英语必修四-unit4-grammar-V-ing用法课件.ppt

1、现在分词作定语，当分词现在分词作定语，当分词单独单独做定语时，放在所修饰的名做定语时，放在所修饰的名词前。词前。现在分词作定语现在分词作定语(Revision)1）a walking stick drinking water a waiting room 2）working people=the people who are workingthe rising sun=the sun that is rising表功能特，性点表功能特，性点表动作的进行表动作的进行3）a surprising result boring music表性质和特征表性质和特征动词动词-ing 形式是形式是短语，短语

2、，应应放在所修饰的名放在所修饰的名词后，相当于一个定语从句。词后，相当于一个定语从句。They are visitors coming from several countries.who come from several countries.Three days later I received a letter offering me the job.which offered me the job.The girl standing there is my classmate.who stands therePractice:(1)The _ waiter came up to us

3、and said,“You are welcome.”A.smiling B.smiled C.smile D.to smile(2)Seeing the _ scene,the girl felt_.A.frightening;frightened B.frightened;frightened C.frighten;frightening D.frightening;frighteningAA(3)Its pleasure to watch the face of a _ baby.A.asleep B.sleep C.sleeping D.slept(4)The _ buildings

4、showed us that an earthquake was coming.A.shaking B.shook C.shaken D.shake CAThe ing-form as the Adverbial(状语状语)I met him yesterday.He did it carefully.To catch up with my classmates,I must study hard.The war broke out in 1990 in a small town.Without his help，we couldnt work it out.状语状语？Hearing the

5、bell,the students began to enter the classroom.听见铃声，学生们开听见铃声，学生们开始走进教室。（听见和进入两个动作同时始走进教室。（听见和进入两个动作同时发生）发生）Seeing the beautiful scenery,he couldnt help singing.看到这美景，他忍不住引吭高歌。看到这美景，他忍不住引吭高歌。现在分词作状语现在分词作状语现在分词在句中作状语，修饰谓语动词或现在分词在句中作状语，修饰谓语动词或整个句子，表示动作发生的整个句子，表示动作发生的原因原因、时间时间、方式方式、结果结果、条件条件、伴随状况伴随状况等。现

6、在分等。现在分词词一般不用作表目的地状语一般不用作表目的地状语（通常用不定（通常用不定式表目的地状语）。式表目的地状语）。现在分词作状语时，现在分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语必须是分词的逻辑主语必须是句子的主语，分词必须和句中的主语含有逻辑上句子的主语，分词必须和句中的主语含有逻辑上的主谓关系，的主谓关系，否则不能用现在分词作状语。否则不能用现在分词作状语。但要注意它地各种形式变化但要注意它地各种形式变化 主动形式主动形式 被动形式被动形式 V-ing being V-ed having V-ed having been V-ed 一般式一般式完成式完成式现在分词作现在分词作状语状语Walkin

7、g in the street,I came across an old friend of mine.(=When I was walking in the street,I came across an old friend of mine.)While waiting for the bus,he read a copy of China Daily.1）表时间状语表时间状语doing强调同时发生强调同时发生 Having finished his homework,he went out to play.(=After he finished his homework,he went

8、out to play.)Having tried for many times,he invented the light bulb.=After he tried for many times,he bulb.Having done 强调动作发生于谓语动词之前强调动作发生于谓语动词之前注意：注意：2)表原因状语表原因状语 Being ill,he didnt go to school.(=as he was ill,he didnt go to school.)Being attacked by the dog,He was sent to hospital.Having been tol

9、d the truth,he began to realize the importance of it.被告知真想之后，他才意识到事情的严重被告知真想之后，他才意识到事情的严重性性 3)表方式、伴随情况的状语表方式、伴随情况的状语：作伴随状语的分：作伴随状语的分词表示的动作，必须是词表示的动作，必须是主语的一个主语的一个 动作动作，或是，或是与谓语所表示地动作（或状态）同时发生与谓语所表示地动作（或状态）同时发生，或，或是是对谓语表示的动词（或状态）作进一步地补对谓语表示的动词（或状态）作进一步地补充说明充说明。Eg.He sat on the sofa,watching TV.(=He s

