高中英语时态总结.doc

1、广告：本资料由宸轩整理提供广告：本资料由宸轩整理提供 QQ 2222124356 购买潮牌鞋服手表添加微信“2222124356” 上大学丌准备换身潮装备吗！  让你花最实惠的价格买到心仪的商品 买丌买都可以加一下 要是以后有需要呢 谢谢 ovo 英语时态英语时态  一般时态：一般时态： 时态名时态名 称称 结构结构 常连用的词常连用的词 基本用法基本用法 一般现一般现 在时在时 1. be 动词用动词用 am/is/are，后，后 接接 n./a./prep. often; usually; every; sometimes; always; never; seldom;

2、 once/twice/ a week/month/year; on Sundays/Mondays/.; 1) 表示现在存在的习惯，经常发生的动作或存在的状态。表示现在存在的习惯，经常发生的动作或存在的状态。   He takes a walk after supper every day. The children go to school at seven every morning. 2) 表示主语的特征、性格、能力等。表示主语的特征、性格、能力等。 The children draw well. Does she like sports? 3) 表示客观事实或普遍真理。表示

3、客观事实或普遍真理。 The sun rises in the east. Two plus two makes four. Knowledge is power. 4）在时间、条件状语从句中表示将来的动作。）在时间、条件状语从句中表示将来的动作。 When they leave school, they will go to work in Tibet.   If You see him，will you tell him to ring me? We'll visit the cotton mill if it is fine tomorrow. 5）表示安排或计划好的将

4、来的动作）表示安排或计划好的将来的动作(一般只限于某些表示一般只限于某些表示 移动的动词， 如移动的动词， 如 go， come， arrive, leave， begin, start 等等)，这种安排很固定，不易改变。，这种安排很固定，不易改变。 The train starts at ten o'clock in the morning. The film begins in a minute. 2. 行为动词用行为动词用 v.或或 v.-s、-es. When does the Japanese Youth delegation leave for Xian? 一般过一般过 去

5、时去时 1be 动词用过动词用过 去式去式 was 或或 were 表示。表示。 yesterday; the day before yesterday; last week/month/year/.; ago; a moment ago; just now; on/in+过去的时间过去的时间; 1) 表示过去的动作或状态表示过去的动作或状态 We had a good swim last Sunday. She suddenly fell ill yesterday. 2) 叙述过去连续发生的一件件事。叙述过去连续发生的一件件事。 He got up early in the morning

6、， fetched water， swept the yard and then went out to work. 3) 表示过去一段时间内经常或反复发生的动作。表示过去一段时间内经常或反复发生的动作。 When my brother was a teenager，he played table tennis almost every day. It used to be difficult to get drinking water here. 其他用法：其他用法： (1) 在宾语从句中，由于时态呼应的关系，可用一般过去在宾语从句中，由于时态呼应的关系，可用一般过去 时表示现时表示现在在：

7、 I didnt know you were here. 我不知道你在这我不知道你在这 儿。儿。(were 实际上指现在实际上指现在) I didnt know you were so busy我没想到你这我没想到你这 么忙。么忙。(were 实际上指现在实际上指现在) (2) 表示客气委婉的现在表示客气委婉的现在： I wondered if you were free this evening. 不知不知 您今晚是否有空。您今晚是否有空。 I thought you might like some flowers. 我想您我想您 也许想要些花。也许想要些花。 【注】能这样有的动词主要限于【

8、注】能这样有的动词主要限于 want, wonder, think, hope, intend 等少数动词。等少数动词。 (3) 用于某些特殊结构中用于某些特殊结构中: Its time we started. 我们该动身了。我们该动身了。 I wish I knew his name. 要是我知道他的名字就要是我知道他的名字就 好了。好了。 Id rather you lived closer to us. 我希望你能住我希望你能住 得离我们近点。得离我们近点。 【注】该用法主要用于【注】该用法主要用于 its (high) time, I wish, Id rather, if only,

