2021北京西城高三(上)期末英语(教师版).docx

1、2021北京西城高三（上）期末英 语2021.1本试卷共14页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Past the breakers, about 50 feet from shore, two brothers were fighting for their lives. They had been swept out to sea in a strong c

2、urrent, their mouths barely able to stay above the 1 . Thick fog made it difficult for beachgoers to see the guys, but the screams were unmistakable. And every second counted. 2 , four surfers in wet suits were nearby. Narayan Weibel, Spenser Stratton, Adrian York and Taj Ortiz-Beck, all 16, were on

3、 their surfboards riding up and down the coast on five-foot waves when they heard the 3 . They turned and saw two bobbing (摆动) heads and four flailing (扑打) arms. “We looked at each other and knew these guys were about to drown (淹死),” Weibel told the reporter. Weibel, Stratton, and Ortiz-Beck paddled

4、 (用桨划) toward the swimmers while York headed to shore to find someone to call 911. He then dived back in to 4 his friends. As the surfers drew close, the brothers were 5 . Ortiz-Beck pulled up alongside the one brother. Grabbing him under his arms, he pulled him up onto his board. Stratton and Weibe

5、l, meanwhile, were trying to help the other. He was large, 250 to 300 pounds, and he was panicked. “Calm downwe 6 you!” Weibel shouted. York arrived 7 to help get the guy on top of the second board. They then paddled several minutes through a wild current to the medical help waiting onshore. The bro

6、thers were scared but 8 . “When we get a call like this one, its usually too 9 by the time we get there,” says Dillon Cleavenger, the lifeguard, “I cant say enough about what these boys did. They were willing and prepared to 10 their lives.” 1. A. board B. waterC. shipD. shore2. A. Luckily B. Surpri

7、singlyC. Surely D. Gradually3. A. newsB. storiesC. wordsD. cries 4. A. inviteB. guideC. helpD. greet5. A. striking B. strugglingC. strengtheningD. stretching6. A. met B. gotC. knewD. followed7. A. in fear B. in turnC. in timeD. in advance 8. A. proudB. strongC. satisfiedD. fine 9. A. late B. busyC.

8、farD. difficult10. A. save B. changeC. riskD. share第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。AIt was my first night out in that city, and when I saw the last bus home disappearing round the corner, I knew I had a problem. It was cold and I couldnt affo

9、rd a taxi, 11 I didnt want to bother my host family by asking them to pick me up. So I set off on foot, 12 (tell) myself it would only take me an hour or so. Four hours later, I was still walking. I was soaked (湿透的) through and my hands were frozen. When I eventually reached the house, the family sa

10、id how 13 (worry) theyd been, and asked why I hadnt phoned. By then I wished I had.BThe United Nations Childrens Fund, also known as UNICEF, is a United Nations organization based in New York. It offers help needed by children all over the world.UNICEF 14 (found) on 11 December, 1946 to provide food

11、 and healthcare to children in countries damaged in World War II. Since 1953, UNICEF (take) up an extended mission to help children in the developing world, including those living with disease or disabilities, and those affected by rapid modernization and environmental 16 (problem). Now, UNICEF has

12、been working 17 (improve) the lives of children and their families across 190 countries and territories. COnline eating shows, or Mukbang, originated in South Korea and have gained (popular) globally. Many hosts of such shows become popular for their ability to eat large amounts of food. But these s

13、hows have also received criticism their waste of food. On Aug. 12, CCTV exposed several Chinese hosts who were pretending to eat large amounts of food while on camera, but actually later threw it away. To discourage this practice, many video and livestreaming platforms, including Douyin, Kuaishou an

14、d Bilibili, have removed videos 20 show food waste, and have promoted messages to “stop food waste and eat reasonably”.第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Au What Are We Talking About?Its called the Mozzy Watch. It is a stylish and comfortable band tha

15、t instantly brings peace of mind, for it keeps those annoying mosquitoes away. It is made of a hardened ceramic material, so it is very tough and almost unbreakable. But how this device protects you against annoying insects is truly amazingu _Mozzy Watch uses ultrasonic sounds to repel (驱除) mosquito

