2021届浙江省杭州市西湖区XX中学高三上学期期中英语试题(解析版).doc

1、2020-2021学年浙江省杭州市西湖区学军中学高三上学期期中英语考试第二部分，阅读理解(共两节, 满分35分)第一节(共 10个小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分25分)阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卷上将该选项涂黑。AAt one point in June last year, Zeng Jiapeng was more than 10,000 yuan in debt to a smart phone app. The 23-year-old Shanghai citizen pays for his online purchases of

2、 food, clothes, and travel with Huabei, a virtual credit card thats part of Alibaba Group Holding Ltd.s spreading stable of e-commerce. His spending often used to go beyond his only source of income: the 8,000-yuan monthly allowance from his parents. He tried to repay the debt in installments(分期), e

3、ven borrowing from Jiebei, another Alibaba-owned credit service, but eventually his mother and father had to help him out.Zengs story is typical of members of China Generation Z. These young consumers, born from the mid-1990s to the early 2000s, have little income and therefore actually no credit hi

4、story. Yet they have easy access to credit from an assortment of banks, financial-tech companies, and peer-to-peer (P2P) Lenders(网络借贷平台), plus other channels that are unregulated. The spending habits of the young in particular are causing concern. In some cases the younger generation is being tempte

5、d to overconsume via credit secured through technology. Unsecured consumer lending has expanded 20% a year in China since 2008. The amount of consumer finance available through the Internet will more than double, to 19 trillion yuan, by 2021, from 7.8 trillion yuan last year. Official data showed th

6、at almost 70% of Chinas 50 million P2P borrowers were younger than 40.As for Zeng, hes trying to be a little more frugal, even though he is now trying to earn a little by himself. “I deliberately set the credit limit at a lower level,” he says, “so that hopefully I can better match my income with sp

7、ending.”Regulators(监管部门)last year launched a breakdown on peer-to-peer lending, which, besides being a source of easy credit, had also become a popular investment vehicle. The sector has shrunk to less than half its peak size as a result of forced shutdowns.1. What can we learn about Zeng Jiapeng fr

8、om the first paragraph?A. He was in debt because he bought smart phone app.B. He likes purchasing goods on the app Huabei of Alibaba Group.C. He always spent more than he earned from his salary in the past.D. He depended on his parents to support him to repay his debt.2. What does the underlined wor

9、d “frugal” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. ImpracticalB. HardworkingC. Avoiding wasteD. Relying on others3. Which of the following can be the best title?A. Overconsumption-A Bad HabitB. Chinas Generation Z-Hooked On CreditC. Chinese Youth In the E-commerce AgeD. Zeng Jinpengs Financial Crisis【答案】1.

10、D 2. C 3. B【解析】本文是说明文。文章通过列举Zeng Jiapeng在手机应用程序上欠债1万多元，要靠父母帮他还债的例子，引出了当今年轻人沉迷于信贷的现象，并分析了其原因和严重性。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“He tried to repay the debt in installments(分期), even borrowing from Jiebei, another Alibaba-owned credit service, but eventually his mother and father had to help him out.”(他试图用分期付款的方式偿还

11、债务，甚至从借呗借款 ，但最终他的父母不得不帮助他。)可推知Zeng Jiapeng要依靠他父母来资助他还债。故选D。【2题详解】词句猜测题。根据文章第一段“At one point in June last year, Zeng Jiapeng was more than 10,000 yuan in debt to a smart phone app.和He tried to repay the debt in installments(分期), even borrowing from Jiebei, another Alibaba-owned credit service, but ev

12、entually his mother and father had to help him out.”可知Zeng Jiapeng以前的情况，他在手机应用程序上欠债1万多元，最后还要靠父母帮他还债。第三段“As for Zeng, hes trying to be a little more frugal, even though he is now trying to earn a little by himself.”提到了他现在的情况，根据后句“尽管他现在正努力自己挣钱，”说明他现在除了自己挣钱外，还正努力少花钱，frugal应该是“花钱少的，节俭的”，与Avoiding waste同

