(2021年)高考英语真题试卷(北京卷)带答案解析.docx

1、2021年高考英语真题试卷（北京卷）一、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）（共3题；共15分）1.阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 On the first day of my first grade, I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach. I _ (voice) my biggest concern to my mother. How will I make friends? She handed me advice. B

2、e yourself. For the past 20 years. I have lived by these words. Soon I will graduate and become part of the real world. Nervously _ (face) challenges. I know I will whisper to _ (I) the two simple words Be yourself.【答案】 voiced；facing；myself 【考点】语法填空 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述作者一年级对交友感到困惑，妈妈的建议Be yourself让他

3、受益终身。 （1）考查时态。句意：我向妈妈表达了我最大的担忧，“我将如何交朋友？”此处的voice是动词，“表达”的意思，作谓语。叙述的是一年级的事情，用一般过去式。故填voiced。 （2）考查非谓语动词。句意：紧张地面对挑战，我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字 “Be yourself”。分析句式可知，此处是做句子的状语，要用非谓语动词，其逻辑主语是I，与逻辑主语之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填facing。 （3）考查代词。句意：紧张地面对挑战，我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字“Be yourself”。本句的主语是I，当宾语与主语是同一人称时，宾语要用反身代词。故填myself

4、。 【点评】本题考点涉及非谓语动词，时态，代词等知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。2.阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Earth Day, _ (mark)on 22 April, is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection. First celebrated _ 1

5、970, the Day now includes events in more than 190 countries and regions (地区). No matter what you like to do, there is a way to get involved in various _ (activity) on Earth Day. You can plant a tree, make a meal with locally grown vegetables, or save powerthe possibilities are endless.【答案】 marked；in

6、；activities 【考点】语法填空 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了地球日这一节日的历史和意义。 （1）考查非谓语动词。句意：地球日于4月22日举行，是一项旨在提高公众环保意识的年度活动。分析句式可知，设空处是要做名词Earth Day的后置定语，且两者之间是被动关系，要用过去分词。故填marked。 （2）考查介词。句意：第一次庆祝是在1970年。如今，这一天的活动遍及190多个国家和地区。在年份前要用介词in。故填in。 （3）考查名词。句意：无论你喜欢做什么，有一个方法可以让你参与地球日的各种活动。根据设空前的修饰词various可知，此处要用名词的复数。故填activit

7、ies。 【点评】本题考点涉及非谓语动词，名词以及介词等知识点的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。3.阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Does the name of the college you attend really matter? Research on the question _ (suggest) that, for most students, it doesnt. What

8、 students do at college seems to matter much more than _ they go. The students benefitting most from college are those _ are totally engaged (参与) in academic life. taking full advantage of the colleges chances and resources (资源). Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking

9、 about which college to attend, and its never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and _ (meaning) college experience.【答案】 suggests/suggested/has suggested；where；who/that；meaningful 【考点】语法填空 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，研究表明，大学的名气对学生来说并不重要，从大学生活中受益最多的是完全投入学术生活，充分利用大学机会和资源的学生。所以要以正确的态度来选择大学。 （1

10、）考查时态。句意：对于这个问题的研究表明，对于大多数学生来说，它不重要。这里表示研究的客观结果，所以用一般现在时，一般过去时或现在完成时均可，故填suggests/suggested/has suggested。 （2）考查宾语从句。句意：学生在大学里做什么似乎比去哪里（哪所大学）更重要。这里表达去哪所大学，表示地点，作状语。故用where。 （3）考查定语从句。句意：从大学中获益最多的学生是那些完全投入学术生活的学生。 are totally engaged(参与)in academic life.是定语从句，修饰先行词those，空格处在句中作主语，代指人，故填who或that。 （4）考

11、查形容词。这里与前面的healthy并列，修饰后面的名词college experience，故此处也要用形容词。故填meaningful。 【点评】本题考点涉及时态，宾语从句，定语从句以及形容词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。二、完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）（共1题；共30分）4.阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Regardless of the weather or the distance, Pau

12、l Wilson will make sure low-income students in his neighbourhood arrive at their college classes on time. A retired engineer, 76-year-old Wilson has been 1 free rides to college students for the past eight years. Since he first started 2 his car to the young people. Wilson has 3 am astonishing 64, 0

13、00 miles, and has had countless pleasant and often humorous 4 with the students he transports to and from school. The students who hes 5 have gone on to become physicians, teachers and engineers, but what theyve also got out of their time in school is finding a role model and a friend in Wilson. Som

