2021年高考英语的阅读理解专项训练及答案.doc

1、2021年高考英语的阅读理解专项训练及答案一、高考英语阅读理解专项训练1阅读理解 Smart Kids Festival Events Smart Kids is a collection of one hundred events scheduled in October. This year, it is experimenting with Pay What You Decide (PWYD). That is, you can decide to pay what you want to or can afford, after you have attended an event.

2、You can pre-book events without paying for a ticket in advance. Here are some of the directors picks. Walk on the Wild Side Not ticketed, Free Join storyteller Sarah Law to hear science stories about animals. Along the way youll meet all sorts of beautiful creatures and discover life cycles and food

3、 chains. Best suited to children aged 5-9. Children under 8 must be accompanied by an adult. Introduction to Waves Pre-book, PWYD Subjects range from sound waves to gravity waves, and from waves of light to crashing waves on the ocean. Mike Goldsmith explores the fundamental features shared by all w

4、aves in the natural world. Science in the Field Not ticketed, Free This storytelling night features a scientist sharing his favourite memories of gathering first-hand data on various field trips. Come along for inspiring and informative stories straight from the scientists mouth. Join Mark Samuels t

5、o find out more in this fun-filled workshop. Festival Dinner Pre-book, 25 per person Whether you want to explore more about food, or just fancy a talk over a meal, join us to mark the first science festival in London. Which foods should you eat to trick your brain into thinking that you are full? Fi

6、nd out more from Tom Crawford.（1）In which event can you decide the payment? A.Walk on the Wild SideB.Introduction to WavesC.Science in the FieldD.Festival Dinner（2）Who will talk about experiences of collecting direct data? A.Sarah Law.B.Mike Goldsmith.C.Mark Samuels.D.Tom Crawford.（3）What do the fou

7、r events have in common? A.Family-based.B.Science-themed.C.Picked by children.D.Filled with adventures.【答案】 （1）B（2）C（3）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了Smart Kids收集的在十月份举行的四项以科学会主题的活动，以及各个活动的内容和特色。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“This year, it is experimenting with Pay What You Decide (PWYD). That is, you can decide to pay

8、what you want to or can afford”可知PWYD中你可以决定付款，而四项活动中只有Introduction to Waves有PWYD，故选B。 （2）考查细节理解。根据Science in the Field 部分中的“This storytelling night features a scientist sharing his favourite memories of gathering first-hand data on various field trips.”可知Mark Samuels会分享他最喜欢的收集各种实地考察第一手数据的记忆。故选C。 （3）

9、考查主旨大意。根据第二段中的“Join storyteller Sarah Law to hear science stories about animals.”和讲故事的萨拉劳一起来听关于动物的科学故事；第三段中的“Subjects range from sound waves to gravity waves, and from waves of light to crashing waves on the ocean.”实验对象范围从声波到重力波，从光波到撞击海洋的波浪；第四段中的“This storytelling night features a scientist sharing

10、his favourite memories of gathering first-hand data on various field trips.”这位科学家会分享他最喜欢的收集各种实地考察第一手数据的记忆；以及最后一段中的“ Whether you want to explore more about food, or just fancy a talk over a meal, join us to mark the first science festival in London.”无论你是想探索更多关于食物的知识，还是只是想边吃边聊，加入我们来纪念伦敦首届科学节吧。可知这四项活动的

11、共同点都是以科学为主题的，故选B。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。2阅读理解 Shark attacks not only disturb beach activities, but can affect associated tourist industries. Shark nets are a common solution to preventing shark attacks on beaches, but they cause dangers to sea ecosys

12、tems. Seeking a cost-effective way to monitor beach safety over large areas, we have developed a system called Shark Spotter. It combines artificial intelligence (AI), computing power, and drone (无人机) technology to identify and warn lifesavers to sharks near swimmers. The project is a cooperation be

13、tween the University of Technology Sydney and The Ripper Group, which is pioneering the use of dronescalled Westpac Little Ripper Lifesaversin the search and rescue movement in Australia. SharkSpotter can detect sharks and other potential threats using real-time aerial imagery. The system analyses v

14、ideo from a camera attached to a drone to monitor beaches for sharks, send warnings, and conduct rescues. Developed with techniques known as deep learning, the Shark Spotter system receives imagery from the drone camera and attempts to identify all objects in the scene. Once certain objects are dete

15、cted, they are put into one of 16 categories: shark, whale, dolphin, rays, different types of boats, surfers, and swimmers. If a shark is detected, Shark Spotter provides both a visual sign on the computer screen and an audible warning to the operator. The operator confirms the warning and sends tex

16、t messages from the Shark Spotter system to the Surf Life Savers for further action. In an emergency, the drone is equipped with a lifesaving flotation pod (漂浮仓) together with an electronic shark repellent (驱逐装置) that can be dropped into the water in cases where swimmers are in severe trouble, trapp

