[推荐学习]八年级英语下册Unit4Agoodread词汇与语法基础训练新版牛津版.doc

1、Unit 4 A good read知识精讲一、必背词汇read n.读物cooking n. 烹饪，烹调novel n. 小说Germany n. 德国knowledge n. 知识spare adj. 空闲的；多余的French adj. 法国(人)的writer n. 作者, 作家ugly adj. 丑陋的touch vt.感动，触动against prep.紧靠，碰，撞tie vt.捆,绑over prep.从一边到另一边stomach n. 腹部，胃until conj. 直到.为止finger n. 手指tiny adj. 极小的continue vt. &vi. 继续either

2、 adv.（否定句中）也manage vt.&vi.设法完成；管理lift vt. 举起，抬高；提高army n.大批，大群must modal v.应该，必须；一定unable adj. 不能的,不会的shoulder n. 肩膀hand vi.交；递，给review n.评论return vt.归还renew vt.续借；更新；重新开始series n.一系列；系列节目publish vt. 出版Canadian adj.加拿大(人)的online adv.在线，联网sail vt.&vi.航行hidden adj. 隐藏的confidence n. 信心experience n. 经历,

3、 经验advice n.建议，忠告，劝告librarian n. 图书管理员habit n. 习惯classical adj. 古典的opposite prep. 在.对面；与.相反二、重点词汇1. knowledge noun /nl.d/1). understanding of or information about a subject that you get by experience or study, either known by one person or by people generally知识；学问；学识；了解；理解例句： He has a limited knowle

4、dge of French. 他对法语所知有限。2). the state of knowing about or being familiar with something知道；熟悉（某事）例句： They both deny all knowledge of the affair. 政府完全否认知道此事。2. against preposition /enst/1). disagreeing with a plan or activity反对；与相反例句： She sold the house even though it was against his wishes. 她卖掉了房子，尽管

5、这违背了他的愿望。2). next to and touching or being supported by (something)紧贴着；紧靠着；倚在例句： Why dont we put the bed against the wall? 为什么不把床紧靠墙放呢？3). in front of or compared to以为背景；以作衬托；和对照例句：Paintings look best against a simple white wall. 画挂在没有任何装饰的白墙上看上去效果最好。4). in the opposite direction to逆的方向；迎着例句：The las

6、t part of the course was hard because I was running against the wind. 最后一段赛程很艰难，因为我是顶风跑。3. unable adjective /ne.bl/be unable to do sth不能做，无法做We were unable to contact him at the time. 我们当时无法和他取得联系。4. advice noun /dvas/an opinion that someone offers you about what you should do or how you should act

7、in a particular situation意见；忠告；劝告例句：Steven gave me some good advice. 史蒂文给了我一些好建议。5. continue verb /kntn.ju/1). to keep happening, existing, or doing something, or to cause something or someone to do this（使）继续，（使）持续，（使）延续例句：Do you intend to continue (with) your studies? 你打算继续你的学业吗？2). to start to do

8、something again after a pause（中断后）再继续，又开始例句： After stopping for a quick drink, they continued on their way. 停下来迅速喝了点水后，他们又继续赶路。三、必背短语fall over 摔倒hand in 上交, 递交and so on 等等on time 准时so far 到目前为止at a time 每次，依次tired out 筋疲力尽open up 开启；开创；开辟do with 处理manage to do sth 设法做成某事四、经典句型1. Have you decided wha

9、t to do with these books, Hobo?霍波，你已经决定好怎么处理这些书了吗？2. I have to use them to reach the box on the fridge.我不得不用他们去够冰箱上的盒子。3. Sandy is wondering where to ask for help.桑迪正在考虑去哪里寻求帮助。4. You must not smoke in the library.图书馆里不允许抽烟。5. I enjoy reading the books of Robert Louis Stevenson because I find them r

10、eally exciting.我喜欢读罗伯特路易斯史蒂文森的书，因为我觉得它们很有趣。三点剖析一、考点1. 疑问词+动词不定式的用法1).疑问词不定式结构中的疑问词，包括疑问代词who, what, which和疑问副词how, when, where等.这些疑问词和不定式一起构成了不定式短语,这种结构可在句子中作主语、宾语、表语等.例句：How to do it is a question. 该怎样做倒是一个问题。（作主语）I really dont know what to write about. 我实在不知道该写些什么。（作动词宾语）We must first solve the pr

11、oblem of whom to serve. 我们必须首先解决为谁服务的问题。（作介词宾语）The question is where to put it. 问题是该把它放在哪儿才好。（作表语）I asked him how to learn English.我问他如何学习英语。（作宾语补足语）2). 疑问词不定式结构相当于一个名词性从句，常常可用同等成分的从句代替。改写时只需在疑问词后加一适当主语，并将不定式改成适当形式的谓语。上述例句可以分别改写成：How we should do it is a question.I really dont know what I should wri

