2021届陕西省渭南市高三教学质量检测(一模)英语试题(解析版).doc

1、渭南市2021年高三教学质量检测（）英语考生注意：1.本试卷共150分。考试时间120分钟。2.请将各题答案填写在答题卡上。3.本试卷主要考试内容：高考全部内容。第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. Where does the conversation probably take p

2、lace?A. At the drugstore. B. At the barbers. C. At the laundry.2. When will the coats be finished?A. Thursday. B. Friday. C. Saturday.3. How does the woman feel?A. Worried B. Satisfied. C. Delighted.4. What does the woman suggest?A. They share one car to work.B. They come to work earlier.C. They get

3、 more work done.5. Why will the man go to Edinburgh?A. To do some sightseeing.B. To drive the woman there.C. To meet some important people.第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. What does

4、the woman ask to do at first?A. Try the gloves. B. Return the gloves. C. Change the gloves.7. How much will the woman pay to get the gloves she prefers?A. $29.95. B. $35.25. C. $5.3.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8. What do we learn about the couple?A. They are on vacation. B. They went on a trip last year. C. The

5、 wife doesnt like to travel.9. How long does the trip in the advertis ement take?A. 7 days. B. 14 days. C. 21 days.10. Why doesnt the wife like the trip in the advertisement?A. She prefers to stay in the same place.B. She doesnt like travelling by ship.C. She dislikes the food to be offered on the t

6、rip.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11. What is the advantage of the new product?A. To help settle family problems.B. To bring convenience to peoples lives.C. To equip the house with different things.12. What is the robot programmed to do?A. Repairing and guarding. B. Shopping and cooking. C. Cleaning and washing.

7、13. How does the woman like the product?A. It is safe enough. B. It is very popular. C. It is too expensive.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14 What is the relationship between the speakers?A. Classmates. B. Colleagues. C. Guide and tourist.15. Where does the man live now?A. In the womans house. B. In his apartment

8、. C. In a hotel.16. What impressed the man most in the park?A. People dancing in public. B. The beautiful scenery. C. Lots of statues.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. When did Mr. Jones join the company?A. Five years ago. B. Thirty years ago. C. Forty years ago.18. What was Mr. Jones first promotion?A. Office

9、manager. B. Head driver. C. Vice president of operations.19. How did Mr. Jones get his degree?A. By studying full-time. B. By studying with a team. C. By taking night classes.20. What is the purpose of the talk?A. To welcome Mr. Jones as a new employee.B. To celebrate Mr. Jones retirement.C. To cong

10、ratulate Mr. Jones on his new job.第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ABook RecommendationSecond HarvestAuthor: Don AgeyLike the first installment, Eclectic Harvest, this book includes rhymed poems which em-ploy different poetic techniques. If you are interest

11、ed in it, buy it at a discount.Of Human Nature and Good HabitsAuthor: Prabhash KaranResearch claims that maintaining only 5 good habitseating healthily, exercising, drinking properly, not smoking and maintaining a healthy body weightcan not only keep the life in golden years healthy but also extend

12、the lifetime of the old men and women by 12 years and 14 years respectively. The book illustrates some aspects of lifestyles. As you can see, this book is especially suitable for people after retirement.The Dueling Wizards of SimpletownAuthor: Whitney Lee PrestonThe Dueling Wizards of Simpletown is

13、a tale of fantasy involving two silly magicians, and a tricky plan by their two-faced servant. There is no doubt that kids will like it.Marvlt and Goreg Get in Big Trouble with a DinosaurAuthor: Connor AnstissMarvlt and Goreg live next door to each other, and are best friends. These two naughty 8-ye

14、ar-olds seem to get into all sorts of troubles. At the zoo, they have a much different encounter. Will they be okay? Read it and find the answer yourself.1. Which book will interest poetry lovers most?A. Second Harvest.B. Of Human Nature and Good Habits.C. The Dueling Wizards of Simpletown.D. Marvlt

15、 and Goreg Get in Big Trouble with a Dinosaur.2. What does Prabhash Karan think enables the aged to live longer?A. Gaining weight.B. Keeping a healthy diet.C. Eating more.D. Drinking much wine.3. Whats Marvlt and Goreg Get in Big Trouble with a Dinosaur about?A. A story of zoo keepers.B. The experie

16、nce of two magicians.C. A tale of the animal and children.D. The way to deal with naughty children.【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。短文向读者推荐了四本书。【详解】1.细节理解题。根据关键词“poetry”定位到Second Harvest，结合本段中“Like the first installment, Eclectic Harvest, this book includes rhymed poems which em-ploy different poet

17、ic techniques.”和第一部收获折衷主义一样，这本书收录了押韵的诗歌，运用了不同的诗歌技巧。所以Second Harvest这本书最能吸引诗歌爱好者。故选A。2.细节理解题。结合关键词“Prabhash Karan”可以定位到“Of Human Nature and Good Habits”，结合“Research claims that maintaining only 5 good habitseating healthily, exercising, drinking properly, not smoking and maintaining a healthy body we