17、ed in a rip, or if there are sharks close by. In January 2018, the Westpac Little Ripper Lifesavers was used to rescue two young swimmers caught in a rip at Lennox Head, NSW. The drone flew down the beach some 800 meters from the lifeguard station, and a lifesaving flotation pod was dropped from the

18、 drone. The complete rescue operation took 70 seconds. We believe Shark Spotter is a win-win for both marine life and beachgoers. This unique technology combines dynamic video image processing AI and advanced drone technology to creatively deal with the global challenge of ensuring safe beaches, pro

19、tecting environments, and promoting tourism.（1）A Shark Spotter is _. A.a solution to monitor sharksB.an equipment to identify lifesaversC.a technology to prevent shark attacksD.a project to pioneer the use of drones（2）When a shark is spotted near a swimmer, the system will _. A.take timely actionB.a

20、nalyze the visual dataC.classify the identified objectsD.turn on deep learning mode（3）The example in the 5th paragraph shows us that the system is _. A.efficient in saving livesB.effective in detecting sharksC.smart in driving sharks awayD.practical over the whole sea area（4）What is the authors atti

21、tude towards the future of SharkSpotter? A.Doubtful.B.Optimistic.C.Negative.D.Objective.【答案】 （1）C（2）A（3）A（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一种旨在防止鲨鱼袭击的技术Shark Spotter的工作原理以及重要意义。 （1）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的”If a shark is detected, Shark Spotter provides both a visual sign on the computer screen and an audible warning t

22、o the operator. The operator confirms the warning and sends text messages from the Shark Spotter system to the Surf Life Savers for further action.“如果鲨鱼被发现，Shark Spotter会在电脑屏幕上显示视觉讯号，并向操作员发出听觉警告。操作员确认了警告，并从鲨鱼观测者系统向冲浪救生员发送短信，以便采取进一步行动。可推断出Shark Spotter是一种防止鲨鱼袭击的技术，故选C。 （2）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的”In an emergen

23、cy, the drone is equipped with a lifesaving flotation pod (漂浮仓) together with an electronic shark repellent (驱逐装置) that can be dropped into the water in cases where swimmers are in severe trouble, trapped in a rip, or if there are sharks close by.“在紧急情况下，无人机配备了一个救生浮选舱和一个电子防鲨器，当游泳者遇到严重麻烦、被困在裂口或附近有鲨鱼时

24、，可以将防鲨器放入水中。可知当在游泳者附近发现鲨鱼时，系统会及时采取行动，故选A。 （3）考查推理判断。根据第五段”In January 2018, the Westpac Little Ripper Lifesavers was used to rescue two young swimmers caught in a rip at Lennox Head, NSW. The drone flew down the beach some 800 meters from the lifeguard station, and a lifesaving flotation pod was drop

25、ped from the drone. The complete rescue operation took 70 seconds.“2018年1月，西太平洋小开创者救生员队(Westpac Little Ripper Lifesavers)被用来营救两名在新南威尔士州伦诺克斯海德(Lennox Head)被困的年轻游泳者。这架无人机从距离救生站800米的海滩上飞下来，一个救生浮筒从无人机上掉了下来。整个营救行动耗时70秒。可推知第五段的例子告诉我们这个系统在拯救生命方面是有效的，故选A。 （4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的”We believe Shark Spotter is a win

26、-win for both marine life and beachgoers.“我们相信Shark Spotter对海洋生物和海滩游客来说都是双赢的。可知作者对Shark Spotter的未来持乐观的态度。故选B。 【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需要根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。3阅读理解 Yellowstone National Park is the flagship of the National Park Service and a favorite to millions of visitors each year. The park

27、is a major destination for all members of the family. By driving the grand loop road, visitors can view the park from the comfort of their vehicle and also take a rest at one of the many roadside picnic areas. How much is the entrance fee? $25 - Private, noncommercial vehicle; $20 - Motorcycle or sn

28、owmobile (winter); $12 - Visitors 16 and older entering by foot, bike, ski, etc. This fee provides the visitor with a 7-day entrance permit for both Yellowstone and Grand Teton National Parks. A $50 park annual pass provides entrance for a single private non-commercial vehicle at Yellowstone and Gra

29、nd Teton National Parks. The $10 Interagency Senior Pass (62 and older) is a lifetime pass available to U.S. citizens or permanent residents. Where can you stay? Inside Yellowstone, you can choose to stay in modern or historic hotels and cabins inside the park like the Old Faithful Inn, the worlds l

30、argest log structure. For those who want to be a little closer to nature, there are 12 campgrounds with a range of services from primitive pit toilets to shower and laundry facilities. Theres also RV camping with and without dumping stations. Staying outside the park gives you unique Old West experi

31、ences but still keeps you close to park attractions. If youre taking a road trip to Yellowstone, youll want to check out our Hotels and Cabins On The Road section.（1）The entrance fees listed on the web page dont apply to _. A.temporary residents in the USAB.vehicles involving business activitiesC.vi