13、义。故选C。【3题详解】主旨大意题。文章开头列举了Zeng Jiapeng在手机应用程序上欠债1万多元，要靠父母帮他还债的例子，第二段“Zengs story is typical of members of China Generation Z.” 引出了当今年轻人沉迷于信贷的现象。同时指出“The spending habits of the young in particular are causing concern.” 年轻人的这种消费习惯令人担忧，并用数字说明了其严重性。最后两段说明了Zeng Jiapeng的改变和应对此现象的措施。B项Chinas Generation Z-Ho

14、oked On Credit(中国沉迷于信贷的一代人)概括了本文内容，又能吸引读者，适合作为标题。故选B。BAt the World Economic Forum last month, President Trump drew claps when he announced the United States would respond to the forums proposal to plant one trillion(万亿) trees to fight climate change. The trillion-tree idea won wide attention last su

15、mmer after a study published in the journal Science concluded that planting so many trees was “the most effective climate change solution to date”.If only it were true. But it isnt. Planting trees would slow down the planets warming, but the only thing that will save us and future generations from p

16、aying a huge price in dollars, lives and damage to nature is rapid and considerable reductions in carbon release from fossil fuels, to net zero by 2050.Focusing on trees as the big solution to climate change is a dangerous diversion(偏离). Worse still, it takes attention away from those responsible fo

17、r the carbon release that are pushing us toward disaster. For example, in the Netherlands, you can pay Shell an additional 1 euro cent for each liter of regular gasoline you put in your tank, to plant trees to balance the carbon release from your driving. Thats clearly no more than disaster slightly

18、 delayed. The only way to stop this planet from overheating is through political, economic, technological and social solutions that end the use of fossil fuels.There is no way that planting trees, even across a global area the size of the United States, can absorb the huge amounts of fossil carbon r

19、eleased from industrial societies. Trees do take up carbon from the atmosphere as they grow. But this uptake merely replaces carbon lost when forests were cleared in the first place, usually long ago. Regrowing forests where they once grew can undo some damage done in the past, but even a trillion t

20、rees cant store enough carbon to head off dramatic climate changes this century.In a sharp counter argument to last summers Paper in Science, Justin Gillis wrote in the same journal in October that the studys findings were inconsistent with the dynamics of the global carbon cycle. He warned that “th

21、e claim that global tree restoration(复原) is our most effective climate solution is simply scientifically incorrect and dangerously misleading”.4. What do we know about the trillion-tree idea?A It was published in a journal.B. It was proposed last summer.C. It was put forward by Trump.D. It drew lots

22、 of public attention.5. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?A. A drawback of the tree planting strategy.B. An example of balancing carbon release.C. An anecdote of making a purchase at Shell.D. A responsibility for politicians and economists.6. What was Justin Gilliss attitude towards global tree resto

23、ration?A. Indifferent.B. Opposed.C. Hesitant.D. Supportive.7. What is the best title for the text?A. Contradictory Ideas on Tree Planting.B. A Trillion Trees Come to the Rescue.C. Planting Trees Wont Save the World.D. The Best Solution to Climate Change.【答案】4. D 5. A 6. B 7. C【解析】本文为一篇议论文。文章论述了作者不赞成

24、美国总统Trump响应 “种一万亿棵树”来对抗气候变化的倡议，作者认为真正能解决问题的方法是迅速地大量减少碳排放。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段The trillion-tree idea won wide attention last summer after a study published in the journal Science concluded that planting so many trees was “the most effective climate change solution to date”.去年夏天，发表在科学杂志上的一项研究得出结论，大量种树是“迄

25、今为止最有效的气候变化解决方案”，这 “一万亿棵树”的想法赢得了广泛关注。可知，一万亿树的想法引起了公众的广泛关注。故选D项。【5题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段Focusing on trees as the big solution to climate change is a dangerous diversion(偏离). Worse still, it takes attention away from those responsible for the carbon release that are pushing us toward disaster. 把树木作为解决气候变化的主要

