英标教学.ppt

1、英语国际音标英语国际音标英语国际音标简介英语国际音标简介 音素是语音的最小单位，一个音素就是一个音。音素是语音的最小单位，一个音素就是一个音。48音素音素 元音元音 辅音辅音 音标是用于标记读音的符号，也就是音素的书音标是用于标记读音的符号，也就是音素的书面符号。英语音标的作用相当于汉语的拼音。面符号。英语音标的作用相当于汉语的拼音。国际音标是国际语音协会制定的一套语音符号。国际音标是国际语音协会制定的一套语音符号。26字母字母 元音字母元音字母 辅音字母辅音字母 音标在标注字母或单词的读音时，音标外要用音标在标注字母或单词的读音时，音标外要用方括号方括号 或两条斜线或两条斜线括起来，以免与单

2、词或字括起来，以免与单词或字母混淆。母混淆。元音是指发音时气流通过口腔或鼻腔时，不元音是指发音时气流通过口腔或鼻腔时，不受任何阻碍，同时声带振动。英语中的元音受任何阻碍，同时声带振动。英语中的元音共有共有20个。个。辅音是指发音时，气流从肺部压出来后，通辅音是指发音时，气流从肺部压出来后，通过口腔或鼻腔时受到各发音器官的阻碍，如过口腔或鼻腔时受到各发音器官的阻碍，如受到唇、齿、舌、咽喉等的阻碍而形成的音。受到唇、齿、舌、咽喉等的阻碍而形成的音。英语中的辅音音素按发音时声带是否振动可英语中的辅音音素按发音时声带是否振动可以分为以分为11个清辅音和个清辅音和17个浊辅音。个浊辅音。清辅音发音时声带

3、不振动，浊辅音发音时声清辅音发音时声带不振动，浊辅音发音时声带振动。带振动。/发音要诀发音要诀（1）舌尖抵下齿，舌前部抬高，音短促。）舌尖抵下齿，舌前部抬高，音短促。（2）双唇扁平，牙床半合，上下齿之间可放）双唇扁平，牙床半合，上下齿之间可放入一个小指尖。口腔肌肉松弛。入一个小指尖。口腔肌肉松弛。发音练习发音练习 /kisssitclipsixchips吻吻坐坐回形针回形针六六炸薯条炸薯条 /pigbigdigkidkickpick猪猪大的大的挖挖小孩子小孩子踢踢采摘采摘Milk/milk/牛奶牛奶 hit/hit/打，击中打，击中minute/minit/分钟分钟 city/siti/城市城

4、市fish/fi/鱼鱼 hill/hil/小山小山window/wind/窗窗 happy/kpi/快乐快乐fit/fit/适合的适合的 thin/in/瘦的瘦的rabbit/rbit/兔子兔子 live/liv/居住居住Is/iz/是是 this/is/这个这个music/mju:zik/音乐音乐his/hiz/他的他的fifteen/fifti:n/十五十五朗读下面的句子(1)This is a pig.(2)Jim is as thin as a pin.(3)Dick often sits on the hill.(4)Bill lives in this village.(5)It

5、is a pity,this city is too noisy./i:/发音要诀发音要诀(1)舌尖抵下齿，舌前部尽量抬高。舌尖抵下齿，舌前部尽量抬高。(2)双唇扁平，牙床几乎半合。双唇扁平，牙床几乎半合。(3)这是长元音，发音时嘴角向旁伸，做微笑这是长元音，发音时嘴角向旁伸，做微笑状，并要有一定的延长。状，并要有一定的延长。发音练习发音练习 me mi:see si:sea si:meet mi:t heat hi:t need ni:d free fri:feel fi:l bee bi:We/wi:/我们我们me/mi:/我（宾格）我（宾格）she/i:/她她 knee/ni:/膝盖膝盖

6、 We/wi:/我们我们Tree/tr i:/树树 Chinese/taini:z/Sheep/i:p/羊羊three/ri:/三三 canteen/cnti:n/These/i:z/这些这些朗读下面的句子(1)A friend in need is a friend indeed.(2)Which would you like,black tea or green tea?(3)Can you see the green tree?(4)There is a key on the seat.(5)Do you like to eat meat?注意事项注意事项/与与/i:/发音的不同发音的不

7、同 （1）这是两个不同的音素，/i:/不是不是/的单纯加长。的单纯加长。它们的发音口腔部位不完全相同。它们的发音口腔部位不完全相同。（2）发）发/音时，口腔肌肉松弛；发音时，口腔肌肉松弛；发/i:/时口腔肌肉紧张。时口腔肌肉紧张。（3）/是短元音，发音短促；是短元音，发音短促；/i:/是长元音，发音细长。是长元音，发音细长。/e/发音要诀（1）舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍抬高。（2）双唇中常，上下齿间可容下一食指，口腔肌肉松弛。注意事项（1）发/e/音时，口不能张得太大。（2）要避免舌头随便移动，从而发成其他的双元音。发音练习朗读下面的单词leg le tell tel desk desk bed b

8、ed bread bred Leg/leg/腿腿 egg/eg/鸡蛋鸡蛋Bed/bed/床床 desk/desk/桌子桌子Pen/pen/笔笔 elephant/elifnt/大象大象get/get/获得获得 seven/sevn/七七Yes/jes/是的是的 eleven/levn/十一十一 /bedbeltpetegglegdesk床床腰带腰带宠物宠物蛋蛋腿腿书桌书桌朗读下面的句子(1)It is never too late to mend.(2)He has already passed the test.(3)Fresh vegetables are good for our hea