16、es and flies! These ultrasonic frequencies are completely harmless to humans and pets. At first, we were skeptical about how this device could work without the use of chemicals. So, we decided to test it and the results were amazing. Everyone on our team experienced wonderful results after using Moz

17、zy Watch.u Key Mozzy Watch Features, Facts, and Benefits: Completely safe Everyone can use this device: kids, pregnant women and even pets. It uses no chemicals and the ultrasonic sounds it produces have been proven safe. Comfortable Mozzy Watch is lightweight and stylish. Rechargeable with long bat

18、tery life It can be charged using a normal USB charger and the battery can last up to one week. Improves quality of sleep No more annoying buzzing mosquito sounds around your ears.u How Much Does the Mozzy Watch Cost?The Mozzy Watch is just $79.90, which is more than worth it, considering how much y

19、ou save on the long run.But it gets even better! If you click on any of the promotional discount coupons below, youll get it for $49 AND FREE SHIPPING WORLDWIDE!u How Do I Get the Mozzy Watch?Now that you know about this amazing new product, order one from the official suppliers website here: Enjoy

20、peace of mind free from annoying mosquitoes and insects!21. Which would be the best heading for Paragraph 2?A. Why Do We Need Mozzy Watch?B. Who Are Suitable To Wear Mozzy Watch?C. How Does Mozzy Watch Work To Protect You?D. How Did Our Team Do the Test On Mozzy Watch?22. How does the author promote

21、 Mozzy Watch to consumers?A. By describing its stylish design in detail.B. By highlighting its unique technical features.C. By offering feedback from thousands of users.D. By giving special buy-one-get-one-free discounts.23. On what kind of website would you probably find this article?A. Health.B. O

22、pinion.C. Entertainment.D. Sports. BKajal moved to the United States in February 2017. Having previously volunteered for two years as an assistant yoga teacher in her home country, Kajal was enthusiastic about volunteering and began looking for volunteer opportunities that match her interests on Vol

23、unteerMatch. “I enjoy volunteering and its a way to make an impact in my new community,” says Kajal.Kajal was drawn to a volunteer opportunity with the Meridian International Center to review applications on behalf of theYoung Leaders of the Americas Initiative (YLAI). Kajal had previous experience,

24、 and the position also afforded her the opportunity to work remotely. After connecting with the opportunity on VolunteerMatch and successfully completing the application process, Kajal got to work. Her role involved reviewing applications from potential candidates for a four-week fellowship in the U

25、.S. She was responsible for describing the business ideas presented by these candidates, assessing the social impact of their businesses, and determining the strength of candidates to carry out their plans.With almost 4,000 applicants in 2017, Meridian International Center considers volunteers like

26、Kajal to be integral (必要的) members of the team. With help from volunteers, 250 candidates have now been selected to take part in the program and will travel to the U.S. this fall.Kajal says that this volunteer opportunity super-charged her existing skills, while helping her build new ones such as ti

27、me management, business analysis, decision-making, planning, and presenting.She is now looking for her next volunteer opportunity and reflects positively on her experience with Meridian International Center, “A new country brings in a lot of new experiences and volunteering helped me to settle into

28、a new environment,” adds Kajal. “By helping others, I felt needed in society. Not only did it improve my self-esteem (自尊), other people benefited too. Volunteering is a great opportunity to improve yourself, others, and the whole society”. 24. Why did Kajal look for a volunteering opportunity in the

29、 U.S.?A. She wanted to do something for her new community.B. She needed a chance to meet new people. C. She wanted to remember her yoga class.D. She needed to improve her social skills.25. One of Kajals jobs in YLAI is _.A. raising the candidates self-esteemB. building the candidates existing skills

30、C. helping the candidates do some volunteer workD. judging the social impact of candidates businesses26. How does Kajal feel about her experience with Meridian International Center?A. Rewarding. B. Tiring.C. Relaxing.D. Challenging.CHundreds of people die at sea every year due to ship and airplane a

31、ccidents. Emergency teams have little time to rescue those in the water because the probability of finding a person alive fall dramatically after six hours. Beyond tides and challenging weather conditions, unsteady coastal currents often make search and rescue operations extremely difficult.New insi

