高考英语-各种词类句型分析课件.ppt

1、1.冠词（冠词（4点）点）除复习冠词的基本用法外，其除复习冠词的基本用法外，其“例外例外”用法值得注意。用法值得注意。1).表示表示“某一某一”的意思时，专有名的意思时，专有名词及月份、星期的名词前用词及月份、星期的名词前用a或或an。例如：。例如：On a Saturday morning he got lost in the mountain.2).a/an+名词名词+修饰性的定语修饰性的定语从句或介词短语。例如：从句或介词短语。例如：Mrs.Taylor has _ 8-year-old daughter who has _ gift for painting she has won t

2、wo national prizes.（2005浙江）浙江）A.a;a B.an;the C.an;a D.the;a 又如：又如：For him _ stage is just _ means of making a living.(2006山东山东)A.a;a B.the;a C.the;the D.a;the 3).在句中第一次出现的名词不等于在句中第一次出现的名词不等于不特指，完全看语境的暗示。例不特指，完全看语境的暗示。例如：如：I knocked over my coffee cup.It went right over _ keyboard.You shouldnt put dr

3、inks near _ computer.(2006北京北京)A.the;不填不填 B.the;a C.a;不填不填 D.a;a The stage 影员职业影员职业;go on the stage 从事从事影艺职业影艺职业;on stage 在演出在演出4).music、nature、society前通前通常不用冠词，除非特指。例如：常不用冠词，除非特指。例如：I know you dont like _ music very much.But what do you think of _ music in the film we saw yesterday?(2006全国全国III)A./

4、;/B.the;the C.the;/D./;the 2.形容词、副词（形容词、副词（3点）点）1).几个形容词作定语的排序问题。几个形容词作定语的排序问题。理论上若干形容词可共同作一理论上若干形容词可共同作一个名词的定语，其排列顺序是：描个名词的定语，其排列顺序是：描绘形容词绘形容词+大小大小(长短高低长短高低)形容词形容词+形状形容词形状形容词+年龄年龄(新旧新旧)形容词形容词+颜颜色形容词色形容词+国籍形容词国籍形容词+材料形容词材料形容词+用途用途(类别类别)形容词形容词+名词。名词。例如：例如：This _ girl is Linds cousin.(2005北京北京)A.prett

5、y little Spanish B.Spanish little prettyC.Spanish pretty little D.little pretty Spanish 2).绝不能忽略绝不能忽略less、least及及worse,worst等表示等表示“更少更少”、“最少最少”、“更糟更糟”、“最糟最糟”等概念等概念的比较级和最高级的使用。例的比较级和最高级的使用。例如：如：Alan is a careful driver,but he drives _ of my friends.（2007上海）上海）A.more carefullyB.the most carefullyC.les

6、s carefully D.the least carefully3).cannottoo无论无论也不过也不过分分/cannotmore再再不过不过了。例如：了。例如：Must I turn off the gas after cooking?Of course.You can never be _ careful with that.(2005江西江西)A.enough B.too C.so D.very Go for a picnic this weekend,OK?_.I love getting close to nature.(2004福建福建)A.I couldnt agree m

7、ore B.Im afraid notC.I believe not D.I dont think so 1)指代词指一种情况指代词指一种情况:例如：例如：Id appreciate _ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.(2006山东山东)A.that B.it C.this D.you 又如：又如：I hate _ when people talk with their mouths full.(NMET1998)A.it B.that C.these D.them 2).one、the one都可以作同位语。被都可

8、以作同位语。被说明的名词为特指时，同位语用说明的名词为特指时，同位语用the one，反之则用，反之则用one。例如：。例如：My most famous relative of all,_ who really left his mark on America,was Rob Sussel,my great grandfather.（2006江苏）江苏）A.one B.the one C.he D.someone 4.动词的时态（动词的时态（4点）点）1).时间、条件状语从句中的谓语动词时间、条件状语从句中的谓语动词可以用完成时替代将来时。例如：可以用完成时替代将来时。例如：_ leave

9、at the end of this month.I dont think you should do that until _ another job.(2006北京北京)A.Im going to;youd found B.Im going to;youve foundC.Ill;youll find D.Ill;youd find 2).一般过去时可以与段时间连用。一般过去时可以与段时间连用。例如：例如：I _ in London for many years,but Ive never regretted my final decision to move back to China.

10、（2006重庆）重庆）A.lived B.was living C.have lived D.had lived 3).It is/was the first/second time+完成时。例如：完成时。例如：Do you know our town at all?No,this is the first time I _ here.(NMET91)A.was B.have been C.came D.am coming 4).表示思维的动词，如：表示思维的动词，如：think、want、hope、plan、intend、mean、suppose等可以用过去完等可以用过去完成时或一般过去时表

11、示事与愿违的成时或一般过去时表示事与愿违的情况。例如：情况。例如：Ouch!You hurt me!I am sorry.But I _ any harm.I _ to drive a rat out.（2007江西）江西）A.didnt mean;tried B.dont mean;am tryingC.havent meant;tried D.didnt mean;was trying 5.情态动词（情态动词（2点）点）1).表示猜测、推测：表示猜测、推测：must用在肯定句中；用在肯定句中；can,could用在疑问句中；用在疑问句中；may,might,can,could用在用在肯定句

12、或否定句中。肯定句或否定句中。may、might侧重从事实的角度做出猜侧重从事实的角度做出猜测，而测，而can、could则侧重从逻辑则侧重从逻辑角度做出猜测。角度做出猜测。例如：例如：Helen _ go on the trip with us,but she isnt quite sure yet.（2005安徽）安徽）A.shall B.must C.may D.can 又如：又如：Ive taken someone elses green sweater by mistake.It _ Harrys.He always wears green.(2005广东广东)A.has to be