9、 as if, as though 等少数结构后接从句等少数结构后接从句 的情形。的情形。 (4) 表主观想法的虚拟条表主观想法的虚拟条件句也用一般过去时表示现在件句也用一般过去时表示现在： If I had the money now Id buy a car. 假若我现假若我现 在有钱，我就买辆小汽车。在有钱，我就买辆小汽车。 (5) 当主句中的谓语动词是现在完成时，当主句中的谓语动词是现在完成时，since 引导的从引导的从 句用一般过去时。句用一般过去时。 I have lived in the house since I came to the city. Great changes

10、 have taken place since I visited the city. 2. 行为动词用行为动词用 V-ed。 一般将一般将 来时来时 1. will+v. tomorrow, the day after tomorrow; soon; next week/month/year/.; the week/month/year/. after next; on/in +将来的时间；将来的时间； in+一段时间；一段时间；. 1)表示将来的动作或状态。表示将来的动作或状态。 My daughter will be twelve years old tomorrow. The indo

11、or swimming pool will be open to the public from October 16. 2)表示将来经常发生的动作。表示将来经常发生的动作。 We shall work in this factory every day. 2. is/am/are+go ing to+V，表示，表示 计划打算做什么计划打算做什么 事。事。 其他形式其他形式 1)“be going to + v.''多用于口语中，常表示打算、即将、决心去做的事或可能要发生多用于口语中，常表示打算、即将、决心去做的事或可能要发生 的事。如：的事。如： We are going t

12、o visit the Museum of Chinese History.我们要去参观中国历史我们要去参观中国历史 博物馆。博物馆。(表打算表打算) Tom studies very hard. He is going to try for a scholarship.汤姆学习非常努汤姆学习非常努 力，他将争取获得奖学金。力，他将争取获得奖学金。(表决心表决心) Look at those clouds. It's going to rain.瞧那些云，要下雨了。瞧那些云，要下雨了。(表估计可能表估计可能) The wall is going to collapse! 那墙要倒塌了那

13、墙要倒塌了? (即将即将) 2) go, come, leave, start 等表示移动的动词， 可用现在进行时来表示即将发生的动作等表示移动的动词， 可用现在进行时来表示即将发生的动作。   She is going to the dentist tomorrow because she is having a toothache. I'm coming. 3)“be about to + v.“表示即将发生的动作。如：表示即将发生的动作。如： The English evening is about to begin.英语晚会即将开始。英语晚会即将开始。 We are

14、about to leave，so there is no time to visit him now.我们就要离开我们就要离开 了，所以现在没有时间去看他。了，所以现在没有时间去看他。 4)“be to do“表示安排或计划好了的动作等。如：表示安排或计划好了的动作等。如： The boys are to go to school next week.这些男孩子下周要上学了。这些男孩子下周要上学了。 He and I are to meet at the Shanghai Railway Station.他和我约定在上海火他和我约定在上海火 车站见面。车站见面。 I'm to be

15、home before midnight.我午夜前回家。我午夜前回家。 过去将过去将 来时来时 was/were going to +V 原原 形形 表示对于过去某一时间而言将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常用在宾语从句中。表示对于过去某一时间而言将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常用在宾语从句中。 They wanted to know when you would finish the article. We asked him where we should go to work next week. would +V 原形原形 其他形式其他形式 I was told that the press

16、 conference was to be held the next day. I was about to leave when it began to rain. He told me he was leaving soon. 进行时态：进行时态：  时态时态 名称名称 结构结构 常连用的词常连用的词 主要用法主要用法 现在现在 进行进行 时时 is/am/are+V-ing  now； at present; at the moment; Look!(放在句首放在句首); 1) 表示此时此刻表示此时此刻(说话人说话时说话人说话时)正在进行的动作正在进行的动作。 Wh

