高考英语写作辅导-写作概要writing-summary课件.ppt

1、Summary Writing本题总分为25分，按5个档次给分。评分时，先根据所写概要的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要去来衡量、确定或调整档次，最后给分。词数少于40的和多于80的，从总分中减去2分。评分时，应主要从以下四个方面考虑.拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个重要方面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。如书写较差以致影响交际，可将分数降低一个档次。1概要写作：提供一篇350词以内的短文，要求考生基于该短文写出一篇60词左右的内容概要 评分要点评分要点 1 1）理解准确，）理解准确，涵盖全部要点涵盖全部要点 2 2）准确使用准确使用相应的语法结构和词汇相应的语法结构和

2、词汇 3 3）有效使用语句间的连接成分，）有效使用语句间的连接成分，结构紧凑结构紧凑 4 4）完全使用自己的语言完全使用自己的语言 Summary writing for argumentation There is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt1.Readtopic:structureIn what order does the passage develop to show the different“attitudes”?Tip1:Read for topic and structure (2)In the early 16th centur

3、y,people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease,as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in.A particular danger was thought to lie in public baths.By 1538,the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom.So di

4、d the king of England in 1546.Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a friendly way.Henry IV,King of France,was famously dirty.Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath,the king ordered that,to avoid the attack of disease,the nobleman should not go out.(3

5、)Though the belief in the merit of dirt was long-lived,dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18th century.Scientifically speaking,cleaning away dirt is good to health.Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease.Yet,it seems that standard

6、s of cleanliness have moved beyond science since World War.Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea;clothes need to be whiter than white,cloths ever softer,surfaces to shine.Has the hate for dirt,however,gone too far?(4)Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays.Many first-time parents nervously

7、try to warn their children off touching dirt,which might be responsible for the spread of disease.On the contrary,Mary Ruebush,an American immunologist(免疫学家),encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system.And the latter position is gaining some ground.There is nothing fix

8、ed about attitudes to dirt2.Explore（探究）（探究）supporting ideasFind out the topic sentences of each paragraph Para 2:In the early 16th century,people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease,as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and l

9、et ills in.A particular danger was thought to lie in public baths.By 1538,the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom.So did the king of England in 1546.Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a friendly way.Henry IV,King of France,was famously di

10、rty.Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath,the king ordered that,to avoid the attack of disease,the nobleman should not go out.Examples of some European countries (Para 3)Though the belief in the merit of dirt was long-lived,dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the

11、18th century.Scientifically speaking,cleaning away dirt is good to health.Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease.Yet,it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond science since World War.Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea;clothes need to be whit

12、er than white,cloths ever softer,surfaces to shine.Has the hate for dirt,however,gone too far?(Para 4)Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays.Many first-time parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt,which might be responsible for the spread of disease.On the contrary,Mar

13、y Ruebush,an American immunologist(免疫学家),encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system.And the latter position is gaining some ground.Tip2:Explore for topic sentences,leaving out unnecessary points 3:Paraphrase（改写）（改写）There is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.differ

14、ent,mixed,variousopinions,views,ideas Attitudes to dirt vary in different times.People hold different/mixed opinions towards dirt over time.Tip 3.Paraphrase with synonyms(同义词）同义词）thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease of disease.lconsidered dirt on the skin.Paraphrase with sy

15、nonyms（同义句）（同义句）In the 18th century,regarded cleaning away dirt is good to health It was not until.that peole came to believe dirt.Centuries later,people came to on dirt,considering it to the skin.Tip 4:Paraphrase（改写）（改写）with structures(participle分词分词,with-structure结构结构,emphatic sentence强调句强调句 and s

16、o on)encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune systemlplay with dirt their immune system.some dirt our immune system.Paraphrase with synonyms People hold mixed opinions towards dirt on our skin.In the 16th century,people of some European countries,believed that dirt protect

17、ed people from getting ill.People began to change their attitudes to dirt more than 200 years ago.They have been told that washing dirt off our body can keep us healthy.Nowadays,some scientists believe that exposure to some dirt may help our immune system.However,Nevertheless/But,people 4:Polish（润色）

18、（润色）nowadays,Tip 5:Polish with connectives to make it coherent.5.Copy Tip 6:Copy with cleannessHow to write a summary REPCP5STEPS6TIPS Topic and structureTopic/supporting sentencesConnectives/CoherenceCleannessSynonymsStructuresExerciseRead and write with the steps and tips Getting up early has been

19、 regarded as a good habit since ancient times.Many years ago,people thought that if we went to bed early and got up early,we would be energetic the whole day.Nowadays,people still hold the same view.So,getting up early is of great importance to us all.In fact,morning is the best time of a day.In the

20、 morning,the air is the freshest and people are usually in the best conditions.Many of us may have the experiences that we memorize some things more quickly and accurately in the morning than at any other time of the day.Additionally,if we get up early and do some morning exercise or only take a sho

21、rt walk in the morning,without doubt we can build our bodies and become much healthier.That is why many people getting up early do physical exercise year after year.Also,we will have enough time to make a plan and get ready for our work or study of the day if we get up early.For example,if everyone

22、in the family gets up early,wife will have enough time to prepare the breakfast for the whole family.Children will have enough time to catch the school bus,and husband will never forget to change his dirty shirt.Everything is in order.What a harmonious scene!However,if we get up late,well probably h

23、ave to do everything in a great hurry,making it in a mess.Let us remember getting up early is a good habit and try our best to keep it.Late risers may find it difficult to form the habit of getting up early.They have to make efforts to do so.If we stick to getting up early every day,we will certainl

24、y benefit a lot from it.The importance of getting up early in the morning can never be too overemphasized.In the first place,our brain works faster and more correctly.Whats more,we can be increasingly healthy by breathing the fresh air and working out in the morning.Lastly,it enables us to make good

25、 preparations for the day.Factors总分为总分为25分；一个星星代表分；一个星星代表1分，分，5星星-好好 4星星-较好较好 3星星-一般一般 2星星-较差较差 1星星-差差 理解准确，涵盖全部要点理解准确，涵盖全部要点 准确使用相应的语法结构和词汇准确使用相应的语法结构和词汇 有效使用语句间连接成分，结构有效使用语句间连接成分，结构紧凑紧凑 完全使用自己的语言完全使用自己的语言 字数60左右(不少于40不多于80);标点规范;拼写正确;书写工整美观 Assessment P W要点守恒 扩词成句压缩文本提炼关键词W S增色添彩连句成篇S P解题思路解题思路2Wh

26、en?Where?Who?What?Why?How?Stone SoupWhen?Where?Who?What?Why?How?Stone SoupWhen?Where?Who?What?Why?How?1.long ago,sun in the sky 2.a poor little town3.a young man4.hungrywanted to ask for something to eat refused to give him food.5.All the people had a little food,but not enough to share.6.had an ide

27、a.made a firecooked the stone soup attracted the people to put some food into it.shared.Long ago,a young man came into a poor little town.He was very hungry and wanted to ask for some food to eat.But the people refused to give him any food.Because all the people had a little food,but not enough to share.So He had an idea.He made a fire in the middle of town and cooked stone soup.It attracted people to go out and put some food into the pot.When the soup was ready,the young man shared the soup with all of them.c concise,oncise,c complete,omplete,c correct,orrect,c coherentoherent