13、 B.will be C.mustnt be D.could be 2).表示埋怨、责怪：表示埋怨、责怪：should(not)+have done ought(not)to+have done could+have done neednt+have done例如：例如：My cats really fat.You _ have given her so much food.（2007浙江）浙江）A.wouldnt B.couldnt C.shouldnt D.mustnt 1)非谓语动词的基本概念非谓语动词的基本概念:例如：例如：There have been several new eve

14、nts _ to the program for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.(2006北京北京)A.add B.to addC.adding D.added 2)英汉结构的差异英汉结构的差异:如：如：Dont sit there _ nothing.Come and help me with this table.（2006湖北湖北)A.do B.to do C.doing D.and doing 3).非谓语动词的时间差非谓语动词的时间差 to do表示经常、将要或正表示经常、将要或正在进行的动作，在进行的动作，to be doing强强调正在进行调正在进

15、行,to have done则表则表示已经发生的动作。示已经发生的动作。doing表示经常或正在进行表示经常或正在进行的动作，的动作，having done表示已经表示已经完成的动作。完成的动作。done表示已经完成的动作。表示已经完成的动作。4)非谓语动词的辩义非谓语动词的辩义:例如：例如：_ this cake,youll need 2 eggs,175 g sugar and 175 g flour.(2006广东广东)A.Having made B.Make C.To make D.Making 再如：再如：5)非谓语的时间差非谓语的时间差:After he became consci

16、ous，he remembered _ and _on the head with a rod(2006江西江西)A.to attack;hit Bto be attacked；to be hit C.attacking；be hit D.having been attacked；hit6).独立主格结构独立主格结构 独立主格结构的构成形式；独立主格结构的构成形式；独立主格结构的逻辑主语。独立主格结构的逻辑主语。例如：例如：The children went home from the grammar school,their lessons _ for the day.（2007重庆）重庆）

17、A.finishing B.finishedC.had finished D.were finished又如：又如：John received an invitation to dinner,and with his work _,he gladly accepted it.（2007安徽）安徽）A.finished B.finishing C.having finished D.was finished 再如：再如：Come on,please give me some ideas about the project.Sorry.With so much work _ my mind,I a

18、lmost break down.（2007福建）福建）A.filledB.filling C.to fillD.being filled 7).非谓语动词作状语为已知条件，在非谓语动词作状语为已知条件，在选择句子时，要考虑句子的主语与非选择句子时，要考虑句子的主语与非谓语动词的逻辑关系。例如：谓语动词的逻辑关系。例如：Faced with a bill for$10,000,_.(2006全国全国II)A.John has taken an extra job B.the boss has given John an extra jobC.an extra job has been take

19、n D.an extra job has been given to John 8).下列动词短语中的下列动词短语中的to为介词：为介词：object to be/get used tobe dedicated to（专注于）（专注于）be devoted to look forward to contribute to pay attention to be adjusted to（适应于）（适应于）be adapted to（适合于）（适合于）get down tostick to prefer to例如：例如：Isnt it time you got down to _ the pape

20、rs?（2006重庆）重庆）A.mark B.be marked C.being marked D.marking 9).现在分词、不定式都可以作结果现在分词、不定式都可以作结果状语的区别。例如：状语的区别。例如：He hurried to the booking office only _ that all the tickets had been sold out.(2006全国全国II)A.to tell B.to be told C.telling D.told 又如：又如：We often provide our children with toys,footballs or bas

21、ketballs,_ that all children like these things.(2006全国全国III)A.thinking B.think C.to think D.thought 10).need/want/require/deserve+doing/to be done例如：例如：As a result of the serious flood,two-thirds of the buildings in the area _.（2007陕西）陕西）A.need repairing B.needs to repairC.needs repairingD.need to r

22、epair1).what不能引导定语从句。例如：不能引导定语从句。例如：You can only be sure of _ you have at present;you cannot be sure of something _ you might get in the future.（2007安徽）安徽）A.that;what B.what;/C.which;that D./;that 2).as、which在引导非限定性定在引导非限定性定语从句时的异同点。例如：语从句时的异同点。例如：The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of impr

23、ovements and employ more people to keep it running,_ meant spending tens of thousands of pounds.（2006江江苏）苏）A.who B.that C.as D.which 3).where可以引导地点状语从句。可以引导地点状语从句。例如：例如：Mom,what did your doctor say?He advised me to live _ the air is fresher.(2006四川四川)A.in where B.in which C.the place where D.where 又

24、如：又如：If you are traveling _ the customs are really foreign to your own,please do as the Romans do.（2006天津）天津）A.in which B.what C.when D.where 4).当先行词是当先行词是situation、point、case时，定语从句由关系副词时，定语从句由关系副词where引导。例如：引导。例如：After graduation she reached a point in her career _ she needed to decide what to do.（

25、2007江西）江西）A.that B.what C.which D.where又如：又如：Today,well discuss a number of cases _ beginners of English fail to use the language properly.（2007陕西）陕西）A.whichB.as C.whyD.whereKey:AKey:BKey:BKey:A12.句型（句型（9个）个）1.It isthat/who2.It isbefore3.It issince 4.Its the first/second time 5.It is not untilthat 6.Its time 7.祈使句祈使句+or/otherwise+陈述句陈述句 8.祈使句祈使句+and+陈述句陈述句 9.表示表示“倍数倍数”的常用句型：的常用句型：A is times as+原级原级+as B A is times+the+名词名词+of B A is times+比较级比较级+than B