2021年1月北京丰台高三(上)期末英语试卷及答案.doc

1、丰台区20202021学年度第一学期期末练习高三英语笔试 2021. 01考生须知1. 答题前，考生务必先将答题卡上的学校、年级、班级、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹签字笔填写清楚，并认真核对条形码上的准考证号、姓名，在答题卡的“条形码粘贴区”贴好条形码。2. 本次考试所有答题均在答题卡上完成。选择题必须使用2B铅笔以正确填涂方式将各小题对应选项涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦除干净后再选涂其它选项。非选择题必须使用标准黑色字迹签字笔书写，要求字体工整、字迹清楚。3. 请严格按照答题卡上题号在相应答题区内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试卷、草稿纸上答题无效。4. 本试卷满分共100分，作答时长90分钟

2、。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Helping PawsCraig Cook has a very special service partnera twenty-five-year-old female capuchin monkey named Minnie. In 2012, when he was thirty years old, Craig was in a car 1 that left him a quadriple

3、gic, someone whose arms and legs dont work properly. For several years, Craig needed help from other people for such basic needs 2 getting a drink of water. Then Minnie came to Craig through the Helping Hands Organization.Minnie was born at Southwicks Zoo in New York. As part of the special Helping

4、Hands program, while she was a baby, she was given to a foster(寄养) family 3 cared for her and helped her learn to live with people. She learned basic 4 such as turning off lights and fetching on command.Next, Minnie 5 the Helping Hands Monkey College for two years. At the college, she learned tasks

5、that would help a(n) 6 person. These included taking food out of a refrigerator, turning pages in a book one at a time, and picking up objects that had been dropped. It is a long 7 process, but capuchin monkeys can live to be forty-five years old. So they can be 8 to provide service for many years.C

6、raig said, “Living with Minnie is like living with a good friend. And since shes been with me, Minnies learned 9 more neat things to do, like making popcorn in the microwave(微波炉). Thanks to Minnie, I can live 10 with caregivers only coming in for a short time each day. And, when I go out, instead of

7、 being seen as the guy in the wheelchair, Im now the guy with the monkey.”1. A. accidentB. park C. saleD. race2. A. up B. as C. forD. to3. A. when B. whyC. who D. what4. A. ideasB. skillsC. principlesD. rights5. A. returnedB. visitedC. supportedD. attended6. A. elderly B. poorC. disabledD. lonely 7.

8、 A. decision-makingB. trainingC. planningD. risk-taking 8. A. based onB. turned onC. fed onD. counted on9. A. evenB. once C. justD. yet10. A. happily B. energeticallyC. independentlyD. safely 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。AThe British must

9、have really high standards. I was part of a student exchange programme between a university in England and my university in China. I had spent days in 11 (prepare) for my first English paper. I knew I did a good job and was looking forward 12 getting a positive comment. When I got the paper back, I

10、found that my teacher 13 (write) the comment “Not bad!” Not bad? But there werent any 14 (mistake) in my paper. BThe college entrance examination is just around the corner. Homework and tests will keep many of you up late at night, and you may plan to make up for your lost sleep during the weekends.

11、 15 is it useful? A study published in the journal Current Biology completely has changed 16 people used to think. It shows that the habit of sleeping in on weekends doesnt fix the damage done by a lack of sleep during the week. Even 17 (bad), it may damage your health. CThe International Day of Fam

12、ilies, which 18 (name) by the United Nations in 1993, is held on May 15th every year. The day celebrates the 19 (important) of families. It aims 20 (develop) peoples understanding of issues that are related to families. With a different theme each year, the day is observed with a wide range of event

13、s that are organized at local, national and international levels. 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节 阅读理解（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ADont you think robots are a part of your life? In factories, robots put together everything from toys to cars. Some homes have robots that sweep

14、 floors or mow the lawn(剪草坪). And more robots are soon to come. Like a HumanRobots dont expect any thanks for all the work they do for us. After all, they dont have feelings. But that may be changing with Nexi, a robot created by scientists at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Nexi can move

15、 its face to show anger, happiness, or sadness. It can also raise its eyebrows to show surprise. 24 How would you like a robot to help clean up your toys, or one that plays hide-and-seek with you? Nao can be programmed to do both those activities, and more. A two- foot-tall robot, Nao was designed b

