英语中的语音语调课件.ppt

1、英语语音语调英语语音语调 语音语调的魔力作家冰心正在路上走着，听见路边的喇叭正播放她的一篇作品。听着听着，就不由自主地停了下来。冰心怎么也没想到，自己的文章经过播音员读出来，竟变得如此感人！文章经过播音员的朗诵加工，得到了升华，达到了一个更高的境界。这里是播音员的动人的语音语调的魔力起了作用。冰心激动不已，决心要找到这位播音员，好好地跟她谈一谈，好好地向她学习。经过多番努力，冰心的愿望终于实现了。两人一见如故，很快就成了莫逆之交。Come in只注重单词不注重语音语调，会有什么后果？英语语音语调汉语语音语调英语语音语调（介词，冠词，代词，连词，叹词）（名词，动词，副词，形容词，数词）汉语语音语

2、调关于新概念英语的故事什么什么是语音？是语音？W WHATHAT ISIS PHONETICSPHONETICS?Phonetics:deals with speech sounds.The study of the phonetic medium of language英语语音9大要素 1)英语48个音素的发音 Phone/phoneme:The smallest meaning-distinctive sound unit 用以区别意义的最小发音单位.元音20个(单元音12+双元音8)+辅音音素28个,共计48.2)了解英语的音节结构.掌握不同音素组合的发音.Syllable3)把握词与词

3、之间过渡,使同一意群的词连贯和流畅地连接在一起；4)每个多音节词的重音模式;（stress pattern）5)熟悉并使用单词的强读式和弱读式.(Strong Form&Weak Form)6）正确的掌握句子重音；（stress）7）掌握正确的话语节奏；(rhythm)8）正确。得体地使用语调；(intonation)9）最重要的是，通过正确的语音语调来达到交际的目的。QUESTION AND ANSWER 英语中有多少个音素？英文有多少个字母？语 音 知 识 读音读音的最小单位的最小单位 （共（共4 48 8个个）。）。音标是音标是音素的书写形式。音素的书写形式。发音发音时声带振动而气流在通

4、道上不受阻碍的是元音。时声带振动而气流在通道上不受阻碍的是元音。发音发音时气流在通道上受到阻碍的是辅音。时气流在通道上受到阻碍的是辅音。发音发音时声带不振动的为清辅音。时声带不振动的为清辅音。发音发音时声带振动的为浊辅音。时声带振动的为浊辅音。英语音素 元音元音（20）按照音标形状分2类：1.单元音 2.双元音按照发音口型分5类：1.前元音 4.集中双元音2.中元音 5.合口双元音3.后元音辅音辅音（28）1.爆破音2.破擦音3.摩擦音4.鼻音5.舌边音6.半元音英 语 元 音 音音 名名 音音 标标单单元元音音 前前 元元 音音 i:i e 4 中中 元元 音音:2 后后 元元 音音:u:u

5、 ：6双双元元音音 集中双元音集中双元音 i u 3 合口双元音合口双元音 ai ei i au u 5英 语 辅 音音音 名名音音 标标数量爆破爆破 音音 b p d t g k 6破擦音破擦音 dr tr dz ts6摩擦音摩擦音 v f z s r h 10鼻鼻 音音 m n 3舌边音舌边音 l 1半元音半元音 w j 2发音的13大规律双元音和长元音要超过2秒1.I am crazy about Chinese food.(我喜欢吃中国菜）2.Id like to buy a bicycle for my sister.(我想给我妹妹买辆自行车）3.Choosing a goal an

6、d sticking to it changes everything.(选定目标并坚持到底就能改变一切）二、短元音收小腹收小腹保证短元音短促有力1.difficultdifficult This question is very difficult.2.prettypretty Your English is pretty good.3.minite minite Please wait a minite.4.developdevelop China is a developing country.5.womenwomen Women live longer than men in most

7、 countries.三、大嘴练习法超级饱满合口双元音/ai/1.Would you 1.Would you likelike some some iceice cream?cream?2.2.My flight My flight leaves at leaves at ninenine thirty-thirty-fivefive.3.3.I I will will flyfly to to China tonightChina tonight.鬼哭狼嚎音/au/1.There is no 1.There is no doubt about doubt about it.it.2.I 2.