12、te about.We must first solve the problem of whom we should serve.The question is where we should put it.I asked him how we should learn English.3).疑问词不定式结构经常放在tell, show, teach, learn, know, wonder, discuss, remember, forget, find out等动词（词组）之后作宾语。例句：The teacher told the students how to do the experi

13、ment.老师教学生如何做实验。（句中 told含有taught的意思）The young woman doesnt know what to do.那位年轻女子不知道怎么办。（句中what不能改换成how）He tells me how to answer all the questions in English.他告诉我怎样用英语回答所有的问题。（句中的how不能省去）另外，这种结构可以构成独立问句。例句：What to do? 怎么办?How to get rid of the trouble? 如何摆脱困境?2. must和have to的用法区别1). 强调重点不同两者都表示必须，但

14、must 侧重于说话者的主观看法,认为有必要或有义务去做某事；have to 则重于客观需要,含有不得不或被迫之意。例句：We must go at once. 我们必须马上就走.If I buy that car, I have to borrow some money. 如果我要买那辆汽车,我得借些钱.2). 时态形式不同must 只有现在时一种形式（在宾语从句中可以表示过去），而 have to 则有多种时态形式。例句：She said that she must go with me. 她说她一定要同我一起去.They have had to buy a car. 他们不得不买了辆小汽

15、车.3). 非谓语形式不同have to 可以有分词、动名词、不定式等形式，而 must 则没有这些形式。例句：He only saw her in the evening, having to be away all day. 他整天得外出,只能晚上见她.I regret to have to trouble you again. 我很抱歉不得不再麻烦你一次.4). 否定式的意义不同must 的否定式 mustnt 意为一定不要、不允许；而 have to 的否定式 dont have to 意为不必（=neednt）。例句：You mustnt tell him about it. 你一定

16、不要告诉他这件事.（可能是秘密）You dont have to tell him about it. 你不必告诉他这件事.（他可能知道了）二、易错点1. at a time、at one time和at times1). at a time意为“每次，一次”。例句：I can only talk to one at a time.我只能一次跟一个人谈话。2). at one time意为“曾经，一度”。例句：At one time I used to go skiing every winter.我有一度每到冬季就去滑雪。3). at times意为“有时，偶尔”。例句：Everyone m

17、ay make mistakes at times.每个人都会偶尔犯错误。2. spend, cost, pay, take1). spend常构成“sb. spends/spent+时间/钱+on+名词/(in) +v.-ing.+名词”句型，意为“某人花时间/钱在某事物上/做某事”。例句：I spent $100on the bike.我花了一百美元买下那辆自行车。She spent the whole afternoon (in) cleaning the windows and the floors.她花了整个下午的时间打扫窗子和地板。2). cost主语多是“物”，常用于句型“sth

18、. costs/cost (sb.) some money. 中，意思 是“某物花了(某人)一些钱”。例句：The shirt cost me five yuan. 我买那件衬衫花了五元钱。3). pay意为“付款”， 其主语为“人”，常用于句型sb. pays/paid.for sth.中，意思是“某人花钱买”。例句：Ill pay 10yuan for the book. 我要花10元钱买这本书。4). take多用于花费时间，常用句型是“It takes/took sb. some time to do sth.”，意思是“某人花费时间做某事”。例句：It took the boy tw

19、o hours to finish his homework.这个男孩子用了两个小时完成他的作业。题模精选题模一：Unit 4 词汇应用例1.1.1 Amy, you should remember to _ your book report on time.A put inB cut inC hand inD give in例1.1.2 根据汉语完成下列句子。1). 在一天的辛苦工作后，我们已经筋疲力尽了。We were _ _ after a _ _ work.2). 在下雪天你要小心，否则你会摔倒的。Be careful on snowy days, or you will _ _.题模

20、二：语法-疑问词+动词不定式 & must和have to例1.2.1 Bob can not come out to play because he _ help Dad in the garden.A canB can notC has toD must例1.2.2 用所给词的适当形式填空。1). How _ (do) it was discussed last night.2). I didnt know where _ (go).3). The difficulty was how _. (cross) the river.随堂练习随练1.1 Our Chinese teacher t

21、old us _ interesting story and _ story was about Thomas Edison.A an; aB the; theC a; theD the; the随练1.2 We should return the books to the library _ time.A aboutB onC byD for随练1.3 Remember to spend some time _ your loved ones, because theyre not going to be around forever.A fromB withC inD on随练1.4 Ke

22、ep _ English and youll do better.A talkingB to talkC speakingD to speak随练1.5 Smiling can make people _ happy, lively and warm.A to feelB feelsC feelD felt随练1.6 根据汉语完成下列句子。1. 我看见一群鸟在往北飞。I saw _ _ _ _ flying north.2. 她跌了一跤。但是她迅速爬起来继续跑向终点。She had a fall. But she quickly got up and_ _ _ _ _ the finishin