14、e students 6 call him Grandpa. Tina Stern 7 rides from Wilson for all her four years in college, and the trips meant much more to her than just free 8 . Its not just a ride；youre not just sitting there in 9 silence or with your headphones on. Stern said. He asks you questions and actually 10 the ans

15、wers, so the next time you ride with him, hell 11 those things. Wilson first worked as a driver through a student-support programme of the non-profit organisation. On Point for College. Although the 12 asks the members only to drive students to and from their classes, Wilson often goes 13 to ensure

16、the welfare and safety of the students. If they have problems with registration. Wilson is there to 14 them. If they run out of certain daily necessities. Wilson will drive to the nearest store and purchase whats needed. If a student gets hungry on the long drives to and from school, Wilson never 15

17、 to buy them a meal. For many students, Wilsons help is not only appreciated, its also entirely 16 for them to be able to complete their college education. Some students dont have a reliable car, while others have to 17 vehicles with parents who work six days a week. For them, riding with Wilson has

18、 18 them to complete their educationbut according to Wilson, he benefits just as much from the 19 . I just love driving and I love these kids, Wilson said. Its such a(n) 20 to be a part of these kids lives, even just for a few hours, getting to know them and hearing their stories.1. A. linkingB. sen

19、dingC. offeringD. distributing2. A. donatingB. lendingC. deliveringD. volunteering3. A. pavedB. coveredC. measuredD. wandered4. A. argumentsB. interviewsC. negotiationsD. conversations5. A. metB. drivenC. addressedD. greeted6. A. evenB. everC. onceD. already7. A. earnedB. receivedC. assessedD. deman

20、ded8. A. transportationB. styleC. timeD. communication9. A. forcedB. awkwardC. ridiculousD. suspicious10. A. selectsB. recitesC. guessesD. remembers11. A. act onB. settle onC. check onD. agree on12. A. clubB. leagueC. collegeD. programme13. A. farB. aroundC. beyondD. forwards14. A. assistB. watchC.

21、urgeD. warm15. A. expectsB. attemptsC. managesD. hesitates16. A. extraB. unusualC. necessaryD. adequate17. A. shareB. fuelC. repairD. exchange18. A. requiredB. allowedC. remindedD. convinced19. A. experienceB. arrangementC. appreciationD. employment20. A. effortB. ambitionC. privilegeD. convenience【

22、答案】 （1）C；（2）D；（3）B；（4）D；（5）B；（6）A；（7）B；（8）A；（9）B；（10）D；（11）C；（12）D；（13）C；（14）A；（15）D；（16）C；（17）A；（18）B；（19）A；（20）C； 【考点】记叙文，人物故事类 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了76岁的Paul Wilson八年来一直免费接送低收入的学生上学的感人事迹。 （1）考查动词。A. linking“连接”；B. sending“寄送”； C. offering“提供”；D. distributing“分配”。根据第一段可知，Paul Wilson确保低收入的学生按时到达学校。由此

23、可以推知，该句应指：Wilson给那些学生提供免费的乘车服务。故选C。 （2）考查动词。A. donating“ 捐献，捐赠”；B. lending“借出”；C. delivering“发表，投递”；D. volunteering“自愿”。根据上文中的“free rides”可知，Wilson是主动自愿将自己的汽车提供给那些学生的。故选D。 （3）考查动词。A. paved“铺设，安排”；B. covered“行走，覆盖”；C. measured“”测量”；D. wandered “徘徊，漫步”。Wilson让那些学生免费搭车，迄今他已经行程64,000英里。表示“行走一段路程”，应用cove

24、r。故选B。 （4）考查名词。A. arguments“争论”；B. interviews“接见，采访”；C. negotiations“谈判”；D. conversations“谈话”。 Wilson在接送学生们上下学的过程中，和学生之间有愉快幽默的“谈话，交谈”，故选D。 （5）考查动词。A. met“遇见”；B. driven“驾车，开车”；C. addressed“从事，忙于，写地址”；D. greeted“问候，迎接”。根据上文可知，Wilson每天接送那些学生，这些学生现在已经成为了物理学家，教师，工程师等。该空应该对应上一句中的“he transports to and from

