小学英语语法要点归纳及习题(DOC 24页).docx

1、小学英语语法要点及习题一、名词复数规则1大凡情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches3以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries4以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v,再加-es，如：knife-knives5不规则名词复数：man-men, woman-women, policeman-police

2、men, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-micechild-childrenfoot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese写出下列各词的复数I _him _this _her _watch _child _photo _diary _day_ foot_ book_ dress _tooth_ sheep _box_ strawberry _thief _yo-yo _ peach_ sandwich _man_ woman_ paper_ ju

3、ice_water_ milk_ rice_ tea_二、大凡现在时大凡现在时基本用法介绍【No. 1】大凡现在时的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。大凡现在时的构成1. be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：We study English.我们学习

4、英语。当主语为第三人称单数(he,she,it)时，要在动词后加“-s“或“-es“。如：MarylikesChinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。大凡现在时的变化1. be动词的变化。否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。大凡疑问句：Be +主语+其它。如：-Are you a student?-Yes. I am. / No, I“m not.分外疑问句：疑问词+大凡疑问句。如：Where is my bike?2.行为动词的变化。否定句：主语+ don“t( doesn“t ) +动词原形(+其它)。如：I don“t like bread

5、.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn“t构成否定句。如：He doesn“t often play.大凡疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。如：- Do you often play football?- Yes, I do. / No, I don“t.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成大凡疑问句。如：- Does she go to work by bike?- Yes, she does. / No, she doesn“t.分外疑问句：疑问词+大凡疑问句。如：How does your father go to work?动词+s的变化规则1大凡情况下，直接

6、加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks2以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如：study-studies大凡现在时用法专练:一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数drink _ go _ stay _ make _look _ have_ pass_ carry _come_ watch_ plant_ fly _study_ brush_ do_ teach_二、用括号内动词的合适形式填空。1. He often _(

7、have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Class One.3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. _ they _(like) the World Cup?6. What _they often _(do) on Saturdays?7. _ your parents _(read) newspapers every day?8. The girl _(teach) us English on Sundays.9. She a

8、nd I _(take) a walk together every evening.10. There _(be) some water in the bottle.11. Mike _(like) cooking.12. They _(have) the same hobby.13. My aunt _(look) after her baby carefully.14. You always _(do) your homework well.15. I _(be) ill. Im staying in bed.16. She _(go) to school from Monday to

9、Friday.17. Liu Tao _(do) not like PE.18. The child often _(watch) TV in the evening.19. Su Hai and Su Yang _(have) eight lessons this term.20.What day _(be) it today?Its Saturday.三、按照要求改写句子1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句)_2. I do my homework every day.(改为大凡疑问句，作否定回答)_3. She likes milk.(改为大

10、凡疑问句，作肯定回答)_4. Amy likes playing computer games.(改为大凡疑问句，作否定回答)_5. We go to school every morning.(改为否定句)_6. He speaks English very well.(改为否定句)_7. I like taking photos in the park.(对划线部分提问)_8. John comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问)_9. She is always a good student.(改为大凡疑问句，作否定回答)_10. Simon and Daniel like

11、going skating.(改为否定句)_五、改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)1. Is your brother speak English? _2. Does he likes going fishing? _3. He likes play games after class. _4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. _5. She dont do her homework on Sundays. _三、现在进行时1现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。2现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.3

12、现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。4现在进行时的大凡疑问句把be动词调到句首。5现在进行时的分外疑问的基本结构为：疑问词不达意+ be +主语+动词ing?但疑问词当主语时其结构为：疑问词不达意+ be +动词ing?动词加ing的变化规则1大凡情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking2以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting3如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping现在进行时专项练习：一、写出下列动词的现在分词：play_ run_ swim _m

13、ake_go_ like_ write_ _ski_read_ have_ sing _ dance_put_ see_ buy _ love_live_ take_ come _ get_stop_ sit _ begin_ shop_二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1.The boy _ ( draw)a picture now.2. Listen .Some girls _ ( sing)in the classroom .3. My mother _ ( cook )some nice food now.4. What _ you _ ( do ) now?5. Look . They

14、 _( have) an English lesson .6.They _(not ,water) the flowers now.7.Look! the girls _(dance )in the classroom .8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _(listen ) to music.9. Its 5 oclock now. We _(have)supper now10._Helen_(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .三、句型转换：1. They are doing housework .(分别改成大凡疑问句和否定句

15、)_2The students are cleaning the classroom . (改大凡疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)_3Im playing the football in the playground .(对划线部分进行提问)_4Tom is reading books in his study . (对划线部分进行提问)_四、将来时理论及练习一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中大凡有以下时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。二、基本结

16、构：be going to + do；will+ do.三、否定句：在be动词（am, is, are）l后加not或情态动词will后加not成wont。例如：Im going to have a picnic this afternoon.Im not going to have a picnic thisafternoon.四、大凡疑问句：be或will提到句首，some改为any, and改为or，第一二人称互换。例如：We are going to go on an outing this weekend.Are you going to go on an outingthis we

17、ekend?五、对划线部分提问。大凡情况，大凡将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。1.问人。Who例如：Im going to New York soon.Whos going to New York soon.2.问干什么。Whatdo.例如：My father is going to watch a race with me thisafternoon.What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.3.问什么时候。When.例如：Shes going to go to bed at nine.When is she goingto

18、 bed?六、同义句：be going to = willI am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）. = I will go swimming tomorrow.练习：填空。1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends.I _ have a picnic with my friends.2.下个星期一你打算去干嘛?我想去打篮球。What_nextMonday?I_ _ play basketball.What _ you do next Monday? I _ play basketball.3.你妈妈

