2022人教新目标八年级上册英语Unit-1-3知识点和测试题.docx

1、Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?本单元的语法：1.复习一般过去时;2.学习不定代词和不定副词的用法。一、不定代词(1)左边的some、any、every、no与右边的body、one、thing构成不定代词，some、any、every、no与右边的疑问副词where构成不定副词;(2)一般情况下以some开头的不定代词和不定副词用于肯定句，以any开头的不定代词和不定副词用于否定句、疑问句;以no开头的不定代词和不定副词表示否定含义(no one为两个单词);(3)不定代词或不定副词和形容词连用时，形容词放在后面。He has something im

2、portant to do.他有重要的事情要做。(肯定句用something，形容词important放后)Did you buy anything special? (一般疑问句用anything，形容词special放后)Did you go anywhere interesting last month?上个月你去令人感兴趣的地方了吗?(一般疑问句用不定副词anywhere，形容词interesting放后)(4)不定代词和不定副词做主语时，后面的动词用单数形式。 Everyone is here today. 今天每个人都在这里。二、重点短语1. go on vacation去度假 2

3、.go to the mountains 上山/进山3.stay at home呆在家 4.go to the beach去海滩 5. visit museums 参观博物馆 6. go to summer camp去参观夏令营 7. study for tests为考试而学习备考8. go out出去9. quite a few相当多,不少(后跟可数名词复数)10. take photos照相 11. most of the time大部分时间 12.buy sth for sb = buy sb sth为某人买某物 13. taste good. 尝起来很好taste(尝起来)、look(

4、看起来)、sound(听起来)为感官动词，后跟形容词14. have a goodgreatfun time过得高兴，玩得愉快(=enjoy oneself) 15. nothingbut+动词原形：除了之外什么都没有He had nothing to do at home but read yesterday.昨天他在家除了读书无事可做。16.keep a diary记日记 17. in the past 在过去三、重点单词1. seem to do sth: 好像 I seem to know him.我好像认识他。seem+(to be)+形容词：看起来The work seems(to

5、 be)easy.这工作看起来很容易。2. arrive in+大地方 arrive at + 小地点 get to + 地点 若是arrive和get后跟home、there、here三个地点副词，后面的介词inatto必须去掉。Tom got home yesterday evening=Tom arrived home yesterday evening.3.decide to do sth:决定做某事 decision 名词 make a decision4. try doing sth.尝试做某事try to do sth.尽力去做某事5. feel like doing sth 想

6、要做某事6. too many 太多，后接可数名词复数。 too much 太多，后跟不可数名词，修饰动词作状语。much too 太，后跟形容词或副词 分辨三者的口诀： too much, much too, 用法区别看后头:much 后接不可数,too 后修饰形或副。too many 要记住，后面名词必复数。7. because of 因为,后接名词、代词或动名词，不能接句子。because因为，后跟句子。He was late for school because of getting up late.= He was late for school because he got up

7、late.8. enough(足够的)与名词连用，一般放在名词前He has enough money . enough(足够的)与形容词或副词连用，enough放在后面。He is old enough to go to school.9. forget doing sth.忘记已经做过某事(已经做完)forget to do sth.忘记去做某事(还未做)10. so+形容词+that+句子：如此以至于too+形容词+to do sth：太以至于不能形容词+enough to do sth：足够能够做某事(注意三个句型有时可以互换)He is so young that he cant g

8、o to school.= He is too young to go to school.= He isnt old enough to go to school.Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?语法练习 复合不定式、过去式1.The children decided_ their schoolyard this Friday afternoon. A.clean B.to clean C.cleaning D.cleaned2.-The meat is_delicious.-Yes,but dont eat_. A.too much; too muc

9、h B.much too;too much C.too many; many too D.many too; many too3.Im hungry. I want_ to eat. A.anything B.somethingC.everything D.nothing4.-Do you have_ to do?-No,I have_ to do. A.something;everything B.nothing;something C.everything;anything D.anything;nothing5.-Is there_ in todays newspaper?-No,thi