25、 school”， drive“驾车送（人）”。故选B。 （6）考查副词。A. even“甚至”；B. ever“永远，曾经”；C. once“一次，曾经”；D. already“已经”。这些学生将Wilson当作他们的偶像和朋友，有的甚至称他为“爷爷”。该空表示递进，故选A。 （7）考查动词。A. earned“获得”；B. received“收到”；C. assessed“评估”；D. demanded“要求”。根据后面的介词from可以推知，Tina Stern从Wilson那儿获得免费的乘车机会。故选B。 （8）考查名词。A .transportation“运输，运送”；B. styl

26、e“风格，类型”；C. time“时间，次数”；D. communication“交流”。对Tina Stern来说，这些行程不仅仅只是免费的运送而已。transportation意为“运送”。故选A。 （9）考查形容词。A. forced“强迫的”；B. awkward“尴尬的，笨拙的”；C. ridiculous“可笑的”；D. suspicious “可疑的，怀疑的”。Tina说：“那不仅仅是坐车而已。你并不只是坐在那儿，陷入令人尴尬的沉默中，也不是戴着耳麦坐在那儿。”坐在车里，彼此不交谈，只是沉默，这当然是令人尴尬的。故选B。 （10）考查动词。A .selects“选择”；B. re

27、cites“背诵”；C. guesses“猜测”；D. remembers“记住，记得”。每次坐车的时候，Wilson会问这些学生问题，然后记住答案。故选D。 （11）考查动词短语。A. act on“对起作用”；B. settle on“定居，决定”；C. check on“检查，核实”；D. agree on“对取得一致意见”。在坐车的时候，Wilson会问这些学生问题，然后记住答案。下一次这些学生再坐车的时候， Wilson会检查上次提到的这些东西。该句指的是在乘车期间，Wilson会利用这个机会了解考查学生们的学习情况。故选C。 （12）考查名词。A. club“俱乐部”；B. lea

28、gue“联盟，社团”；C. college“大学”；D. programme“项目，计划”。Wilson最初通过一个非盈利组织On Point for College的一个项目作了一名司机。该项目只要求它的成员们接送孩子们上下学。根据上句中的“student-support programme”可知，故选D。 （13）考查副词。A. far“远地”；B. around“到处”；C. beyond“更远处，超过”；D. forwards“向前”。结合下文中提到的“If they have problems with registration, Wilson is there to _ them.

29、 If they run out ofIf a student gets hungry”可知，Wilson的所作所为超过了该项目的要求。故选C。 （14）考查动词。A. assist“帮助”；B. watch“观看”；C. urge“强烈要求”；D. warm“使温暖”。如果孩子们在登记方面有问题，Wilson会去帮助他们（解决相关的问题）。故选A。 （15）考查动词。A. expects“期望”；B. attempts“试图”；C. manages“经营，设法”；D. hesitates“犹豫”。从上文举的例子可知，该部分都表达的是Wilson对孩子们的帮助。因此该处应指：当孩子们在上下学的

30、途中饿了的时候，Wilson都会马上给他们去买吃的，从未犹豫过。故选D。 （16）考查形容词。A. extra“额外的”；B. unusual“不寻常的”；C. necessary“必需的”；D. adequate“充足的，适当的”。根据下文中“Some students dont have a reliable car, while others.For them, riding with Wilson has _ them to complete their education”可知，对于那些乘车有困难的学生来说，乘坐Wilson的车对于他们完成大学教育来说是必需的。故选C。 （17）考查

31、动词。A. share“分享”；B. fuel“加燃料”；C. repair“修理”；D. exchange“交换”。有的学生没法得到可靠的汽车，有的学生必须和他们一周工作六天的家长共用车辆。表示“共用”，需用share。故选A。 （18）考查动词。A. required“需要”；B. allowed“允许”；C. reminded“提醒，使想起”；D. convinced“说服，使信服”。乘坐Wilson的汽车使得他们可以完成大学教育。allow sb. to do sth.固定短语“使得某人做某事，使某人能够做某事”，故选B。 （19）考查名词。A. experience“经历，经验”；B

32、. arrangement“安排”；C. appreciation“欣赏，感激”；D. employment “雇用，使用”。Wilson认为自己从接送学生们上学的“经历”中受益颇多。故选A。 （20）考查名词。A. effort“努力”；B. ambition“雄心，志向”；C. privilege“荣幸，特权，优待”；D. convenience“ 方便，便利”。Wilson认为自己从接送学生们上学的“经历”中受益颇多。在这个过程中，他认识了这些学生，听到他们的故事，他认为这是自己的荣幸，故选C。 【点评】本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇记叙文，要求

