”可知此处指的是“首先 First”。 故选 D。 20. B 考查动词词义辨析。jump 跳； call 呼叫，喊，打电话；fly 飞；dance 跳舞。根据上文 Chibi 模仿乌鸦 的声音以及下文“Then Mr. Isobe explained _ Chibi had learn

28、ed those calls”可知此处句意为：他展示了乌 鸦高兴的时候怎么“喊叫”。故选 B。 21. A 考查形容词词义辨析。far 远的 ； crowded 拥挤的 ； near 近的 ； modern 现代的，时髦的。根据下文“Now everybody could imagine_ the far and lonely place where Chibi lived with his family.”中的 “far”可知此处 指的是人们的思想被带到了“遥远的”山区。故选 A。 22. D 考查名词词义辨析。scripts 脚本；reports 报告；speeches 演讲；sounds

29、 声音。上文讲的都是 Chibi 模 仿乌鸦的声音，又根据下文“in his throat(喉咙)”可知此处指的是发出特殊的“声音”。故选 D。 23. C 考查副词词义辨析。hardly 几乎不；happily 高兴地；exactly 具体地，确切地；peacefully 和平地，安 静地。根据上文 Chibi 模仿乌鸦各种各样的声音可知人们是通过这些声音能够“确切地”想象到 Chibi 和 家人所居住的遥远荒凉的地方是什么样子。故选 D。 24. B 考查疑问词词义辨析。根据下文“leaving his home for school at sunrise, and arriving ho

30、me at sunset, every day for six long years.”可知此处指的是 Chibi 是“如何（how）”生活，怎样学会这些声音的。故选 B。 25. A 考查形容词词义辨析。wrong 错误的；kind 和蔼的，善良的；honest 诚实的； generous 慷慨的。根 据上文“Every one of us cried”以及下文“He was a boy beyond our usual imagination!”可知人们这些都错误的 对待了 Chibi。故选 B。 三、三、(2018南京) 阅读理解阅读理解(共共 15 小题小题;每小题每小题 1 分分，满

31、分满分 15 分分) 请认真阅读下列材料请认真阅读下列材料，从材料后各题所给的从材料后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中四个选项中，选出最佳选项选出最佳选项，并在答题卡并在答题卡 上将该项涂黑。上将该项涂黑。 (2018南京) A There are over 20,000 animals at Chester Zoo. All are flying, jumping and playing happily in 125 acres of wonderful gardens. LANTERN MAGIC A relaxed and unforgettable night time jour

32、ney through the zoo with festive characters and giant animal lanterns to light your way. www. chesterzoo.org/christmas TALKING ANIMALS Find out more about our 20,000 animals by joining one of our daily animal talks in the zoo. Plan your day using our app. Visit www. chesterzoo.org/talks. STAY OVER T

33、reat the family and stay over in one of Chester and Cheshires many hotels. Visit www. chesterzoo.org/hotels and make great savings on hotel there are no singing or dancing parts in a modem play; in a dance drama, the dancer has no speaking role and does not sing either. Traditional Chinese drama, in

34、cluding Beijing Opera, is a kind of entertainment which includes spoken parts, singing, dancing and acrobatics. In addition to its presence in China, Beijing Opera has spread to many other places. Mei Lanfang, one of the most famous performers (表演者) of all time, was the first to introduce Beijing Op

35、era to foreigners and made highly successful tours to foreign countries. “You will be puzzled (困惑的) all the way through and a little bored from time to time; but you will be charmed and interested. You will be strongly attracted to Beijing Opera even if you know nothing of the dramatic background.”