32、ght into coastal flows gained by an international research team led by George Haller, Professor of Nonlinear Dynamics at ETH Zurich, promises to enhance the search and rescue techniques currently in use. Using tools from dynamical systems theory and ocean data, the team has developed an algorithm (算

33、法) to predict where objects and people floating in water will go. “Our work has a clear potential to save lives,” says Mattia Serra, the first author of a study recently published in Nature Communications.In todays rescue operations at sea, complicated models of ocean dynamics and weather forecastin

34、g are used to predict the path of floating objects. For fast-changing coastal waters, however, such predictions are often inaccurate due to uncertain boundaries and missing data. As a result, a search may be launched in the wrong location, causing a loss of precious time.Hallers research team obtain

35、ed mathematical results predicting that objects floating on the oceans surface should gather along a few special curves (曲线) which they call TRansient Attracting Profiles (TRAPs). These curves cant be seen with our eyes but can be tracked from instant ocean surface current data using recent mathemat

36、ical methods developed by the ETH team. This enables quick and precise planning of search paths that are less sensitive to uncertainties in the time and place of the accident.In cooperation with a team from MIT, the ETH team tested their new, TRAP-based search algorithm in two separate ocean experim

37、ents near Marthas Vineyard, which is on the northeastern coast of the United States. Working from the same real-time data available to the Coast Guard, the team successfully identified TRAPs in the region in real time. They found that buoys and manikins (浮标和人体模型) thrown in the water indeed quickly g

38、athered along these emerging curves. “Of several competing approaches tested in this project, this was the only algorithm that consistently found the right location,” says Haller.“Our results are rapidly obtained, easy to interpret and cheap to perform,” points out Serra. Haller stresses: “Our hope

39、is that this method will become a standard part of the tool kit of coast guards everywhere.” 27. In a search and rescue operation, .A. the survival rate drops to almost zero after six hoursB. the use of dynamics leads to the wrong locationC. weather conditions are a determining factorD. changing cur

40、rents present a challenge28. What is the distinct feature of the new algorithm?A. It relies on ocean dynamics. B. It tracks the path of the curves.C. It stops the uncertainties of the accident. D. It figures out how tides change over time. 29. Paragraph 5 mainly talks about . A. the collection of da

41、taB. the testing of the algorithmC. the identification of the TRAPsD. the cooperation of two research teams30. What is the best title for the passage? A. Why Success Rates of Rescue Operations have Fallen B. Why Algorithms are Popular in Rescue OperationsC. How Mathematics Can Save Lives at SeaD. Ho

42、w Coastal Waters Affect Saving Lives DRecently the term “climate anxiety” has been used to better describe our growing concerns about climate change. While there is evidence that climate anxiety can be identified and reliably measured, whats less clear is how it relates to mental illness. Mental hea

43、lth providers across the world are noting the presence of climate anxiety in their patients; however, the degree to which it is influencing mental illness is not yet clear, though evidence addressing this question is slowly growing. For years now, mental health clinicians have seen climate anxiety i

44、nfluencing presentations of mental illness in a variety of ways, some extreme. Recent studies are starting to look at links between climate anxiety and mental illness in larger samples to help better understand the directionality of their relationship. In a U.S. survey of more than 340 people publis

45、hed in 2018, climate concerns were associated with depressive symptoms (症状). Ecological coping, which includes pro-environmental behaviors such as reducing energy consumption, appeared to be protective against depression, indicating that climate concerns and the poor coping skills used to address th

46、em could be causing depressive symptoms. So who might be more at risk of mental illness secondary to the uncertainties around climate change? Unsurprisingly, climate anxiety appears higher in individuals with more concern about environmental issues at baseline and those already experiencing direct e

47、ffects of climate change. Climatologists also face increased risk given their in-depth knowledge on the issue coupled with the upsetting task of trying to convey it to individuals and governments that often deny or downplay it. People with high levels of neuroticism, a personality trait that increas

48、es susceptibility to mental illness, are also likely to be at high risk.Some individuals report adaptive responses to climate anxiety like adopting pro-environmental behaviors and participating in collective action, while others are unable to respond behaviorally at all. Its not yet clear how these varying reactions manifest