26、办法是一种危险的转移。更糟糕的是，它把注意力从那些对碳排放负责的人身上移开，正是这些人把我们推向灾难。因此，第3段主要论述了以植树来保护环境的缺点。故选A项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段In a sharp counter argument to last summers Paper in Science, Justin Gillis wrote in the same journal in October that the studys findings were inconsistent with the dynamics of the global carbon cycle. H

27、e warned that “the claim that global tree restoration(复原) is our most effective climate solution is simply scientifically incorrect and dangerously misleading”. Justin Gillis在科学杂志上发表了与去年夏天科学杂志公布的研究结果截然相反的观点，他认为去年夏天公布的那个研究结果是不符合地球碳循环动力学的。同时，他发出警告：通过植树来解决气候问题是不科学的，是错误的，是危险的，是具有误导性的。推测，Justin Gillis对植树

28、提议是持反对态度的。故选B项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。结合全文，文章论述了作者不赞成美国总统Trump响应 “种一万亿棵树”来对抗气候变化的倡议，作者认为真正能解决问题的方法是迅速地大量减少碳排放，种树的想法是不科学的，且具有误导性。C项“植树不会拯救世界。”符合文章主旨，适合作为标题。故选C项。CArtists always treat businessmen as money-obsessed bores. Or worse, many businessmen, for their part, assume that artists usually consider themselves

29、to be more intelligent than others. Bosses may stick a few modern paintings on their office walls. But they seldom take the arts seriously as a source of inspiration.The prejudice starts at business school, where “hard” things such as numbers rule. It is reinforced by everyday experience. Bosses con

30、stantly remind their employees that if you cant count it, it doesnt count. Few read deeply about the arts. Sun Tzus The Art of War does not count while some tasteless business books are pleasing to them: consider Wess Roberts Leadership Secrets of Attila the Hun.But lately there are welcome signs of

31、 a thaw (缓和) on the business side of the great cultural divide. Business presses are publishing a series of books such as The Fine Art of Success by Jamie Anderson. Business schools such as the Roman School of Management at the University of Toronto are trying to learn from the arts.Mr. Anderson poi

32、nts out that many artists have also been superb businessmen. Damien Hirst has been one of the most enterprising. He upturned the art world by selling his work directly through Sothebys, an auction (拍卖) house. Whatever they think of his work, businessmen cannot help admiring a man who parted art love

33、rs from 75.5 million on the day that Lehman Brothers collapsed.Studying the arts can help businessmen communicate more effectively. Most bosses spend a huge amount of time “messaging” and “reaching out”, yet few are good at it.Studying the arts can also help companies learn how to manage bright peop

34、le. Rob Goffee of the London Business School points out that todays most productive companies are dominated by what they call “clevers”, who are very hard to manage. They hate being told what to do by mangers, whom they regard as being stupid. They refuse to submit to performance reviews. In short,

35、they are prima donnas. The art world has centuries of experience in managing such difficult people. Directors persuade actresses to cooperate with actors they hate. Their tips might be worth hearing.8. What kind of person is Damien Hirst actually?A. An artist whose works changed the art world.B. A b

36、usinessman who just cares about money.C. An artist who is good at doing business.D. A businessman who had prejudice toward the arts.9. The underlined words “prima donnas” probably refer to those who are _.A. quite stupidB. rather proudC. really brightD. very efficient10. What does the author mainly

37、discuss in the text?A. Good management takes skill and patience.B. Artists should show respect for businessmen.C. Painting is a special form of communication.D. Businessmen have much to learn from artists.【答案】8. C 9. B 10. D【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章通过指出艺术家和商人之间的相互偏见引入话题，举例说明艺术和商业相互间的促进作用，从而得出结论，实际上，商人有很多东西要向艺术