36、This is how one American traveller described his first experience in watching Beijing Opera. Beijing Opera is Chinas national opera and it is foil of Chinese cultural traditions. Welcome to China and enjoy Beijing Opera! 32. What makes Beijing Opera different from theatrical art forms in many other

37、countries? A. It has one opera singer on stage. B. It has one dancer who has no speaking role. C. It has already spread to many other countries. D. It includes spoken parts, singing, dancing and acrobatics. 33. People think Mei Lanfang played an important role in the spread of Beijing Opera because

38、_. A. he made many tours to a foreign country B. he was a famous Beijing Opera performer C. he was the first to introduce Beijing Opera to foreigners D. he made Beijing Opera different from other theatrical art forms 34. From Paragraph 4 we know that the American traveler _. A. felt bored all the wa

39、y B. thought highly of Beijing Opera C. found Beijing Opera interesting at first D. knew the background of Beijing Opera 35. What does the underlined word “it mean in the passage? A. Beijing Opera. B. Local drama. C. An opera singer. D. A modem play. 体裁 说明文 话题 京剧 词数 282 【主旨大意】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了京剧的为什么是

40、最典型的中国戏剧，京剧和其他国家戏剧的不同之处， 京剧的发展以及传播。 32. D 细节理解题。第二段主要讲了其他国家的戏剧艺术形式比较单一，而根据第二段最后一句“Traditional Chinese drama, including Beijing Opera, is a kind of entertainment which includes spoken parts, singing, dancing and acrobatics.”可知中国戏剧， 包括京剧形式多种多样， 正体现了京剧和其他国家戏剧的不同。 故选 D。 33. C 细节理解题。由第三段中的“Mei Lanfang, o

41、ne of the most famous performers (表演者) of all time, was the first to introduce Beijing Opera to foreigners and made highly successful tours to foreign countries.”可知， 梅兰芳在传播中国京剧中起非常重要的角色因为他是第一个把京剧介绍给外国人的人。故选 C。 34. B 判断推理题。 根据文章第四段“You will be puzzled (困惑的) all the way through and a little bored from

42、 time to time; but you will be charmed and interested. You will be strongly attracted to Beijing Opera even if you know nothing of the dramatic background.”可知国外友人看京剧时一直都很困惑， 时不时的会感到无 聊，但是你会很感兴趣。即使不知道任何戏剧背景你也会被京剧深深吸引。因此国外友人对京剧评价 还是很高的。故选 B。 34. A 代词指代题。 根据上文“Beijing Opera is Chinas national opera”可知此

43、处“it”指代的是“Beijing Opera ”。故选 A。 (2018南京) D There was a kingdom long, long ago. It was ruled by a king who loved riddles. Once a year the king made a new riddle. He gave a prize to the person who could solve the riddle. There was a baker who also lived in this kingdom. Everyone agreed that he baked t

44、he finest breads. The baker had almost everything he needed except for a horse. If the baker had a horse, he could sell his fine breads from one end of the kingdom to the other. One year the king made a new riddle that puzzled everyone. “I will give a prize to the person who can solve my riddle, the

45、 king said. “Whoever wins will have the pick of one of my strongest horses.” He then drew a line down the middle of the courtyard. “Make this line shorter without erasing(清除)any part of it，” the king challenged. People came from far and wide. They looked at the line and squinted at it. They even put

46、 their noses to the ground and scratched their heads. “How can you make a line shorter without erasing any part of it?” the people in the crowd asked each other. Some of them tried. The dressmaker kicked dirt (泥土) over the line to hide it. The farmer poured water over the line to make it disappear.

47、None of these efforts worked, and the people went home disappointed. Everyone was puzzled about how to solve this new riddle. A week passed, and nobody had any new ideas. Then one day the baker came into the courtyard with a bag of flour (面粉). “Your Majesty,” the baker said to the king, “I can make

48、your line shorter without erasing any part of it.” Then the baker opened his bag of flour. He poured out a line of flour right next to the kings line. The line the baker made was longer than the kings line. “Now, good king,” the baker smiled, “your line is shorter.” The people were amazed. The king

49、laughed and clapped his hands. “You have won the prize, I will give you a horse of your choice.” The baker was excited. Now he could sell his breads from one end of the kingdom to the other. 36. What was the bakers problem at the beginning of the story? A. He couldnt make fine breads. B. He needed money to open more stores. C. He didnt have enough flour to