10、ng. A.anything important B.something important C.important anything D.important something6.Why not ask_ to help? A.everyone B.someone C.anyone D.no one7.Everything_ ready. We can start now. A.are B.be C.were D.is8.Would you like_ to drink? A.something B.anything C.everything D.nothing9.-The cakes ar

11、e quite delicious!Can I have one more? -Sorry,there is_ left. What about some biscuits? A.none B.no one C.nothing D.nobody10.-Where did your family_ last week?-We_ to the beach. A.go; go B.go; went C.went; go D.went; went11.Jenny and I_baseball the day before yesterday. She did better than me. A.pla

12、y B.were played C.played D.are playing12.Mr.Black is out. But he_ here a few minutes ago. A.is B.are C.was D.were13.-Why didnt you buy any bread?-Sorry, I_. A.forget B.forgot C.remember D.remembered14.The old man_ the young man_ some delicious food. A.want;buy B.wanted;to buy C.wanted;bought D.want

13、to;to buy二、阅读练习语法选择I grew up in a small town in Ohio, the USA.There 1 a man in my town named Bob.He couldnt talk clearly and didnt receive much education.So children in the town all thought he was silly(愚蠢的) and often played jokes on 2.One day, when I met Bob, I decided to play a joke on him just 3

14、the other children.He asked what I was doing.I told him that my father 4 his job, and that we didnt have enough money to live.Seeing my friends 5 far from us, I decided to continue to tell lies (谎言).I knew he was poor, 6 it seemed funny when he asked me if we needed anything.I told him that we didnt

15、 know 7 we would have enough to eat or not.The next morning, I went out and found a box of food outside my house.I knew it was from Bob.I looked at the small box in shame, and wanted 8 the box.My father 9 me.He said it would hurt Bobs feelings.From that day on, when we had dinner, I would think of 1

16、0 small box.Bob gave me the best he had, and I knew that I should not have been given that gift.()1.A.hasB.isC.hadD.was()2.A.heB.himC.hisD.himself()3.A.byB.ofC.forD.like()4.A.loseB.losesC.lostD.is losing()5.A.laughsB.laughingC.laughedD.to laugh()6.A.althoughB.becauseC.untilD.so()7.A.ifB.whetherC.tha

17、tD.what()8.A.returnB.to returnC.returningD.to returning()9.A.stopsB.stoppedC.is stopping D.will stop()10.A.aB.anC.theD./答案：1-5 DBDCB 6-10 DBBBCOne day, a little monkey was having a sleep in a tree. Suddenly he was awakened (被惊醒)by a kind of a cry for help. Opening up his eyes, the monkey found a man

18、tis(螳螂). A black bird1 to attack(攻击)him. Without thinking, the monkey jumped over and frightened away the bird. “Thank you very much for2my life, Mr.Monkey,” the mantis said.“It is my pleasure,” the monkey replied and then jumped to3 tree to look for fun. “Saving an animals life is wonderful,” 4 mon

19、key said to himself.At this moment, he suddenly heard another cry, 5 it was more than one cry. The monkey quickly found four small birds crying6 a nest(巢). They said they cried because they were hungry. “I think I7if Mum does not bring food home soon,” one baby bird cried to the other ones.Then, the

20、 mother bird flew back. “My dear children, Im8 sorry that I cant bring you any food this trip.A moment ago, I was almost sure to catch a big mantis. But a naughty monkey made me9. Now Ill fly to a place where I can find food for you.”10upset the monkey felt after hearing this! He went to talk with t

21、he cleverest elephant in the world. “You didnt do anything wrong,” the elephant replied.“In the world, nobody can take care of everyone.”()1.A.preparedB.was preparing C.preparesD.is preparing()2.A.savingB.to saveC.saveD.saved()3.A.otherB.the otherC.othersD.another()4.A.aB.anC.theD./()5.A.butB.andC.a