8、I foundfound a a mousemouse in my in my househouse last night.last night.3.Open your 3.Open your mouthmouth and and pronouncepronounce the the sound loudlysound loudly.感叹中国美好山河音/1.Please give me your 1.Please give me your honesthonest opinion.opinion.2.She is 2.She is notnot very very popularpopular

9、 in our school.in our school.最疯狂最典型的美国发音/Im so glad that nothing had has happened.She deserves a pat on the back.Back to back defeats made him sad.He who laughs last laugh best.MORE EXAMPLESWe must take action before it is too late.We will have a fat chance to win the game on Saturday.Such men are t

10、he backbone of the country.Man!Ive had it.SUPER CHALLENGEThere was a bad traffic accident.That hacker ran into the back of my van and killed my cat.Too bad it wasnt my wife because I love my cat.四、爆破音的强大气流/p/b/气流由双唇冲出/t/d/气流由舌尖和上齿龈之间冲出/k/g/气流由舌后部和软腭之间冲出1.1.PeoplePeopleWere there many people at the p

11、arty?2.2.NewspaperNewspaperHe is a newspaper reporter.3.3.ImportantImportantHe is an important person in our country.4.4.PolitePolitePlease be polite.5.5.PopularPopularAmerican English is more important in China.五、咬嘴唇集中练习法1.I really need a long vacation.2.Thats a beautiful view.3.Im very tired.4.Ple

12、ase forgive me.5.Leave me alone.6.Have a nice trip.7.Please come and visit us.8.I have to save money for my future.9.You must practice every day.10.Its over.六、三大鼻音闭嘴鼻音：Sometimes:/m/Sometimes I make my mom very mad at me.开口鼻音：nine:/n/Jim bought his girlfriend nine hundred and ninety-nine roses for he

13、r birthday.后鼻音：interesting:/Learning Crazy English is really interesting.七：破擦音破擦清辅音 /t/1.I never eat much for lunch.2.I was deeply touched by Teacher Yus speech.破擦浊辅音：/d/1.Im very jealous of your job.2.Dont worry.Im just joking.catch cheap cheer rich teach challenge child watch venture touch八、独特的卷舌音

14、 第一：大嘴卷舌音第一：大嘴卷舌音/a ar r/You are very smart.Actually,youre the smartest person Ive ever met!第二：中嘴卷舌音第二：中嘴卷舌音 /o or/More and more foreigners are coming to China.R是美语中最流畅、最柔和的声音第三：小嘴卷舌音第三：小嘴卷舌音 /irir/Did you hear me clearly?第四：重读卷舌音第四：重读卷舌音 /erer/Work hard.Make ourselves perfect.Serve the people,serve

15、 the motherland.独特的卷舌音第五：轻度卷舌音第五：轻度卷舌音 /I want to become an English teacher just like my father and mother.第六：咧嘴卷舌音第六：咧嘴卷舌音 /We should care and share.第七：撅嘴卷舌音第七：撅嘴卷舌音 /u u/Im a poor speaker because I have a poor memory.卷舌音R是美语发音的显著特征之一，凡字母中带R的，发音都要卷舌。第八：饱满卷舌音第八：饱满卷舌音 /air/air/really admire your cour

16、age.Im tired of my life.第九：鬼哭狼嚎卷舌音第九：鬼哭狼嚎卷舌音 /auraur/English is a powerful language.九、前轻后重1.sleep He went to sleep at two oclock.2.blame You cant blame anyone.3.slow My watch is five minutes slow.4.student Im a second year student in this university5.throw Dont throw away your old shoes,give them to

17、 me.十、神秘的连续(WORD LINKING)GooGood-id-idea.dea.HowHows-es-everything?verything?TakTake-it-ee-it-easy.asy.My telephone iMy telephone is-os-ou ut-of-ot-of-order.rder.As faAs far-as-Ir-as-I know,the know,there-ire-is no such book s no such book i in-on-our library.ur library.句子中常见的几种快速连读现象A.A.前一词以前一词以tt音

18、节尾，后一词以音节尾，后一词以jj音节音节开头开头；1.I1.Ill let you know my decision.ll let you know my decision.2.Can I get you a coffee?2.Can I get you a coffee?3.Don3.Dont forget your password.t forget your password.4.Wouldn4.Wouldnt you like to sit down?t you like to sit down?5.You5.Youll love me forever,wonll love me f

19、orever,wont you?t you?6.Don6.Dont you agree with me on this?t you agree with me on this?This shirt fits you well.This shirt fits you well.WhatWhats your name?s your name?Kathy hates your guts.Kathy hates your guts.I think Tom meets your standards.I think Tom meets your standards.B.前一词以ts音节尾，后一词以j音开始

20、；I canI cant t read your read your mind.mind.Please Please send your send your application out early.application out early.Could you Could you please send me a copy of you book?please send me a copy of you book?I I told you told you so.so.Did you Did you call your mom?call your mom?Would you Would y