16、y a company in France to be a helper and companion. It can talk, walk and even remember faces, voices, and places. Also, it can be programmed to assist with daily tasks, such as checking e-mails.Robots at WorkNeed a lift out of bed? RIBA, short for “Robot for Interactive Body Assistance”, will lend

17、its helpful arms! Some patients at hospitals and nursing homes have a hard time getting in and out of bed. RIBA can gently lift a patient out of bed and help him or her into a wheelchair. The robot can safely pick up and carry people weighing 135 pounds.Water BotsRobots that work in waterand look li

18、ke familiar sea creaturesare making news lately. One of them is a robotic fish. Researchers built the robo-fish to swim in water to detect pollution. Theres even a robotic penguin called the AP, which uses flippers(鱼鳍) to paddle and can move in all directions. Experts predict that by 2025 we could h

19、ave robots in every household! You might be living or working with one of them every day! 21. By moving its face, Nexi might show its _.A. feelingsB. powerC. interest D. opinions22. If a patient needs assistance out of bed, which may be a good helper?A. Nexi. B. AP. C. Nao.D. RIBA.23. According to t

20、he passage, a robotic fish might be used for _.A. discovering fish B. picking up rubbish C. studying sea creatures D. finding out pollution24. Which subtitle can be filled in the blank?A. Household HelpersB. Programme DesignersC. Hotel Cleaners D. Game Players BThe Party of Their LivesIn Los Angeles

21、s infamous Skid Row, there are hundreds of children living on the streets or in shelters. Its a place where dreams go to die. But one couple is determined to use their own experience with loss to foster a sense of hope.In 2013, Mary Davis and her husband lost their first unborn kid. Refusing to let

22、the heartbreak break them, they became volunteers in a Skid Row homeless shelter. They found that many of the kids there had never had a single birthday party before, so they decided to throw a birthday party for those homeless kids. They took over a room in the Union Rescue Mission and filled it wi

23、th streamers, gifts and a cake. The kids were so excited that they made their own musicsinging and clapping and, of course, laughing. Since then, the couple have thrown a party each and every month. They routinely attract 250 kids and their parents. An hour before each party, volunteers arrive to se

24、t up the decorations and activities: face painting, balloon artists, a DJ, cake, and pizza. There are small presents for the kids celebrating their birthdays, but the Davis make sure there are more than enough to go around. “I remember a mom came with her kid,” Mary says. “It was their first night a

25、t the shelter, and her child had a birthday. We had an extra gift for herpink headphones. The little girl was so excited. And her mom. shes crying. I never imagined we would ever need to be in a shelter. I didnt know what to expect. But I really didnt expect a birthday party for my child. she cried

26、with happiness.” Doing her best to normalize these kids lives is both heartwarming and bittersweet, Mary says. “If you look outside, you see homeless person after homeless person on the street, and it reminds you that these kids dont get to leave this area after the party.” It may be why, after thro

27、wing 88 parties, she still cries after each one. She credits the kids in the shelter with helping her hold on to hope. “We didnt realize how much joy they were going to bring us,” she told CBS News. “And it was so healing for both kids and us.” 25. In Skid Row, hundreds of kids _.A. were homeless B.

28、 lost their parentsC. dropped out of schoolD. were crazy about parties26. How did the couple help the kids?A. They raised much money.B. They rented many houses.C. They hosted birthday parties.D. They made birthday presents.27. According to the passage, which can best describe Mary?A. Honest and gene

29、rous.B. Caring and generous.C. Outgoing and caring.D. Outgoing and honest.28. What does the story intend to tell us?A. Well begun, half done.B. East or west, home is best.C. What goes around comes around.D. Where there is love, there is hope.CWildfires have recently ruined regions across the world,

30、and their severity is increasing. Hoping to reduce harm, researchers led by Yapei Wang, a chemist at Renmin University of China, say they have developed an inexpensive device to detect such fires earlier and with less effort. Current detection methods rely heavily on human watchfulness, which can de

31、lay an effective response. Most wildfires are reported by the general public, and other warnings come from routine foot patrols(巡逻队) and watchtower observers. Passing planes and satellites also occasionally spot something, but “the fire first appears on the ground,” Wang says. “When you see the fire