22、sD.or()6.A.inB.onC.atD.of()7.A.will dieB.dieC.diedD.was dying()8.A.noB.notC.soD.such()9.A.failingB.failC.to failD.failed()10.A.HowB.How aC.WhatD.What an答案： 1-5 BADCA 6-10 AACBA Unit2 How often do you exercise? 一、重点短语 help with housework 帮助做家务 on weekends 在周末 how often 多久一次 hardly ever 几乎从不 once a we

23、ek 每周一次 twice a month 每月两次 be free 有空 go to the movies 去看电影 use the Internet 用互联网 swing dance 摇摆舞 play tennis 打网球 stay up late 熬夜；睡得很晚 go to bed early 早点睡觉 play sports 进行体育活动 be good for 对有好处 go camping 去野营 notat all 一点儿也不 in ones free time 在某人的业余时间 the most popular 最受欢迎的 such as 比如；诸如 old habits di

24、e hard 积习难改 go to the dentist 去看牙医 more than 多于；超过 less than 少于 at least 至少 have dance and piano lessons 上舞蹈课和钢琴课 二、句型荟萃 help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事 How about? .怎么样？/ 好不好？ want sb. to do sth. 想让某人做某事 How many+可数名词复数+一般疑问句？ 有多少? 主+find+that从句. 发现 spend time with sb. 和某人一起度过时光 Its+ adj.+ to do sth. 做某事

25、是的。 ask sb. about sth. 向某人询问某事 by doing sth. 通过做某事 Whats your favorite? 你最喜爱的是什么？ the best way to do sth. 做某事的最好方式 三、单元语法频度副词1.频度副词：表示动作发生间隔（既频率）的副词。它们有：always ; usually ; often ; sometimes ; seldom ； hardly ever ; never 等。2. how often 意为“多久一次”，用来提问在某一段时间内进行某个动作的频率。其回答通常是 often、sometimes、never、hardl

26、y ever、always、once a day、once a week等等表示频率的副词或是短语。 例: - She hardly ever watches TV. （划线提问） - How often does she watch TV? 例句理解：1. What do you usually do on weekends? I often go to the movies. 2. How often do you shop？ I shop once a week. 3. How often does she exercise? She exercises every day.都用how

27、often进行提问 3. 频度副词：表示频率不确定 频率短语表示频率确定(1)不确定的频度副词always（100%） usually（约80%90%） often（约60%） sometimes（约30%） seldom（约20%） hardly ever（约10%） never（0%）(2)表示确定的频率短语 every day/week/month/year 每天/周/月/年 once a week 每周一次 twice a week 每周两次 twice a month 一月两次three times a day 一天三次注：三次或三次以上一般用“基数词times”表示。 (3)在句中

28、位置：频度副词在句中通常放在be动词、助动词、情态动词之后，在实义动词之前。例：She is often late for school.I can never be sure.He always helps me.课堂巩固练习: 一、对划线部分提问 1）He always plays basketball after school. _ does he always _ after school? 2) They hardly ever play football. _ _ _ they play football? 二、单项选择( ) 1. -How often _ she exercis

29、e? -Twice a week. A. do B. does C. doing D. did( ) 2. I _ like to drink milk. A. not B. doesnt C. dont D. no( )3.-_do you go swimming ? -Sometimes. A. How often B. How long C. how many D. How old( )4. Katrina watches TV once _ week. A. a B. the C. an D. 知识扩展：1. how long 多久（用来提问有多长时间） 回答通常是more than

30、two weeks、for a week、ten years等表示一段时间的状语。 例：How long did you study English in China? For three weeks.2. how soon 用来提问“需要多长时间才会”，指某一动作要多长时间以后才能完成或发生。 回答通常是“in一段时间” 例：How soon will you come back？ In a week.【活学活用】1.用how far, how often, how long填空。 1) does she usually exercise? 2) is it from your home t