21、ou like to volunteer as a mentor to a like to volunteer as a mentor to a kid?kid?C.前一词以d音节尾，后一词以/d/音开始.He He leads you leads you to believe he is a good man.to believe he is a good man.She She needs your needs your help.help.Beware of his lying when he Beware of his lying when he holds your holds yo

22、ur hand.hand.Jenny Jenny finds your finds your approach hard to approach hard to prehend.C.前一词以d音节尾，后一词以/d/音开始.十一、失爆练习法See you in Sep-temper.Good-bye.Good-morning.Good-night.This is a sad-story.Im very touched.。This is a good-chance.You should-catch it.Theyre my old-friends.Please take-good-care of

23、my dog.Stop-talking.Listen to me!I need-money badly.十二：喘气练习法Can you help me?Hurry up!It cant be helped.The price is too high for me.He has a lot of bad habits.十三、咬舌头There are thirty-three thousand three hundred and thirty-three feathers on that birds throat.Something is better than nothing.Its the s

24、ame thing.My father and mother went through thick and thin together.3,333绕口令 Sixty-six sick chicksShe sells seashells by the seashore.Betty Botter bought a bit of butter,But,she said,this butter is bitter,if I put it in my batter,it will make my batter bitter,but a bit of better butter will make my

25、batter better,So Betty Botty bought a bit of better butter,and it makes her batter better.英语语音语调练习有奇招 自己创造一个语言环境(看DVD，听电影对白，然后充分发挥自己模仿的能能力)以最慢的速度和最平的音调一口气把一个句子读完(把单词中的每一个元音发饱满。只有当元音饱满时，单词念出来才标准才好听。)提高肺活量英语语调的英语语调的意义意义语调（intonation），即说话的腔调，就是一句话里声调（pitch）高低抑扬轻重的配制和变化。英语有五种基本语调：升调（）降调（）升降调（）降升调（）平调（）词

26、汇意义（lexical meaning）话中所用词的意义语调意义（intonation meaning）说话人用语调所表示的态度或口气差之毫厘,谬以千里1）A：Jean，can you bring me the newspaper B：Sorry？（）Jean用升调说“Sorry”，其意思是“I didnt hear youCould you say that again，please？”2）A：Jean，can you bring me the newspaper？B：Sorry（）在对话2）中，Jean用降调说“Sorry”，显然其意思是拒绝帮助或无能为力。美国著名语言学家Kenneth

27、LPike认为：一个音节的绝对调高是不重要的，而一个音节与另外一个的相对高度才是非常重要的。英语有四级能区别意义的调高：1）特高调（extra high），即比正常的声调高两级，常在感情特别激动或惊讶时使用。2）高调（high），即比正常的声调高一级，一般用于语句中关键性的重读词。3）中调（mid），即说话人声音的正常高度。4）低调（low），即比正常的声调低一级，一般是降调的最低点。一句话中绝对调高及音调的相对高度所包含的意义一句话中的语调波峰一般都是句重音所在。通过一句话中的语调波峰所在，我们就可以了解说话人的意思。如人们读“I live in the cityI live in the

28、city”这句话时，由于强调的对象不同，语调也就随之发生了变化。I（）live in the city （隐含着在场的其他人不住在城里的意思）I live（）in the city （表示“我”只是“住在”城里，其隐含的意思是“我不在城里工作”或其他意思）I live in（）the city （表示“我住在城里边”，其隐含的意思是“我不住在城外”）QUESTIONM：Linda looked very tired these days W：She looked OK to me（）Q：What does the woman think of Linda？AShe saw Linda and

29、meBLinda said she was fineCShe looked up the word for meDShe considered Linda was all right(D)语调的基本知识语调的基本知识英语有两种基本的语调:升调和降调（分别用符号“.”、“”表示）升降的过程可以是急促的，也可以是缓慢的，还可以形成不同的组合。说话人可以通过语调准确地表达各种信息。升调:升调多用来表示“不肯定”和“未完结”的意思 一般疑问句，语气婉转的祈使句，以及用陈述句子形式表示疑问的各类句子。a）Shall I tell him to come and see.you?（一般疑问句的正常语调）b

30、）You.like.him?（用于陈述句形式的疑问句中，期待得到对方证实）c）.What have you got there?（用于特殊疑问句中，语气亲切热情）d）.Right you.are.（用于某些感叹句中，表示轻快、活泼、鼓励等意义）e）She bought.red，.yellow，and.green rugs.（用于排例句中，区别语义）降调:降调表示“肯定”和“完结”一般用于陈述句、特殊疑问句、命令句和感叹句中。a）Swimming is my favouritesport.（用于陈述句表示肯定的意义）b）What did you findthere?（降调用于特殊疑问句表示说话人