32、sitors out of a certain age rangeD.private motorcycles and snowmobiles（2）What are you likely to acquire in the Old Faithful Inn? A.Unique old west experiences.B.Primitive pit toilets and shower.C.Knowledge of origin of the park.D.RV camping with dumping sites.（3）Where does the passage probably come

33、from? A.A magazine.B.A textbook.C.A notice.D.A travel guide.【答案】 （1）B（2）C（3）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了黄石公园的门票以及可以选择的住宿及游玩的地方。 （1）考查细节理解。根据小标题“How much is the entrance fee?”下分别列出了私家非商务车入园的价格，摩托车或雪地车（冬季）入园的价格以及16岁以上的人步行、骑自行车或带滑雪板入园的价格，没有涉及到商务车入园的价格。故选B。 （2）考查推理判断。根据Where can you stay?部分中的“Inside Yellowsto

34、ne, you can choose to stay in modern or historic hotels and cabins inside the park like the Old Faithful Inn, the worlds largest log structure.”在黄石公园里边，你可以呆在像the Old Faithful Inn这样的旅馆里，有现代的、历史的旅馆和小棚屋。，由其中的historic及morden可知，我们有可能从这些建筑中了解公园的起源。故选C。 （3）考查推理判断。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了黄石公园的门票及游玩住宿的地方，并且主要是提供给大家一些信息，

35、所以应出自于与旅游指南。故选D。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。4阅读理解 The founder of electric supercar maker Rimac has said it wont make sense for people to own or drive their own cars in the coming decades. According to Rimac, most people will no longer own or operate their

36、own cars in the future. Instead, vehicles will be shared, selfdriving and electric. These changes are already starting. There will be people who still want to own their cars and drive their cars and I am happy for that because that is our business, Rimac said. Long term, I think 20 years down the ro

37、ad, it will be totally changed and people will not own or drive their cars anymore. Rimacs most recent car, the CTwo, comes off the production line next year. Rimac is well aware the industry is changing quickly due to the rise of self-driving vehicles and electric batteries, and says in the next 20

38、 years driving as we know it may exist mainly as a hobby. I really believe that humanity goes for things that make sense. he told Newsweek. If you look at 1.3 million people dying every year on the roads, if you look at the impact it has on economies based on traffic jams and time lost, its so much

39、of a negative impact to society that I think such a huge benefit can be gained if people stop driving. Lets look into the future. You are standing in front of the choice of either investing a huge amount of your money in buying a hunk of metal and plastic for 30, 40, 50 thousand dollars, or you have

40、 the convenient option of paying as you go, the car picks you up in a few minutes, its a nice environment and you spend a few dollars per day on your transport. When you take the driver out of the car, transport can be much cheaper and you can use the time to do other things, instead of sitting behi

41、nd a steering(转向)wheel and not doing anything else. So I think the choice for the vast majority of people will be the obvious one.（1）What can we learn from paragraph 2? A.The majority of people will purchase cars.B.Huge changes will take place in car industry.C.Driving cars will enjoy more popularit

42、y.D.The car business is gradually disappearing.（2）What is a major cause of the fast change in the car industry? A.The rapid growth of self-driving cars.B.The rise of shared vehicles.C.The increasing demand of customers.D.The advanced production line.（3）How does Rima feel about the future of self-dri

43、ving cars? A.Uncertain.B.Confused.C.Optimistic.D.Frightened.（4）What can be a suitable title for the text? A.Self-driving cars meet new challenges.B.Self-driving cars avoid human errors.C.Possessing or driving cars wont be a must.D.Conventional cars will be completely replaced.【答案】 （1）B（2）A（3）C（4）C 【

44、解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，讲述了由于自动驾驶车辆和电池的兴起，在不远的将来人们不用再买车和驾车，此外自动驾驶车辆将给社会和环境带来巨大好。 （1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Long term, I think 20 years down the road, it will be totally changed and people will not own or drive their cars anymore.”可知，20年后交通会有巨大的变化，人们将不会拥有或者驾驶车辆，由此可推测将来汽车产业将会发生巨大变大。故选B。 （2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Rimac is wel

45、l aware the industry is changing quickly due to the rise of self-driving vehicles and electric batteries,“可知汽车产业的巨大变化是由自动驾驶车辆和电池的兴起导致。故选A。 （3）考查推理判断。根据第五段中的”So I think the choice for the vast majority of people will be the obvious one.”可知Rimac认为很多人都会选择自动驾驶车辆，故推测Rimac对自动驾驶车辆的未来非常乐观。选C。 （4）考查主旨大意。根据第一

46、段中的“The founder of electric supercar maker Rimac has said it wont make sense for people to own or drive their own cars in the coming decades.“和下文所讲述的内容可知，本文主要围绕将来人们不用再拥有和驾驶车辆展开。故选C。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。5阅读理解 The idea that computers have some amount of intelligence is not new, says Ralph Haupter, the president of Microsoft Asia, pointing as far back as 1950 when comput