17、at are you doing? I'm doing some washing. Look! It is snowing. Listen! (放在句首放在句首); 2) 表示现阶段正在进行着的动作，虽然此时此刻这个动作可能表示现阶段正在进行着的动作，虽然此时此刻这个动作可能 并不在进行。并不在进行。 He is working on a paper. They are compiling a dictionary. 3) 有时可表示将来发生的动作， 有有时可表示将来发生的动作， 有“意图意图“或或“打算打算“的含义的含义(用于用于 go，come，stay，leave，start 等

18、表示移动的动词等表示移动的动词)。 They are taking the children to the zoo on Sunday. What are you doing next Sunday? I'm going on a picnic with my wife and daughter. 过去过去 进行进行 时时 was/were+V-ing at that time; at this time yesterday; at+时间点时间点 +yesterday/lastnight; at that moment; 1) 表示表示过去一段时间正在发生的动作。过去一段时间正在发生的

19、动作。 I was practicing the violin at eight o'clock yesterday evening. She was reading an English magazine when I came in. 2）表示移动的动词）表示移动的动词 go，come，start，stay，leave 等的过去等的过去 进行时，可以表示过去将进行时，可以表示过去将来发生的动作。来发生的动作。 They wanted to know when we were leaving for Shanghai. 将来将来 进行进行 时时 will/shall be v-ing

20、 at this time +将来时间将来时间 点点 1）表示在将来某一时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作。）表示在将来某一时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作。 This time tomorrow I shall be flying to Guangzhou. What will you be doing at eight tomorrow morning? 2）表示将来被客观情况所决定的动作或者按）表示将来被客观情况所决定的动作或者按照安排将要发生的照安排将要发生的 动作。动作。 We'll be having tea after dinner as usual. The leaves wil

21、l be falling soon. 过去过去 将来将来 进行进行 时时 should/would be v-ing 1) 表示在过去的将来的某一时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作。表示在过去的将来的某一时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作。 He asked me what I should be doing at ten the next day. They said that they would be expecting us the next week. 2) 表示在过去某一时间之后即将或按计划进行的动作。表示在过去某一时间之后即将或按计划进行的动作。 He said he could not c

22、ome because he would be having a meeting. 完成时态：完成时态：  时态时态 名称名称 结构结构 常连用的词常连用的词 主要用法主要用法 现在现在 完成完成 时时 have/has+ p.p（过去分词）（过去分词）  already；just；before; yet(否定句中否定句中)；ever； never；  since +时间点；时间点； since+一段时间一段时间+ago; by+现在时间；现在时间； so far; up to now; till now; until now; recently/lately;

23、1)表示动作到现在为止已经完成或刚完成，汉语常用表示动作到现在为止已经完成或刚完成，汉语常用“了了“或或“过过“来表来表 示。示。 We have already set up many new factories in this area. The new books have not arrived yet. Many westerners have never seen a giant panda. 2）还可表示动作发生在过去，并且一直延续到现在，甚至还可能继续）还可表示动作发生在过去，并且一直延续到现在，甚至还可能继续 延续下去。延续下去。 How long have you been

24、 in Beijing ?  I have been in Beijing for four years. Three years have passed since we left school. Up to now, I have finished two-thirds of the work. 3） 在条件、 时间状语从句中表示将来某个动作发生之前已完成的动作。） 在条件、 时间状语从句中表示将来某个动作发生之前已完成的动作。   Perhaps I'll know more English after I have learnt it for two yea

25、rs. 特别注意：特别注意： 1. This is (It is) the first /second time that 句型中，常用现在完成时。但在“句型中，常用现在完成时。但在“It was the second time that ”中，也能用过去完成时。”中，也能用过去完成时。 This is the second time that I have seen the film. That was the third time that I had visited the place. 2. It is (has been) since 句型中，主句常用现在完成时，从句用一般现在时。句