31、o the school? 3) have you been away from (离开) your hometown? 答案：1)How often 2)How far 3)How long 2.了解下列频率副词，写出其汉语意思. always (100%)_ usually (80%)_ often (60%)_ sometimes (30%)_ hardly ever(1%)_ never (0%)_ 4.【区别】How often和How many times How often用来提问某个动作间隔多久发生一次，即询问动作发生的频率。通常对一些表示频 率的副词进行提问；也可以对频度短语

32、进行提问。 How many times意思是“多少次”，用来提问做某事的次数，往往就once, twice, three times等词语进行提问。典型例题：1）Li Ming does his homework every day. （就划线部分提问）How often does Li Ming do his homework? 解析：every day属于频度短语，就频度短语提问用How often.2）The old man went to the zoo three times this year.（就划线部分提问）How many times did the old man go

33、to the zoo this year? 解析：这里就次数提问用how many times.课堂巩固：一、用所给词的正确形式填空 1. I watch TV _ (one) a week. 2. He watches TV _ (two) a week. 3. Katrina _ (exercise) every day. 5.语法归纳特殊疑问词How的用法家族成员称呼职责how1)怎样；怎么2)多么1)指询问方式、方法；程度2)构成感叹句how old几岁询问年龄多大。how many多少询问可数名词的数量。how much1)多少(how many的孪生兄)2)多少钱1)询问不可数名词

34、的数量2)询问价钱或钱的数量how far多 远询问两地之间的距离。how often多久一次(表频率)询问做某事多长时间一次。how long1)多久2)多长1)询问做某事花了多长时间2)询问物体的长度how tall多高询问人或物的高度how fast多快询问速度四、单元知识讲解Section A 1. help with housework 帮助做家务 （教材第9页） （1） help with sth. 意为“帮助做某事” 拓展：help sb. with sth. = help sb. （to） do sth. 帮助某人做某事 Eg: I often help him with hi

35、s English. = I often help him (to) learn English. 我经常帮他学习英语。 （2）housework 意为“家务劳动”。不可数名词。 1. They have housework to do. A. many B. much 2. sometimes 有时（教材第9页）辨析：sometimes ，some times ，sometime ， some time sometimes 有时候。=at times也是“有时”的意思。some times 几次。time作可数名词时可作“次数”解；表示“时间”时是不可数名词。sometime 某个时候。可指

36、过去或将来的某个时候。some time 一段时间。常与for连用。对它提问用how long 。 口诀记忆：分开“一段时间” ；相聚“某个时候”。 Eg：Sometimes I get up very late. 有时我起床很晚。 I will go to shanghai sometime next week. 下周某个时候我要去上海。 He reads the story some times. 他读这个故事几遍了。 Ill stay here for some time. 我将会在这儿呆一段时间。 练习： We plan to stay in Hainan for . 我们打算在海南呆

37、一段时间。 I am sure that we have met before. 我肯定我们之前见过几次了。 I have letters from him. 有时我会收到他的来信。 3. hardly ever 几乎不 （教材第9页） hardly ever相当于hardly eg：There is hardly any food left. 几乎没有食物剩下。辨析：hardly 与hard hardly 几乎不，一般位于动词之前。 hard 努力，位于动词之后。 eg：He hardly works. 他几乎不工作。 He works hard. 他工作努力。4. use the Inte

38、rnet 用互联网（教材第10页） use sth. to do sth. 用某物做某事 eg：I use a knife to cut bread. 我用刀切面包。 短语：on the Internet 在网上 ， surf the Internet 网上冲浪，上网 5. Whats your favorite program？ 你最喜欢的节目是什么？（教材第10页）句型：Whats your favorite.? =What. do you like best？你最喜欢的.是什么？ 1.Whats your favorite animal？你最喜欢的动物是什么？ = _ 6. Are you free next week？ 你下周有空吗？（教材第10页） free 意为“空闲的，有空的”，反义词busy。 be free 意为“闲着，