33、考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。三、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）（共4题；共30分）5.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Want to explore new cultures, meet new people and do something worthwhile at the same time? You can do all the three with Global Development Association (GDA).Whatever stage of life your

34、e at, wherever you go and whatever project you do in GDA, youll create positive changes in a poor and remote community (社区). We work with volunteers of all ages and backgrounds. Most of our volunteers are aged 17-24. Now we need volunteer managers aged 25-75.They are extremely important in the safe

35、and effective running of our programmes. We have such roles as project managers, mountain leaders, and communication officers. Depending on which role you choose, you could help to increase a communitys access to safe drinking water, or help to protect valuable local cultures. You might also design

36、an adventure challenge to train young volunteers. Not only will you help our young volunteers to develop personally, youll also learn new skills and increase your cultural awareness. You may have chances to meet new people wholl become your lifelong friends. This summer we have both 4-week and 7-wee

37、k programmes:CountrySchedule4-week programmes7-week programmesAlgeria5 Jul.- 1Aug.20Jun. -7Aug.Egypt24 Jul-20 Aug.19Jun.-6 Aug.Kenya20 Jul.-16Aug.18 Jun.-5 Aug.South Africa2Aug.-29 Aug.15 Jun.-2Aug. GDA ensures that volunteers work with community members and local project partners where our help is

38、needed. All our projects aim to promote the development of poor and remote communities. There is no other chance like a GDA programme. Join us as a volunteer manager to develop your own skills while bringing benefits to the communities. Find out more about joining a GDA programme: Website: www.glode

39、ve.org Email: humanresourcesglodeve.org（1）What is the main responsibility of volunteer managers? A.To seek local partnersB.To take in young volunteersC.To carry out programmesD.To foster cultural awareness（2）The programme beginning in August will operate in _. A.EgyptB.AlgeriaC.KenyaD.South Afria（3）

40、The shared goal of GDAs projects to _. A.explore new culturesB.protect the environmentC.gain corporate benefitD.help communities in need【答案】 （1）C（2）D（3）D 【考点】细节理解题，时文广告类，说明文 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，Global Development Association(GDA)致力于积极的改变贫穷和偏远的社区，在这里能探索新的文化，结识新朋友，同时做一些值得的事。作者为GDA招募志愿者并介绍了今年夏天的具体项目。（1）细节

41、理解题。根据第三段中的“Depending on which role you choose, you could help to increase .,or help to project.You might also design.”可知，根据岗位不同，管理人员可以帮助增加小区的饮用水，可以规划地方文化，可以设计挑战项目培训年轻的志愿者，从这些内容上可以判断出其主要职责是执行项目计划。故选C。（2）细节理解题。根据这个表格中4-week programmes中的最后一个South Africa 2 Aug-29 Aug，可知八月在南非开始，故选D。（3）细节理解题。根据第一段中的“youl

42、l create positive changes in a poor and remote community.”和倒数第二段中地“All our projects aim to promote the development of poor and remote communities”可知，其目标就是促进偏远贫穷区域的发展，即帮助有需要的社区。故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生要求准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。6.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Alice Moore is a teenager

43、 entrepreneur (创业者), who in May 2015 set up her business AilieCandy. By the time she was 13, her company was worth millions of dollars with the invention of a super-sweet treat that could save kids teeth, instead of destroying them. It all began when Moore visited a bank with her dad. On the outing,

44、 she was offered a candy bar. However, her dad reminded her that sugary treats were bad for her teeth. But Moore was sick of missing out on candies. So she desired to get round the warning, Why cant I make a healthy candy thats good for my teeth so that my parents cant say no to it? With that in min

45、d, Moore asked her dad if she could start her own candy company. He recommended that she do some research and talk to dentists about what a healthier candy would contain. With her dads permission, she spent the next two years researching online and conducting trials to get a recipe that was both tas

46、ty and tooth-friendly. She also approached dentists to learn more about teeth cleaning. Consequently, she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural sweeteners, which can reduce oral bacteria. Moore then used her savings to get her business of the ground. Afterwards, she and her father secured their first business meeting with a supermarket owner, who finally agreed to sell Moores product-Cancandy. As CanCandys success grows, so does Moores credibility as a young entrepreneur. Moo