26、型中，主句常用现在完成时，从句用一般现在时。 It is （has been） three years since I began to work on the state farm. 3.在完成时中，一个瞬间性动词不能和表示一段时间的状语（在完成时中，一个瞬间性动词不能和表示一段时间的状语（for, since, how long 等）连用，此等）连用，此 时必须将该瞬间动词改为延续性动词或状态动词。时必须将该瞬间动词改为延续性动词或状态动词。 buy have borrow keep catch/get a cold have a cold come / arrive/reach/get

27、to be become be go be put on wear join be in go to school be a student die be dead begin/start be on leave be away fall asleep be asleep open be open close/shut be closed end be over marry be married He has come back for three weeks. () He has been back for three weeks. () The writer has died for tw

28、o years. () The writer has been dead for two years. () He has left for 6 days. () He has been away for 6 days. () 过去过去 完成完成 时时 had + p.p（过（过 去分词）去分词） 过去的过去：过去的过去： by+过去的时间；过去的时间； 表表“过去某动作或时间以过去某动作或时间以 前前”的时间状语。的时间状语。 1)过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作以前业已完成的动作。过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作以前业已完成的动作。 By the end of last week we

29、 had learned ten lessons. In the exhibition he saw many oil paintings that he had never seen before. 2) 表示由过去某一时间开始，一直延续到过去另一时间的动作。表示由过去某一时间开始，一直延续到过去另一时间的动作。 It rained yesterday after it had been dry for many months. He said that great changes had taken place in his hometown since 1980. 3) 常用语常用语 n

30、o sooner than 和和 hardly (scarcely) when 句型的主句中，从句用一般过去时。（倒装）句型的主句中，从句用一般过去时。（倒装） No sooner had he reached home than it began to rain.他他 一到家，就开始下雨了。一到家，就开始下雨了。 He had hardly got on the train when the train started out. 他刚上火车，火车就开了。他刚上火车，火车就开了。 4)在在 would rather, would prefer 等后面的从等后面的从句中，如果表示过去句中，如果表

31、示过去 的动作或情况，用过去完成时。的动作或情况，用过去完成时。 Id rather you had been here yesterday.要是你昨晚在这就要是你昨晚在这就 好了。好了。 将来将来 完成完成 时时 will/shall have + p.p by +将来时间将来时间 by the time +将来时间将来时间 表示在将来某一时间以前已经完成的动作。表示在将来某一时间以前已经完成的动作。 By the end of this week， I shall have finished the book. The children will have gone to sleep by

32、 the time we get home. When you come tonight at eight o'clock，I shall have written my paper. 过去过去 将来将来 完成完成 时时 should/would have + p.p 表示在过去的将来的某一时间以前已经完成的动作。表示在过去的将来的某一时间以前已经完成的动作。 He said he would have paid back the money by the end of the week. We told him that we should have returned to the

33、camp by four o'clock. I hoped she would have finished the work before I got back. 完成进行时完成进行时 时态时态 名称名称 结构结构 主要用法主要用法 现在现在 完成完成 进行进行 时时 have/has been + v-ing 表示动作从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在。 现在这个动作可表示动作从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在。 现在这个动作可 能已经终止，也可能仍然在进行着。能已经终止，也可能仍然在进行着。 I have been waiting for you for two hours. He h

34、as been working on the paper all day. -How long have you been learning English?  -I have been learning English for two years. 注意：注意： 有些不能用现在进行时态的动词，如有些不能用现在进行时态的动词，如 be，have，like，love， know，see，hear 等，同样也不能用现在完成进行时，而只能等，同样也不能用现在完成进行时，而只能 用现在完成时。用现在完成时。 She has been ill for a long time. I have n

35、ot seen you for ages. 过去过去 完成完成 进行进行 时时 had been +V-ing 表示动作在过去某一时间之前开始并延续到过去这个时间， 这一表示动作在过去某一时间之前开始并延续到过去这个时间， 这一 动作可能还在进行，也可能已经停止。动作可能还在进行，也可能已经停止。 The baby had been crying for fifteen minutes when her mother came in. The teacher had been teaching for forty years by the time he retired. It seemed

36、to her that the boys had been shouting for a long time. 专项练习专项练习 1. _ a concert next Saturday? A. There will be  B. Will there be  C. There can be  D. There are 2. Its good to see you again, Agnes. This has been our first chance to visit since    from Iran. A. you return &nb

37、sp;   B. you returned  C. you have returned   D. returning 3. If it _ tomorrow, well go roller-skating. A. isnt rain    B. wont rain   C. doesnt rain   D. doesnt fine 4. The reporter said that the UFO _ east to west when he saw it. A. was traveling     B.

