50套高中英语阅读理解(科普环保)及解析.doc
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1、50套高中英语阅读理解(科普环保)及解析一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1犇犇阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。 Moving in with a boyfriend causes women to eat more unhealthily and put on weight. But the opposite is true for men, whose long-term health benefits when they move in with a female partner. Dieticians at Newcastle University sai
2、d both partners try to please one another, and so change their dietary habits to suit their other half. It leads men to eat more light meals, such as salads, fruit and vegetables, while women choose to make creamier, heavier dishes curry or rich pasta sauces, which may please their partner. Women st
3、ill have the strongest long-term influence over the couples diet and lifestyle, as they still have the traditional role of shopper and cook in most households. The report, by Newcastle Universitys Human Nutrition Research Centre, reviewed the finding of a variety of research projects from the UK, No
4、rth America and Australia, which looked at the eating and lifestyle habits of couples. The research shows that women are more likely to put on weight and increase their consumption of foods high in fat and sugar when they move in with their partner Women also use food as a comfort when dealing with
5、emotional stress and have been found to gain weight when a relationship ends, while the same finding has not been observed in men. Many couples reported food as being central to their partnership, and eating together in the evening was particularly important to many. Report author and registered die
6、tician Dr. Amelia Lake said, The research has shown that your partner is a strong influence on lifestyle and people who are trying to live healthier lives should take this factor into consideration.(1)According to the passage, moving in with a girlfriend, men _. A.have few changes of their dietary h
7、abitsB.have to eat more unhealthy foodsC.dont like foods high in fat and sugar at allD.try to eat foods that their girlfriends like(2)The underlined word light (in Paragraph 4) probably means _. A.not very heavyB.less in fat and sugarC.gentleD.not serious or important(3)According to the report by Ne
8、wcastle Universitys Human Nutrition Research Centre, _. A.women put on weight only because they want to suit their other halfB.when men are faced with emotional stress, they will change their dietary habitsC.eating together in the evening is a good way to communicate for couplesD.it is wrong to chan
9、ge your dietary habits to suit your partner(4)From the passage, we can infer that _. A.women should pay more attention to their partners influence on themB.more men will play roles of shopper and cook in most householdsC.couples will not change their dietary habits and lifestyle to please their part
10、nerD.long-term health of men benefits when they move in with a female partner(5)What would be the best title for the passage? A.Dont be silly any more, women!B.Which are better dietary habits?C.Boyfriends make you fatD.Dr. Amelia Lake and his study【答案】 (1)D(2)B(3)C(4)A(5)C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,纽卡斯尔大学的营养
11、学专家的研究表明,同居让女人发胖让男人更健康。 (1)考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“which may please their partner”可知,男女双方会改变自己的饮食习惯来迎合对方,因此男士会吃他的女伴喜欢吃的食物。故选D。 (2)考查词义猜测。根据第四段中的“salads, fruit and vegetables”可推断,light在此是“清淡的”的意思,脂肪和糖的含量比较少。故选B。 (3)考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“eating together in the evening was particularly important to many.”晚上一起吃饭对许多人来
12、说特别重要,可知选C。 (4)考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“The research has shown that your partner is a strong influence on lifestyle and people who are trying to live healthier lives should take this factor into consideration.”研究表明你的伴侣对你的生活方式有很大的影响,那些试图过上健康生活的人应该考虑到这一因素。可选A。 (5)考查主旨大意。纽卡斯尔大学的营养学专家的研究表明,同居让女人发胖让男人更健康。C项幽默风趣,能
13、吸引读者的注意,并切中文章的主题。故选C。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,词义猜测,推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查,是一篇科研类阅读,要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行分析,推理,概括和归纳,从而选出正确答案。2犇犇阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。 Throughout much of human history, man has been the measure of many, if not all, things. Lengths were divided up into feet and smaller units fr
14、om the human hand. Other measures were equally characteristic. Mediterranean traders for centuries used the weight of grains of wheat to define (定义) their units of mass. The Romans used libra, forerunner of the pound, by referring to the weight of a carob (角豆树) seed. The sizes of similarly named uni
15、ts could also differ. The kings foot, used in France for nearly 1, 000 years after its introduction by Charlemagne in around 790 AD, was, at 32.5cm, around a centimeter shorter than the Belgic foot, used in England until 1300.Greek, Egyptian and Babylonian versions of water in a fixed container vari
16、ed from one another by a few kilos, Nor was there agreement on such things within countries. In France, where there was no unified (统一的) measurement system at the national level, the situation was particularly terrible. The lieue (former measure of distance), for example, varied from just over 3 km
17、in the north to nearly 6 km in the south. Although John Wilkins, an Englishman, first put forward a decimal system (十进制) of measurement in 1668, it was the French who in 1799 made it law. The Systme International dUnits (SI, or the metric system, as it is better known) developed from it and became t
18、he official measurement in all countries except Myanmar, Liberia and the United States. Now the International Bureau of Weights and Measures in Paris is set to give the metric system its biggest shake-up yet. At a meeting in Versailles, France, on November 16th, 2018, the worlds measurement bodies a
19、re almost certain to approve a decision that will mean four out of the seven base SI units, including the kilogram, will follow the other three, including the metre, in being redefined in terms of the values of physical constants (物理常数).Each of the chosen constants has been measured incredibly preci
20、sely, which would mean that from May 20th 2019 the constants will themselves be fixed at their current values for ever. Any laboratory in the world will then be able to measure, for example, the mass of an object as precisely as the accuracy of their equipment will allow.(1)What does Paragraph 1 mai
21、nly tell us? A.Pound went before libra in measurement.B.Different things used to be adopted as measures.C.Grains were accepted as measures by the Romans.D.Fixed measurement systems were gradually formed.(2)How does the author develop the second paragraph? A.In time order.B.By analysis.C.In space ord
22、er.D.By comparison.(3)Which of the following countries used SI as an official measurement? A.France.B.Liberia.C.America.D.Myanmar.(4)What will the worlds measurement bodies achieve at the meeting held in Versailles? A.They will come up with seven new SI units.B.They will set May 20th as a new intern
23、ational festival.C.They will redefine four SI units including the kilogram.D.They will decide on a new measure used in the laboratory.【答案】 (1)B(2)D(3)A(4)C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,法国凡尔赛宫举办的国际计量大会,将对目前使用的国际单位制中的四个基本单位进行重新定义,其中包括对千克的重新定义。 (1)考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“man has been the measure of many, if not all, things
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