32、 from the sky, it is too late.” The team says its new device can be placed near tree trunks bases and send a wireless signal to a nearby receiver if there is an unusual temperature increase. The key is molten salts(熔盐) liquids: a sudden temperature change causes electrons(电子) to travel within the li

33、quids, creating electrical energy that causes electrodes to send the signal. The team printed the substances onto ordinary paper to create a sensor. Jessica McCarty, a geographer at Miami University, who was not involved in the study, says places where wildland and city meet could potentially benefi

34、t from such a device. She says, “When a fire breaks out, the homeowner will know before the fire agency may have detected it.” But improving integration among the different agencies involved in firefighting is even more vital to address, says Graham Kent, a seismologist at the University of Nevada,

35、who was also not part of the study. “The whole way that you respond to a fire until its put out is like a ballet,” he says. “Youd have to choreograph(编舞) it just so,” with resources distributed at precisely the right time and place from detection to confirmation to dispatch(派遣) to extinguishing. “Fi

36、re detection is just step one; if you blow steps two through 98, all that technology. just doesnt matter.” Wang says his teams next steps are to extend the devices signal range beyond the current 100 meters, which can limit practical use, and to develop a protective wall for it. The devices effectiv

37、eness, McCarty notes, will also need to be tested in the field. 29. What can we learn about the new device?A. It can spot fire from the sky.B. It can send timely warning of fire. C. It uses molten salts to test the signal.D. It receives signals from tree trunks bases.30. According to Graham Kent, wh

38、at is the key to firefighting?A. The time for detection.B. The provided new technology.C. Precisely distributed resources.D. Cooperation of different departments.31. What would be the best title for the passage?A. Fighting Fire with PaperB. Fire Is under ControlC. Fighting Fire in the ForestD. Firef

39、ighting Is a Matter of UrgencyDHumans have a habit of delaying their own progress. From coffee to refrigerator to genetically changed food, history is filled with innovations that caused resistance before they become necessity in everyday life. Calestous Juma, a professor of Harvard University, expl

40、ores this phenomenon in his latest book, Innovation and Its Enemies: Why People Resist New Technologies. Among Jumas claims is that people do not fear innovation simply because the technology is new, but because innovation often means losing a piece of their identity or lifestyle, and separating peo

41、ple from nature or their sense of purpose.Juma identified in his research three key sources of opposition to innovation: those with commercial interests in existing products, those who identify with existing products, and those who might lose power as a result of change. The first group is perhaps t

42、he most obvious. Many industries have been affected by innovation. Just take a look at the pointless efforts of music publishers to stop the change to digital music. Some consumers might oppose an innovation because the existing product is deeply rooted in their identity, culture or customs. The Bri

43、tish preferred tea time at home to sitting in a coffee shop, for example. Finally, the rise of new technologies can also result in a change redistributing wealth and influence away from some groups, and toward others. The expansion of harvesters and other mechanical equipment reduced the need for fa

44、rm labor, and the change in population away from rural areas had significant political consequence. Humans make decisions about new innovations with their instinct(直觉) rather than evidence. Opponents and enthusiasts of a new technology will often make shocking claims to support their arguments. Juma

45、 said beneath those arguments was typically obvious concern of new technologies, rather than a reasoned response. Juma said, “People see a new product and there is an emotional reaction to that product because it challenges their outlook on the world. This has been the story with almost every new pr

46、oduct.”Historically, technologists have been more concerned with the functionality of the products they create, paying less attention to the consequence it may have on society at large, Juma claims. Fortunately, that may be starting to change.32. According to Para. 2 and 3, what is the key reason wh

47、y people resist innovation?A. The reliability of the existing technologies.B. The difficulties of mastering new technologies.C. The concern over the development of technologies.D. The fear for the changes caused by new technologies.33. What is the authors attitude to peoples opposition to innovation?A. Uncertain. B. Disapproving.C. Supportive.D. Neutral.34. What does the passage imply?A. Technologies effect on society should be valued.B. The use of new products reduces the need for labor.C. Enthusiasts of the technologies are more reasonable.D. The functionality of new