38、 traveled  C. had been traveling  D. was to travel 5. Sorry, I cant open the door, for I    the key to it. A. lost      B. lose       C. had lost      D. have lost 6. “ What ' s the matter, Ali? You look sad. ” “ Oh, nothing much.

39、As a matter of fact, I _ of my friends back home. ” A. just thought    B. have just been thinking C. was just thinking D. have just thought 7. Did you expect Frank to come to the party? No, but I had hoped      . A. him coming    B. him to come  C. that he com

40、es    D. that he would come 8. Bob must be very wealthy. Yes, he    more in one day than I do in a week. A. has been earned   B. had earned  C. earns       D. has earned 9. I first met Lisa three years ago. She _ at a radio shop at the time. A. has worked

41、   B. was working  C. had been working D. had worked 10. She _her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband _home. A has left; comes B had left; would come C had left; came D left; had come 11. Zhao Lan _already _in this school for two years. A. was ; studying    B.

42、 will ; study  C. has ; studied     D. are ; studying 12. -Mr Gorden asked me to remind you of the meeting this afternoon . Dont forget it ! -OK. I _ .  A. won't    B. don't    C. will    D. do   13. When I reached home, my parents _thei

43、r supper. A.are having   B.have already had  C.have had     D. had already had 14. She _in this school _the past ten years. A.was teaching, since        B. had been teaching, since  C.would teach, for         D. has been teaching, for

44、15. I first met Tom 10 years ago. He _ in a radio factory at that time. A. had worked  B. has worked C. was working D. has been working 16. - What _ when I phoned you? - I _ my work, and I wanted to go out. A. have you done; finished   B. were you doing; have finished C. did you do; had ju

45、st finished  D. were you doing; had just finished 17. I used to drink a lot of tea but these days I _ coffee. A. prefer  B. preferred C. had preferred  D. am preferring 18. Jim talked for about half an hour yesterday. Never _ him talk so much. A. I heard  B. did I hear  C. I

46、 had heard  D. had I heard 19. He _ articles for our wall-newspaper these three years, and he _ about forty articles. A. has been writing; has written B. had been writing; wrote C. is writing; has been writing  D. has written; has written 20. When he was alive, the old scientist used to sa

47、y that knowledge _ from practice and he gained his experience by doing a lot of practical work. A. was coming  B. had come C. comes  D. would come 21. - How are you planning to travel to Shanghai? - I _ yet, but I _ taking a train. A. didnt decide; am considering   B. havent decided;

48、consider C. havent decided; am considering  D. hadnt decided; have considered 22. - Whos the man over there? - Its Jack. - Oh? _ in Italy. A. I think hes    B. Ive thought hes been C. I thought he was  D. Id thought hed been 23. I thought Jim would say something about his school

49、report, but he _ it.   A. doesnt mention B. hadnt mentioned  C. didnt mention D. hasnt mentioned 24. How long _ each other before they _ married? For about a year. A.have they known; get       B.did they know; get C.do they know; are going to get   D.had they known; got

50、 25. We would like to go and thank him ourselves，but we _ out his address yet, A.havent found    B.hadnt found  C.didnt find     D.dont find 26. Shirley _ a book about China last year but I dont know whether she has finished. A.has written     B.wrote  C.had written     D.was writing 27. Do you know when Tom _ from abroad? Perhaps it will be a long time before he _ back. A