19、这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。_ your mother _ _ go shopping this _?Yes, she _. She _ _ _ buy some fruit.4.你们打算什么时候见面。What time _ you _ _ meet?改句子。5. Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定）Nancy _ going to go camping.6. Ill go and join them.（改否定）I _ go _ join them.7. Im going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改大凡疑问句）_ _

20、_ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?8. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改大凡疑问句）_ _ meet at the bus stop at 10:30.9. She is going to listen to music after school.（对划线部分提问）_ _ she _ _ _ after school?10. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上)_ _ going to see a play the

21、day after tomorrow.用所给词的合适形式填空。11. Today is a sunny day. We _ (have) a picnic this afternoon.12. My brother _ (go) to Shanghai next week.13.Tomoften_(go)toschoolonfoot.Buttodayisrain.He_ (go) to school by bike.14.Whatdoyouusuallydoatweekends?Iusually_(watch)TVand_(catch) insects?15. Its Friday today

22、. What _she _ (do) this weekend? She _(watch) TV and _ (catch) insects.16. What _ (d0) you do last Sunday? I _ (pick) apples on a farm.What _ (do) next Sunday? I _ (milk) cows.17. Mary _ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow.18. Liu Tao _ (fly) kites in the playground yesterday.19. David _ (give) a pupp

23、et show next Monday.20. I _ (plan) for my study now五、大凡过去时1大凡过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。大凡过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。2Be动词在大凡过去时中的变化：am和is在大凡过去时中变为was。（was not=wasnt）are在大凡过去时中变为were。（were not=werent）带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is,am,are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，大凡疑问句把was或were调到句首。3句中没有be动词的大凡过去时的句子否定句：

24、didnt +动词原形，如：Jim didnt go home yesterday.大凡疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如：Did Jim go home yesterday?分外疑问句：疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？如：What did Jim do yesterday?疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？如：Who went to home yesterday?动词过去式变化规则：1大凡在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked2结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted3末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字

25、母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped4以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i，再加-ed，如：study-studied5不规则动词过去式：am,is-was,are-were,do-did,see-saw,say-said,give-gave,get-got,go-went,come-came,have-had,eat-ate,take-took,run-ran,sing-sang,put-put,make-made,read-read,write-wrote,draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-

26、swept, swim-swam, sit-sat过去时练习写出下列动词的过去式isam_ fly_ plant_ are _drink_ play_ go_ make _does_ dance_ worry_ ask _taste_ eat_ draw_ put _throw_ kick_ pass_ do _Be动词的过去时练习（1）Name _ No. _ Date _一、用be动词的合适形式填空1. I _ at school just now.2. He _ at the camp last week.3. We _ students two years ago.4. They _

27、on the farm a moment ago.5. Yang Ling _ eleven years old last year.6. There _ an apple on the plate yesterday.7. There _ some milk in the fridge on Sunday.8. The mobile phone _ on the sofa yesterday evening.二、句型转换1. It was exciting.否定句：_大凡疑问句：_肯、否定回答：_2. All the students were very excited.否定句：_大凡疑问句

28、：_肯、否定回答：_3. They were in his pocket.否定句：_大凡疑问句：_肯、否定回答：_Be动词的过去时练习（2）Name _ No. _ Date _一、用be动词的合适形式填空1. I _ an English teacher now.2. She _ happy yesterday.3. They _ glad to see each other last month.4. Helen and Nancy _ good friends.5. The little dog _ two years old this year.6. Look, there _ lot

29、s of grapes here.7. There _ a sign on the chair on Monday.8. Today _the second of June. Yesterday _ the first of June. It _ ChildrensDay. All the students _ very excited.二、句型转换1. There was a car in front of the house just now.否定句：_大凡疑问句：_肯、否定回答：_肯、否定回答：_三、xx1我的故事书刚才还在手表旁边。_2他们的外套上个xx放在卧室里了。_3一会以前xx有

30、两只小鸟。_行为动词的过去时练习（1）Name _ No. _ Date _一、用行为动词的合适形式填空1. He _ (live) in Wuxi two years ago.2. The cat _ (eat) a bird last night.3. We _ (have) a party last Halloween.4. Nancy _ (pick) up oranges on the farm last week.5. I _ (make) a model ship with Mike yesterday.6. They _ (play) chess in the classroo

31、m last PE lesson.7. My mother _ (cook) a nice food last Spring Festival.8. The girls _ (sing) and _ (dance) at the party.二、句型转换1. Su Hai took some photos at the Sports day.否定句：_大凡疑问句：_肯、否定回答：_2. Nancy went to school early.否定句：_大凡疑问句：_肯、否定回答：_3. We sang some English songs.否定句：_大凡疑问句：_肯、否定回答：_行为动词的过去时

32、练习（2）Name _ No. _ Date _一、用be动词的合适形式填空1. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.2. Her father _ (read) a newspaper last night.3. We _ to zoo yesterday, we _ to the park. (go)4. _ you _ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?5. _ he _ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he _.6. Gao Shan _ (pull) up carrots

33、last National Day holiday.7. I _ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother _.8.What_she_(find)inthegardenlastmorning?She_(find)abeautiful butterfly.二、句型转换1. They played football in the playground.否定句：_大凡疑问句：_肯、否定回答：_三、xx1.xx先生去年住在xx。_2.昨天我们参观了农场。_3.他刚才在找他的手机。_过去时综合练习（1）Name _ No. _ Date _一、用动词的合适形式填空1. It _ (be) Bens birthday last Friday.2. We all _ (have) a good time last night.3. He _ (jump) high on last Sports Day.4. Helen _ (milk) a cow on Friday.5. She likes _ newspapers, but she _ a