9、lth.(4)So many men,so many minds.(5)Lets get ready for the lesson./发音要诀（1）舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍抬高，音短促。（2）双唇向两边平伸，成扁平形。上下齿间可容两指宽度。口腔肌肉松弛。发音练习 /adbadsaddadbag爸爸爸爸坏的坏的伤心的伤心的广告广告书包书包 /batcatcapblack蝙蝠蝙蝠/球拍球拍猫猫帽子帽子黑色的黑色的p朗读下面的句子(1)As a matter of fact,the man is fat.(2)The cat catches a fat rat.(3)A fat man ran afte

10、r a black cat.(4)She has a black bag.(5)Mack comes back very late./注意事项/不出现在重读音节中，在词首或词中时发不出现在重读音节中，在词首或词中时发音较模糊，在词尾时适当拖长。音较模糊，在词尾时适当拖长。发音练习发音练习ago u panda pnd brother br sister sist winter wint river riv breakfast brekfst 朗读下面的句子(1)Her younger sister is a teacher.(2)Did you forget the famous writer

11、s name?(3)After supper,he went to visit his younger brother.(4)There is an eraser under the computer.(5)The second picture drew by my brother is very beautiful/:/her h:bird b:d work w:k shirt :t girl :l skirt sk:t /:n/n:s/s:v/h:t/b:d/t:m/朗读下面的句子(1)The early bird catches the worm.(2)There are thirtee

12、n girls in the third picture.(3)Please turn to page thirty and read the first dialogue.(4)The nurse in a dirty skirt is feeding the bird.(5)He has written thirty poems this term./注意事项发/时，声音要短促，不能拖泥带水。发音练习 fun fn bus bs must mst cut kt luck lk sun sn son sn duck dk 朗读下面的句子(1)What colour is this bus?(

13、2)Her son loves nothing but money.(3)Its Sunday,but you must get up now.(4)Her cousin cut her finger last Monday.(5)He doesnt have enough money,but he is going to take his mother to visit the Great Wall./:/art :t hard h:d star st:card k:d dark d:k arm :m start st:t 朗读下面的句子(1)There is a large park ne

14、ar the farm.(2)A fast car passed through the park.(3)Her father is counting the stars in a dark house.(4)He didnt pass the exam,for its rather hard.(5)Her farther put the card into the basket./hot ht foxstop stp dog not nt potbox bks clock sorry sri what wt 朗读下面的句子(1)I got a job as a pop song singer

15、.(2)Barking dogs do not bite.(3)-Whats this?-Its a clock.(4)There are many hot dogs in the shop.(5)The dog stopped on the top of the hill./:/door d:law l:call k:l more m:small sm:l story st:ri tall t:l朗读下面的句子(1)Look before you leap.(2)Its warm today.(3)Please open the door.(4)George saw a door on th

16、e wall.(5)Your daughter who is tall has bought four balls./put put book buk good ud look luk cook kuk foot fut 朗读下面的句子(1)The classroom is full of books.(2)She is a good-looking cook.(3)More sugar should be put in the coffee.(4)He is looking for a good book.(5)I sometimes cook with a book near my rig

17、ht foot./U:/shoe u:food fu:d cool ku:l room ru:m noodle nu:dl 国际英文国际英文26个字母及发音音标个字母及发音音标 26个英文字母及发音音标如下个英文字母及发音音标如下:A a ei B b bi:C c si:D d di:E e i:F f ef G g di:H h eit I i ai J j dei K k kei L l el M m em N n en O o eu P p pi:Q q kju:R r a:S s es T t ti:U u ju:V vvi:W w dblju:X x eks Y y wai Z z

18、 zi:zed以上我们可以看出以上我们可以看出,英语字母中有一些含有共同的元音音素英语字母中有一些含有共同的元音音素.如如:1)含元音音素含元音音素ei 字母字母:Aa Hh Jj Kk 音标音标:ei eit dei kei 2)含元音音素含元音音素i:字母字母:Bb Cc Dd Ee Gg Pp Tt Vv 音标音标:bi:si:di:i:di:pi:ti:vi:3)含元音音素含元音音素e 字母字母:Ff Ll Mm Nn Ss Xx Zz 音标音标:ef el em en es eks zed 4)含元音音素含元音音素ju:字母字母:Uu Qq Ww 音标音标:ju:kju:dblju:

19、5)含元音音素含元音音素ai 字母字母:Ii Yy 音标音标:ai wai/e/make meik date deit data deit cake keik wait weit name neim lake leik table teibl /a/fly flai cry krai my mai kind kaind buy bai /boy bi toy ti oil il noise niz voice vis /a/out aut now nau how hau house haus mouth mau /coat kut cold kuld boat but know nu old

20、uld low lu No go So Old Home Those rose/ear i near ni clear kli here hi media mi:di beer bi deer di/e/air hair h share pear p hardware h:dw /tour tu poor pu sure upp pen picture jeep map bb bike bus book boxt t ten two boat meetdd desk down bird goodkk cake Kate thank clock g g good girl egg bags s

21、sit see yes class z z is his these zero辅音字母：辅音字母：/f/finefivefourfamilyfacefloorfriend/v/verysevenhavelovegloveovereleven/thinthinkthankthreethirteenthirtytenth/thisthatthesethosetherefathermother/m/mymapamgame/n/ninenewtenson/morningwrongthinkthank/h/he hat here hill/r/red right brown room/j/yes you

22、 your yellow/w/we woman where white/l/Look Hello Floor family cash k share she i:ship ip shop p fish fi usual ju:ul leisure le pleasure pletr tree tri:try trai train trein true tru:truth tru:trade treid train trein drdry drai draw dr:drum drm dream dri:m dress dres driver draiv t cheap ti:p search s:t chair te watch w:t match mt d job db orange rind Japan dpn just dst message mesid