23、g line.3. 那女孩看见一条狗径直朝她奔来，她忍不住大声叫了起来。The girl saw a dog _ _ her and she couldnt help screaming.4. 随着太阳升起,我们感到越来越暖和了。We felt warmer and warmer _ the sun _ _.5. 我们很害怕,不知道怎样逃离。We were very afraid and we didnt know _ _ _ _.自我总结课后作业作业1 The movie is very _. So the children are _ in it.A interest; intereste

24、dB interested; interestingC interesting; interestedD interested; interest作业2 -You look so tired. Whats wrong?-I didnt go to bed _ I finished watching “In the Name of People” last night.A untilB ifC thoughD unless作业3 Tom doesnt like math. I dont like it, _A tooB as wellC neitherD either作业4 -Could you

25、 please offer me some_ in my research?-Yes, sure.A ideaB messageC suggestionD advice作业5 用所给词的适当形式填空。1. Sophie _ (lift) the phone before the second ring.2. It was late into the night, but the writer continued_ (write) his works.3. -Im _ (able) to work out the maths problem. Can you help me?-No proble

26、m. Just a minute.4. The girl spends as much time as she can _ (help) her mother with housework.5. John fell off his bike as he _ (ride) home from school this afternoon.6. The newspaper has _ (sell) of 1.72 million.7. With sales of 5.2 million _ (copy)，this comic book has become popular.8. Its said t

27、hat there is _ (hide) treasure on that island.9. Tom is a young man full of _ (confident).10. Yann Martel, a _ (Canada) writer, wrote the famous story Life of Pi.作业6 We have two rooms_, but I cant decide_.A to live; to choose which oneB lived; choose which oneC to live in; which one to chooseD live;

28、 which one答案解析题模精选题模一：Unit 4 词汇应用例1.1.1【答案】C【解析】 考查动词词组辨析，put in安装，添上；cut in打断；hand in上交；give in让步，根据句意可知选C。例1.1.2【答案】 1). tired out; hard days2). fall over【解析】 考查本课词汇的应用，需注意联系语境、时态、人称的数及名词的单复数。题模二：语法-疑问词+动词不定式 & must和have to例1.2.1【答案】C【解析】 考查must和have to的用法区别，句意：鲍勃不能出来玩，因为他不得不帮助爸爸在花园劳作。have to强调了客观

29、需要，表示“不得不做某事”。故选C。例1.2.2【答案】 1). to do 2). to go3). to cross 【解析】 考查本课语法的应用，需注意联系语境、时态、人称的数及名词的单复数。随堂练习随练1.1【答案】D【解析】 考查冠词的用法，句意：我们的中文老师给我们讲了一个有趣的故事，这个故事是关于托马斯爱迪生的。第一个空泛指一个有趣的故事，用不定冠词a或又因为interesting 的读音是an，以元音音素开头的，所以用an；第二个空指已提到的故事，表特指用the。故选D。随练1.2【答案】B【解析】 考查固定搭配，句意：我们应该按时把书归还给图书馆。短语on time 意为“按

30、时”。故选B。随练1.3【答案】B【解析】 考查介词用法，结合句意“记得花一些时间陪伴你爱的人”可知，应该用with，故选B。随练1.4【答案】C【解析】 考查固定搭配，keep doing sth意为“一直做某事”；“说英语”应该用speak English，而非talk English。故选C。随练1.5【答案】C【解析】 考查固定搭配，make sb do sth意为“使某人做某事”。故选C。随练1.6【答案】 1. an army of birds2. continued to run towards3. running straight towards4. as; was risin

31、g5. how to get away【解析】 考查本课词汇的应用，需注意联系语境、时态、人称的数及名词的单复数。作业1【答案】C【解析】 考查形容词辨析，interesting 意为“有趣的”，通常修饰事物；interested 意为“(人)感兴趣的”，常用于be interested in，意为“对感兴趣”。故选C。作业2【答案】A【解析】 考查连词辨析，句意：-你看起来非常劳累，怎么啦？-昨晚我一直看完人民的名义才去睡觉。notuntil 意为“直到才”。故选A。作业3【答案】D【解析】 考查副词辨析，句意：汤姆不喜欢数学，我也不喜欢。either用在否定句中，表示“也”。故选D。作业4

32、【答案】D【解析】 考查名词辨析，句意：-在我的研究方面，你能给我一些建议吗？-是的，当然可以。问句中有some，后接可数名词复数形式或不可数名词，idea、message、suggestion均为可数名词单数形式，故排除。故选D。作业5【答案】 1. lifted2. writing/ to write3. unable4. helping5. was riding6. sales7. copies8. hidden9. confidence10. Canadian【解析】 考查本课词汇的应用，需注意联系语境、时态、人称的数及名词的单复数。作业6【答案】C【解析】 考查固定句式，前空应该用动词不定式to live in 作two rooms的后置定是live in 的逻辑宾语，因此不可用to live；后空语，two rooms考查“疑问词+动词不定式”。故选C。