38、家学习。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Mr. Anderson points out that many artists have also been superb businessmen. Damien Hirst has been one of the most enterprising. He upturned the art world by selling his work directly through Sothebys, an auction (拍卖) house.”（安德森先生指出，许多艺术家也是一流的商人。Damien Hirst一直是最具事业心的人之一。他通过苏富比

39、拍卖行直接出售自己的作品，颠覆了艺术界）可知Damien Hirst事实上是一位善于经商的艺术家。故选C。【9题详解】词句猜测题，根据划线词之前的部分“Rob Goffee of the London Business School points out that todays most productive companies are dominated by what they call “clevers”, who are very hard to manage. They hate being told what to do by mangers, whom they regard a

40、s being stupid. They refuse to submit to performance reviews.”（伦敦商学院的Rob Goffee指出，今天最有生产力的公司都被他们称为“clevers”的人所管理，这些人很难应付。他们讨厌让老板来告诉他们该做什么，他们认为老板很愚蠢。他们拒绝接受绩效考核）可知“prima donnas”指的是“非常骄傲和自负的人”。故选B。【10题详解】主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段“Studying the arts can help businessmen communicate more effectively.”（学习艺术可以帮助商人更有效地沟

41、通）以及最后一段“Studying the arts can also help companies learn how to manage bright people.”（研究艺术还可以帮助企业学会如何管理聪明的人）结合全文内容，可知这篇文章通过指出艺术家和商人之间的相互偏见引入话题，举例说明艺术和商业相互间的促进作用，从而得出结论，实际上，商人有很多东西要向艺术家学习。故选D。第二节(共5个小题; 每小题2分, 满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Rejection doesnt have to be about the big s

42、tuff like not getting into your top college. Everyday situations can lead to feelings of rejection, too, like if your joke didnt get a laugh, if no one remembered to save you a seat at the lunch table, or if the person you really like talks to everyone but you. Rejection hurts. But its impossible to

43、 avoid it altogether. The only thing we should do is to learn to handle it. _11_. So how can you build that ability?Be Honest About Your FeelingsIf you get rejected, admit how intense your feelings are. Dont try to brush off the hurt or pretend its not painful. Then, move on to name what youre feeli

44、ng. For example: “I feel really disappointed that I didnt get chosen for the school play. I wanted it so badly and I tried so hard. I feel left out because my friends made it and I didnt.” _12_.Examine Your Thought SoundtrackWhen you are rejected, its natural to wonder, “Why did this happen?” When y

45、ou give yourself an explanation, be careful to stick to the facts. Tell yourself: “I got turned down for prom because the person didnt want to go with me.” Dont tell yourself: “I got turned down because Im not attractive” or “Im such a loser.” _13_. Next time, if put-down thoughts start creeping int

46、o your mind, shut them down._14_A rejection is chance to consider if there are things we can work on. Its OK to think about whether theres room for improvement or if your goals were higher than your skills. _15_. But if you approach it right, it could help nudge you in a direction that turns out to

47、be the perfect fit for your talents, personality, and all the really great things that make you who you are.A Acknowledging feelings helps you move beyond painful emotions.B. This kind of thinking crowds out hope and a belief in ourselves.C. Be Patient When Rejected.D. Dwelling on the negative feeli

48、ngs can feel like living the experience over and over again.E. Sometimes a rejection is a harsh reality check.F. The better we get at dealing with rejection, the less it affects us.G. Use Rejection to Your Advantage.【答案】11. F 12. A 13. B 14. G 15. E【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了被人拒绝在日常中时有发生，拒绝很伤人，但完全避免它是不可能的。我们唯一要做的就是学会处理它。文章就如何处理拒绝提出了一些建议。【11题详解】根据上文“Rejection hurts. But its impossible to avoid it altogether. The only thing we should do is to learn to handle it.(拒绝会伤人。但完全避免它是不可能的。我们唯一要做的就是学会处理它)”以及后文“So how can you build that ability?(那么你该如何培养这种能力呢？)”可知，