10、at on the sofa,and watched TV.)他们笑着谈着走进了教室。他们笑着谈着走进了教室。_,they went into the classroom.他斜靠他斜靠(lean)着墙站着。着墙站着。He stood _ against the wallLaughing and talkingleaning 4)表结果表结果 Eg.Her mother died in 1990,leaving her with her younger brother.(=Her mother died in 1990,and left her with her younger brother.

11、)全国到处在传唱这首歌曲，使它成了一首最受欢全国到处在传唱这首歌曲，使它成了一首最受欢 迎地歌曲。迎地歌曲。The song is sung all over the country,_.making it the most popular song 5)表条件表条件 Using your head,you will find a way.(=If you use your head,you will find a way.)一直往前走，你就会看到一座白色地房子。一直往前走，你就会看到一座白色地房子。_,you will see a white house.Walking ahead3.非谓语

12、的否定式非谓语的否定式 not+doing/having doneNot knowing his telephone number,I couldnt get in touch with him.Not seeing her mother,the baby burst into crying.4.固定结构：固定结构：Judging from his appearance,he must be very rich.Generally speaking,his answer is right.Considering everything,they did a good job.Practise:(

13、1)They set out _ for the _ boy.A.searching;losing B.searching;lost C.to search;lost D.searched;losing(2)The student sat there,_ what to do.A.doesnt knowing B.didnt knowing C.not know D.not knowingBD(3)He sat there _,with his head on his hand.A.and think B.thinking C.thought D.being thought(4)The _ P

14、rime Minister expressed his satisfaction with his talks,_ that he had enjoyed his stay here.A.visiting;add B.visited;adding C.visiting;adding D.visited;addedBC(5)_ in the queue for half an hour,Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home.A.To wait B.Have waited C.Having waited D.To hav

15、e waitedC6.The secretary worked late into the night,_a long speech for the president.A.To prepare B.preparing C.prepared D.was preparing 7.European foot ball is played in 80 countries,_ it the most popular sport in the world.A.Making B.makes C.made D.to makeB现在分词表结果状语现在分词表结果状语A 现在分词作伴随状语现在分词作伴随状语高考链

16、接8.“Cant you read?”Mary said,_ to the notice.A.angrily pointing B.and point angrily C.angrily point D.and angrily pointingA现在分词作伴随状语现在分词作伴随状语9._ a reply,he decided to write again.A.Not receiving B.Receiving not C.Not having received D.Having not received 10._ his telephone number,she had some diffic

17、ulty getting in touch with Bill.A.Not knowing B.knowing not C.Not having known D.Having not knownCA现在分词作原因状语，分词结构中否现在分词作原因状语，分词结构中否定词通常放在现在分词前面。定词通常放在现在分词前面。作原因状语作原因状语11.It seemed that he avoided _(get)too close to her.12.Reading is _(learn),but speaking the language is also a kind of _(learn).13.Th

18、e news that the Chinese team won the gold medal was very _(encourage).14.It is clear that your spoken English will greatly improve if you can practise _(speak)whenever you can.gettinglearninglearningencouragingspeaking15.I saw them _ to each other,obviously they do not want to be heard by others.(wh

19、isper)16.I counted the people _ the theatre,and there were 547 of them.(enter)17.The man with sun-glasses _ next to the car is a detective.(stand)18._ ill,he did not take part in the sports meeting.(be)whisperingenteringstandingBeing 19._ his car around is his main hobby.(drive)20._ she has got injured,he hurried to the hospital to see her.(know)21.He stayed in the _ room for over an hour while the girl was having an operation.(wait)22.I almost fell asleep when I saw that _ film.(bore)DrivingKnowingwaitingboring