2021届高考英语“典题”专项训练(二十一).docx

1、2021高考英语“典题”专项训练（二十一）text 1You probably know who Marie Curie was, but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson. Of the outstanding ladies listed below, who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years?Jane Addams(18601935)Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane

2、Addams to thank. Addams helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community(社区)by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need. In 1931, Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.Rachel Carson(19071964)If it werent for Rach

3、el Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today. Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the worlds lakes and oceans.Sandra Day OConnor(1930present)When Sandra Day OConnor finished third in her

4、 class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator(参议员)and, in 1981, the first woman to join the U.S. Supreme Court. OConnor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.Ros

5、a Parks(19132005)On December 1,1955, in Montgomery, Alabama, Rosa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger. Her simple act landed Parks in prison. But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott. It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil-rights movement. “The only

6、 tired I was, was tired of giving in,”said Parks. 1.What is Jane Addams noted for in history?A.Her social work.B.Her teaching skills.C.Her efforts to win a prize.D.Her community background.2.What was the reason for OConnors being rejected by the law firm?A.Her lack of proper training in law.B.Her li

7、ttle work experience in court.C.The discrimination against women.D.The poor financial conditions.3.Who made a great contribution to the civil-rights movement in the U.S.?A.Jane Addams. B.Rachel Carson.C.Sandra Day OConnor. D.Rosa Parks.text 2To fight for the conservation of forest ecosystem,several

8、ecologists including Daniel Janzen convinced Del Oro,an orange juice producer,to donate part of their forestland to a national park.In return,Del Oro was allowed to throw large amounts of waste in the form of orange peels (皮) on a 3-hectare piece of land within the national park at no cost.Dealing w

9、ith tons of leftover peels usually involved burning them or paying to have them poured into a landfill,so the proposal was very attractive.But a year later,another juice company challenged the deal in court,arguing that their competitor was “polluting a national park”.They ended up winning,and the d

10、eal between Del Oro and the national park fell through.Then in 2013,while discussing possible research avenues with Timothy Treuer,Daniel Janzen mentioned the orange story.Feeling interested,Treuer decided to stop by that piece of land that had been covered with fruit waste 15 years earlier.What he

11、found shocked him.“When I walked over exposed rock and dead grass in the nearby fields,I had to climb through undergrowth and cut paths through walls of vines (藤) in the orange peel site itself,”said Timothy Treuer.Treuer and his team spent months picking up samples (样品),analyzing and comparing them

12、.They found great differences between the area covered with orange peels and those that were not.The area with orange waste had richer soil.The effect that the orange peels had on the land is probably not that surprising to people familiar with composting (施肥),but what is really shocking is that a j

13、udge actually thought the waste of orange “polluted” a national park and stopped it from going forward.Now that Timothy Treuers study has received worldwide attention,this type of “ruining” is being seriously considered as a way of bringing forests back to life.4.What did Del Oro usually do with ora

14、nge peels?A.Add them to fuel.B.Feed them to animals.C.Burn or bury them.D.Make them into cakes.5.What can we know about the deal between Del Oro and the national park?A.It lasted 15 years.B.It was signed by Treuer.C.It carried out for about a year.D.It was broken by Del Oro.6.What was Treuers findin

15、g?A.Orange peels contain much fibre.B.Orange peels can make soil richer.C.Orange peels rot away in a short time.D.Orange waste ruined the national park.7.What is the authors attitude toward the judge mentioned in the last paragraph?A.Disapproving. B.Positive.C.Worried. D.Admirable.text 3I work with

16、Volunteers for Wildlife, a rescue and education organization at Bailey Arboretum in Locust Valley. Trying to help injured, displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking;survival is never certain. However, when it works, it is simply beautiful.I got a rescue call from a woman in Muttontown. She ha