31、浓厚的兴趣）c）Tell me all aboutit.（语气较强的命令）d）Have you got thetickets?（降调用于一般疑问句表示说话人的态度粗率、不耐烦或不高兴）e）Hownice!（用于感叹句，表示感叹）提高语音语调的几个提高语音语调的几个方法方法Listen to spoken English as often as possible.Listen to spoken English as often as possible.多听别人多听别人说，自己做说，自己做有心人有心人.Listen to how speakers pronounce various words

32、and phrases and model your pronunciation on what you hear.Learn the phonetic alphabet.Learn the phonetic alphabet.学习音标学习音标。Use the phonetic alphabet page(at the beginning of most good dictionaries)as a guide to pronouncing new words.Dont forget to learn the word stress of a new word.Dont forget to l

33、earn the word stress of a new word.注注意单词重音。意单词重音。For example,the word believe has two syllables(be and lieve),but only the secondsyllable is stressed.We say believe and not be lieve.Your dictionary will show the syllable stress by an apostrophe()before the syllable to be stressed.Work out which soun

34、ds cause you most problems in Work out which sounds cause you most problems in English.English.找出自己的弱点，专门解决。找出自己的弱点，专门解决。“th”“l”“n/m”Be aware of intonation and sentence stress.Be aware of intonation and sentence stress.注意句子的注意句子的重读。重读。Not all words in a sentence have equal stress,and generally only

35、the informationinformation words(nouns and verbs)are stressed.Wheres the pen I gave you?Wheres the red pen I gave you?Wheres the red and blue pen I gave you yesterday?The unstressed words(such as the,I,you and and)dont carry as much weight as the stressed words.Changing stress Changing stress 根据意思改变

36、重读根据意思改变重读.For example:I love you.(Love,rather than just like.)I love you.(With the stress on I to highlight that its me rather than another person who loves you.)I love you.(And nobody else.)Intonation Intonation 不同情境不同语调不同情境不同语调 You know him,dont you?(With rising intonation on dont you?to show its

37、 a question)You know him,dont you.(With falling intonation on dont you to show its a statement you expect the other person to agree with.)Learn to recognize spelling patterns.Learn to recognize spelling patterns.根据拼写规则发音。根据拼写规则发音。For example,tion on the end of a word is pronounced shun,while sion ca

38、n be pronounced zhun.Dont rush.Dont rush.不要比速度，合适语速比清晰。不要比速度，合适语速比清晰。If you speak too fast,the danger is that you could skip over some words,fail to pronounce them completely,or mix them up.If you speak too slowly,you might end up sounding unnatural.But its better to speak slowly and clearly than to

39、o quickly.关于英语语感培养的几点关于英语语感培养的几点思考思考挖掘教学内容,领悟语感.语感是建立在一定语言内容的基础上的,小学英语的语感训练在语音,词句,会话等教学活动中自然有机地进行.在语音教学中渗透语感 语音教学我觉得应是小学启蒙阶段的重要任务.因此,我在语音教学时,通过把好语音关,从而渗透语感.如在字母和音标教学中,引导学生找规律,让学生注意音标发音的细微差别,将近音字母编成绕口令,希望通过绕口令和谐的音调,明快的节奏给学生以美的感受,自然地渗透语感.在词句教学中深化语感 在单词教学中,我让学生利用已学的音标和拼读方法,先试读,在必要时给予纠正,来提高学生的拼读能力.教词时,将

40、升,降调一起教给学生,遇到双音节以上的单词时,提醒学生注意重音,使学生养成习惯,以便在读语句或会话时,语调升,降比较自然流畅.句子是能表达比较完整的意思的语言单位.人们在用句话表述一个意思的同时,会自然地融入自己的喜怒哀乐等情感,于是同一句话用不同的语气,采用不同的表达方式,便产生不同的句意.在会话教学中提高语感 语言是交际的工具,外语教学的目的要培养学生创造性地,有目的地运用外语进行交际的能力.因此,我在自身教学时始终努力让学生在用中学,在会话教学中,设计各种情景让学生充分地说,尽情地表现.并且,每单元都流出表演时间,让学生自社情景,加入动作,表情和实物,进行充分交谈,以求增加会话容量,提高学生的语感.ALL IT TAKES IS PRACTICE.If I tell you,you will forget.If I tell you,you will forget.If I show you,you will remember.If I show you,you will remember.If I get you involve,you will understand.If I get you involve,you will understand.