18、ightcan not only keep the life in golden years healthy but also extend the lifetime of the old men and women by 12 years and 14 years respectively. ”研究表明，只保持健康饮食、锻炼、适量饮酒、不吸烟、保持健康体重等5个良好习惯，不仅可以使老年人的晚年生活保持健康，而且可以使老年人的寿命分别延长12年和14年。可知，保持五个良好的习惯（健康饮食、运动、适量饮酒、不吸烟、保持健康体重）可以让男性老人和女性老人的预期寿命分别延长12年和14年。故选B。3

19、.细节理解题。结合关键词“Marvlt and Goreg Get in Big Trouble with a Dinosaur”，定位到文章最后一个黑体字部分。根据“Marvlt and Goreg live next door to each other, and are best friends. These two naughty 8-year-olds seem to get into all sorts of troubles.At the zoo, they have a much different encounter”Marvlt 和 Goreg 是邻居，他们是最好的朋友。这

20、两个淘气的八岁小孩，好像惹了很多麻烦。在动物园里，他们有着截然不同的遭遇.可知，这本书讲述了关于动物和孩子的故事。故选C。BThe 64-year-old Mahendra, the Secretary at People for Animals (PFA), talks about his disabled and wounded dogs like a father talks about his childrenwith the same love, affection and warmth. It was this love that led him to establish Indi

21、as first shelter home for dogs living with disabilities.It all started in 1998. While taking a midnight walk, Mahendra came across a very weak dog on the street, whose bones were visible under its skin. Mahendra decided to feed it and for the next couple of days it became the centre of his life, unt

22、il the night when he found it dead.After that, Mahendra started providing treatment to all wounded and sick dogs he came across. Some time later, someone told Mahendra about PFA, Indias largest animal welfare organization, chaired by Mrs Maneka Gandhi. Mahendra contacted her and she was impressed by

23、 the work he was doing. Mrs Gandhi asked him to start a PFA chapter in Ahmedbad.Thus, in 2004, he started the shelter. It took a long time for Mehendra to find the land where the shelter could be set up. Finally, Ramesh Bhai Patel, a native farmer from a village named Jundal, agreed to give his land

24、 for nothing. Along with a team of four doctors and many volunteers, the shelter now has 25 dogs that were unable to walk at all when they were brought in. Today, they re slowly healing. Dogs that have healed with proper treatment are sent back to where they came from if the environment there is saf

25、e. However, the shelter will be home to the blind dogs for all their lives, says Mahendra.The shelter runs on money coming from Mahendras own pension of Rs. 45,000. There have been some financial crunches now and then, but Mahendra is determined that no matter what challenge comes their way, they ll

26、 fight through.4. What made Mahendra decide to do something for disabled and sick dogs?A. His contact with PFA.B. The encouragement of Gandhi.C. A walk with a sick dog of Gandhi.D. The death of a homeless sick dog.5. What happened to Mahendra when he tried to build the shelter?A. He secured governme

27、nt funds.B. He got a land from a local farmer for free.C. He learned medical knowledge from doctors.D. He met with much difficulty in finding volunteers.6. What does the underlined word “crunches” in the last paragraph probably mean?A. Advantages.B. Crisis.C. Services.D. Details.7. Which of the foll

28、owing words can best describe Mahendra?A. Kind-hearted.B. Humorous.C. Open-minded.D. Modest.【答案】4. D 5. B 6. B 7. A【解析】本文是记叙文，讲述了Mahendra成立印度第一个残犬、病犬收容所的过程和收容所的现状。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的第一句“It all started in 1998.”这开始于1998年。接下来第二段讲述了Mahendra散步时遇到了一条受伤的狗，然后就全身心地照顾他，直到小狗死亡。再结合第三段“After that, Mahendra start

29、ed providing treatment to all wounded and sick dogs he came across.”在那之后，Mahendra开始为他遇到的所有受伤的和生病的狗提供治疗，综合可知，一只虚弱、生病的流浪狗的死亡让他决定为残疾和生病的狗做些什么。故选D项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Finally, Ramesh Bhai Patel, a native farmer from a village named Jundal, agreed to give his land for nothing.”可知，最后一个名叫Ramesh Bhai Patel，来

30、自Jundal的农民同意将自己的土地无偿让给他。即当Mahendra试图建造庇护所时，他从当地一位农民那里免费得到一块地。故选B项。【6题详解】词句猜测题。根据最后一段划线词后“but Mahendra is determined that no matter what challenge comes their way, they ll fight through.”但是Mahendra决心无论他们面临什么样的挑战，他们都将战胜它。再结合划线单词所在句子“There have been some financial crunches now and then”时不时有经济方面的crunche

31、s，结合两句的意思以及两句之间的转折关系，可知financial crunches意思应该是“经济方面的困境，危机”，结合选项，可知crunches是“危机”的意思，故选B项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据 Mahendra救助一只虚弱、生病的流浪狗，并努力建立残犬、病犬收容所的故事可知，他是一个善良的人。故选A项。CModeste Traore has lived his whole life near Lake Wegnia, in the Sahel area of Mali. The lakes fish have provided him with a way to earn mone