17、d found a young owl(猫头鹰)on the ground. When Iarrived, I saw a 2- to 3-week-old owl. It had already been placed in a carrier for safety.I examined the chick(雏鸟)and it seemed fine. If I could locate the nest, I might have been able to put it back, but no luck. My next work was to construct a nest and

18、anchor it in a tree.The homeowner was very helpful. A wire basket was found. I put some pine branches into the basket to make this nest safe and comfortable. I placed the chick in the nest, and it quickly calmed down.Now all that was needed were the parents, but they were absent. I gave the homeowne

19、r a recording of the hunger screams of owl chicks. These advertise the presence of chicks to adults;they might also encourage our chick to start calling as well. I gave the owner as much information as possible and headed home to see what news the night might bring.A nervous night to be sure, but so

20、metimes the spirits of nature smile on us all!The homeowner called to say that the parents had responded to the recordings. I drove over and saw the chick in the nest looking healthy and active. And it was accompanied in the nest by the greatest sight of allLUNCH!The parents had done their duty and

21、would probably continue to do so.8.What is unavoidable in the authors rescue work according to paragraph 1?A.Efforts made in vain.B.Getting injured in his work.C.Feeling uncertain about his future.D.Creatures forced out of their homes.9.Why was the author called to Muttontown?A.To rescue a woman.B.T

22、o take care of a woman.C.To look at a baby owl.D.To cure a young owl.10.What made the chick calm down?A.A new nest.B.Some food.C.A recording.D.Its parents.11.How would the author feel about the outcome of the event? A.Its unexpected. B.Its beautiful.C.Its humorous. D.Its discouraging.text 4Kids seem

23、 to spend endless hours on smartphones, computers and tablets these days. The best thing parents can do to prevent it is to encourage youngsters to spend more time outdoors in the sunlight.There has been a massive rise around the globe in short-sightednessor myopia as its officially knownover recent

24、 decades. Myopia or short-sightedness is becoming more common. Lack of natural light seems to be the key issue. “The main factor seems to be a lack of exposure to direct sunlight, because children who study a lot and who use computers or smartphones or tablet computers a lot have less opportunity to

25、 run around outside and are less exposed to sunshine and because of that children seem to be at more risk of developing short-sightedness.”Professor Hammond says, “It may be that theres no coincidence that in East Asian countries, the most myopic ones all correlate with the maths league tables(排名表).

26、 These kids are being pushed with very intensive education from a very young age and spend a lot of time indoors studying. Therefore the concern is that all close worklike playing with the iPhonecarries the potential that it could make them more short-sighted.”The best thing to do, the experts say,

27、is to get children playing outside as much as possible. In a perfect world, probably on average across the week and the weekend, two hours a day outdoors can prevent children becoming short-sighted. Healthy diet is also important; get oily fish and green vegetables as much as possible. “What we need

28、 to look at is ways of modifying the impact that these indoor activities have on their visual development,” Professor Hammond said. “There are eye drops and other treatments to slow myopia progression. But in terms of preventing myopia itself, there isnt any data out there at the moment in terms of

29、the question Could the drops we use to slow progression stop myopia developing at all?.”12.What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 2 refer to?A.Much natural light.B.Running around outside.C.A computer or a smartphone.D.Less exposure to sunshine.13.What does Professor Hammond think of short

30、-sightedness among East Asian children?A.It appears quite by chance.B.It is not serious enough.C.It largely relates to iPads or iPhones.D.It has something to do with their study pressure.14.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A.The myopic students will decrease in the future. B.Researchers

31、have found methods to reduce myopia.C.Its still a hard job to control the childrens myopia.D.Researchers neednt collect any more data on myopia. 15.What is the best title for the text?A.Common troubles of studentsB.Problems caused by short-sightednessC.Stay outdoors more to keep good eyesightD.The i

32、mportance of protecting kidstext 5Think like This When You Feel StressedIts a sweet opportunity. If you look on pressure as a threat, you are sure to be negatively impacted by its occurrence. 1They look on it as a great chance. They will cherish (珍惜) the pressure moment and approach it with confiden