32、y to support his extended family. How-ever, because he cant catch enough fish to feed his family, he now raises farm animals. But as temperatures rise, evaporation increases, making the body of water shrinks. Studies have linked rising temperatures on Earths surface to climate change.The lake is shr

33、inking, so are the chances of his children becoming fishermen. “If things go on like this, I dont think our children can become fishermen like us. They will have to choose other jobs,” the 56-year-old Traore said. “During the rainy season, there is a lot of water but as soon as its over, there is no

34、 water left in the lake. We are fishermen. I dont think our children will be,” he said.Lake Wegnia is in the Sahel region of Koulikoro, around 120 kilometers north of Malis capital, Bamako. Some 12,000 people, including fishermen and farmers, depend on it for food, water and employment. But the lake

35、 has shrunk by 20 percent since 2017.The UN expects temperatures there to increase 1.5 times higher than the average increase worldwide. UN officials note that the flooding and a severe lack of rainfall can cause problems in the Sahel: Food insecurity, the fight over farmland and the fast population

36、 growth can lead to conflict.Aid group is leading the Eco-Lac Wegnia project. The group is working to improve water management and fight the effects of global warming. Moussa Savagodo is Eco-Lac Wegnias local representative. He says that failing to make changes quickly can mean the lake will disappe

37、ar completely in less than 5 years.People in the rural areas Wegnia and Kononi-Sirakoro have planted 56,000 trees in the past two years. And they are better controlling their water by building stone barriers to help the soil keep the rain that does fall. The progress and international official suppo

38、rt are not enough for them, however. More and more people are turning to other agriculture.8. How did Traore work to support his family in the past?A. By fishing.B. By raising farm animals.C. By taking charge of the lake.D. By working as an environmentalist.9. What effect will the current trend of t

39、he lake have according to Traore?A. A lot of farmland will form.B. The rainy season will end early.C. Many fishermen will flee their homes.D. The later generation will change their careers.10. Which statement do the UN and Aid group agree with?A. Drought and flood will directly cause conflict.B. Red

40、ucing population is a way to protect the lake.C. Water management makes no difference to the lake.D. The rise in temperature will cause water resource problems.11. What does the underlined word “they” in the last paragraph refer to?A. The local officials.B. The Aid group members.C. The villagers.D.

41、The representatives.【答案】8. A 9. D 10. D 11. C【解析】本文是说明文。马里不断缩小的湖泊意味着渔民家庭的末日。随着气温升高和蒸发的增加，水体萎缩导致湖泊逐渐缩小，渔民的孩子成为渔民的机会也在减少。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段 “The lakes fish have provided him with a way to earn money to support his extended family. How-ever, because he cant catch enough fish to feed his family, he now r

42、aises farm animals.”（湖中的鱼为他提供了赚钱养家的途径。然而，由于他捕不到足够的鱼来养活家人，他现在饲养农场动物。）可知，在过去，Traore靠捕鱼养家。故选A。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中 “ If things go on like this, I dont think our children can become fishermen like us. They will have to choose other jobs, he 56-year-old Traore said.”（“如果这样下去，我想我们的孩子可能成为不了我们这样的渔民了。他们将不得不选择其

43、他工作，”56岁的特拉奥雷说。）可知，下一代人将会选择其他的职业。故选D。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段 “UN officials note that the flooding and a severe lack of rainfall can cause problems in the Sahel: Food insecurity, the fight over farmland and the fast population growth can lead to conflict.”（联合国官员指出，洪水和严重缺雨会给萨赫勒地区带来问题：粮食不安全、农田争夺和人口快速增长都可能导致

44、冲突。）可知，可知温度上升会导致水资源的问题。故选D。【11题详解】词句猜测题。根据上文“People in the rural areas Wegnia and Kononi-Sirakoro have planted 56,000 trees in the past two years.”（在Wegnia和Kononi-Sirakoro农村地区的人们在过去两年里种植了56000棵树。）以及下文“More and more people are turning to other agriculture.”（ 越来越多的人转向其他农业。）可知这里指的是这些村民通过建造石头屏障来使土壤保持雨水，

45、从而更好地控制水分。所以they指的是村民。故选C。DMen in Britain fear social shame of ordering vegetable dishes. There has been a red-wine-and-beef culture for a long time, in which men are expected to choose the food that is the richest, the fullest and the biggest. This may start from a time when meat was for most peopl

46、e more of an occasional feast choice than daily food, making it an economic status marker as well as one of strength. More recently, this has mixed with the growing culture of male physical perfection, with men spending more time in the gym to get that Instagram-perfect look, helped along by eating

47、lots of protein.Meat-eaters are increasingly aware of the ecological and health problems caused by their consumption. However, this isnt enough to make them give up eating meat, but if enough people packed it in, which means if eating meat became the exception, then even the most enthusiastic meat-e

48、ater might change their habits.Traditional ideas are poisoning our society. What should men do then, if they want to reduce their meat-eating without constant questioning of their choices? One answer may be to make a clean break. It is hard just to do less of something, because each time you need to order