33、ce and enthusiasm.Ill get another chance. Under pressure, we often lose hope. We tend to distort (扭曲) the reality of the situation. One of the most common phrases is “the chance of a lifetime”, in which we tell ourselves, “I will never get an opportunity like this again, so I cant miss it. 2”Ill do

34、my best. This is what people who do their best under pressure tell themselves when they are going into a pressure moment. 3 Because it prevents them from wasting valuable energy worrying over things they cant influence and promotes confidence at the same time. Focusing on doing your best keeps you a

35、t that moment and guides your behavior toward success.4 People who perform their best at pressure will reduce the significance of the upcoming pressure moment, so they feel less stressed. Whether its a sales call or an interview for their dream jobs, they are like winning athletes, and when asked ho

36、w to handle the pressure of the big game, they responded, “Its just another game.”I can control how I respond. People who do their best at a pressure moment focus on what they can control. 5If you have an upcoming interview, dont worry about the other applicants. You cant control them. Practice how

37、you will handle an unexpected problem.A.Its no big deal.B.It stops you paying attention to anxiety.C.Instead, take care of your own business.D.Remembering past success increases your confidence.E.In fact, we have many chances to succeed in our lifetime.F.But people who do their best in a pressure mo

38、ment are different.G.Focusing on doing your best quickly decreases pressure at that moment.text 6读后续写阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。 “If mum finds out that Im going to the beach, Ill be in big trouble.” I said to myself softly in a low voice.Iwent downstairs slowly and tried to walk casually into the

39、 kitchen. As I was walking towards the back door, mum asked without looking up from her “dish-washing”, “Where are you going?” I answered back without hesitation,“ I am going to the garden to play.” After I got out of the kitchen, I breathed a sign of relief. My plan had worked out fine so far. I cl

40、imbed the fence and jumped onto the muddy field next to myhouseand started running towards the bus stop at top speed.After half an hour I was at the beach scanning the crowd for my friends, Jimmy and Bobby. Two young men were racing in the canoes (独木舟).After a while, I saw them near a coconut tree.

41、Irantowards them and got into my swimming trunk (游泳裤). For about an hour, we played volleyball happily.Suddenly, Bobby hit theballtoo hard and the ballfellinto the sea. Just as Bobby was going to pick up the ball, the tide came in and carried the ball further and further away from the shore. I wante

42、d to show off my swimming skills so I declared tohelpget the ball for them.Idivedinto the water and started swimming at a steady pace. After swimming for about ten minutes, I became tired but when I saw that the ball was only a few feet away from me, I put inan extra burst of speed. However, just as

43、 I was going to get the ball, a very strong current swept the ball further away from me.At that moment, a string of weed (海草)tangled (缠绕) up with my feet and I could notswimproperly.Istruggled to keep afloat but it was no use. “ If I had listened to myparents, this would never have happened,”Ithough

44、t silently.Paragraph 1Finally, after struggling for a minute or two, I still got pulled underwater._Paragraph 2When I woke up, I was in an empty room lying on a bed._参考答案：1 ACD2 CCBA3 ACAB4 DDCC5 FEGABParagraph 1Finally, after struggling for a minute or two, I still got putted underwater. I told mys

45、elf I should never give up. Then I pulled the weed again with great efforts. The weed finally broke. I swam back to the surface to take a deep breath. I saw two young men in canoes, racing each other. I was exhausted and shouted for help. The two men saw me and raced towards me. By the time they rea

46、ched me, I had been already unconscious.Paragraph 2When I woke up, I was in an empty room lying on a bed. It was not until a doctor came into the room that I realized that I was in a hospital. Jimmy and Bobby told me the two young men brought me to the shore and sent me to the hospital. After a few minutes, my parents with half angry and half worried faces walked in. My parents scolded me for running out of the house secretly but were also glad that I was not seriously injured. I will never forget that terrifying experience. Neither will I ever want to show off again.