定语从句复习课件讲义.ppt

1、1.关系词的选用关系词的选用2.that与与which3.介词介词+关系代词引导定语从句关系代词引导定语从句4.the way做先行词做先行词5.定语从句中的主谓一致定语从句中的主谓一致 6.as的使用的使用7.对对where的考查的考查8.综合考查综合考查考点考点难点难点考点考点1：如何选择关系词如何选择关系词 1.(1)This is the house _the teacher wanted to buy.(2)This is the house _a fire broke out last year.which/that/where/in which 2.(1)We will neve

2、r forget the days _we spent in the factory.(2)we will never forget the days _ we worked in the factory.which/that/when/during which 选择关系词秘诀选择关系词秘诀:1.看先行词。看先行词。2.看从句缺什么成分看从句缺什么成分.(缺主语、宾语或定语填关系代词缺主语、宾语或定语填关系代词,缺状语则缺状语则填关系副词填关系副词)1)Do you have anything _ you dont understand?2)The only thing _ we can do

3、 is to give you some advice.3)Who is the man _ is standing there?4)Her bag,in _ she put all her money,has been stolen.5)She heard a terrible noise，_ brought her heart into her mouth.thatthatthatwhichwhich考点考点2：that 与与 which1:先行词是先行词是everything,nothing,anything,something,much,little,none等等不定代词或不定代词或

4、由不定代词由不定代词any,some,no,much,few,little,every,all等等修饰时修饰时,引导定语从句用引导定语从句用that不用不用 which。2：先行词被形容词：先行词被形容词最高级最高级或或序数词序数词修饰且指物时修饰且指物时,引导定语从句用引导定语从句用that。3:先行词中先行词中既既有人又有事物有人又有事物时，引导定语从句用时，引导定语从句用 that。4:先行词被先行词被the very,the only等修饰且指物时等修饰且指物时,引导定引导定 语从句用语从句用that。5：当先行词前面：当先行词前面有有who/which等疑问代词等疑问代词时，为避免时

5、，为避免重复只用重复只用that。1.指物，介词后。指物，介词后。2.用于非限制定语从句中用于非限制定语从句中只使用只使用that应遵循的规则应遵循的规则只使用只使用which应遵循的规则应遵循的规则考点考点3：介词：介词+关系词关系词1.I was given three books on cooking,the first _I really enjoyed.A.of that B.of which C.that D.which做题技巧做题技巧?定语从句句首为介词时定语从句句首为介词时,后可接的关系词为后可接的关系词为:介词介词+whom/which/whose2.This is the

6、hero of_ I am proud.3.I recognized the boss in company my sister was working.whosewhom关系代词前介词的确定关系代词前介词的确定1.根据句子的意思判断。根据句子的意思判断。e.g.Is that the newspaper for which you often write articles?2.与从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配与从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配。e.g.Can you explain to me how to use these idioms about which Im not sure?3.与先

7、行词的搭配与先行词的搭配。e.g.1949 was the year in which the P.R.C.was founded.=when关系副词关系副词when,where,why可以用适当的可以用适当的介词介词+which来替代。来替代。1.Do you know the boy _ _ your mother is talking?2.I still remember the day _ _ I first got to Paris.3.He gave me some novels _ _ I am not very familiar.to whomwith whichon whic

8、hThis is the child who/whom/that I will look after.（固定短语，介词不前置）（固定短语，介词不前置）5.译：这是我要照顾的小孩。译：这是我要照顾的小孩。4.He gave me some novels _ _ I am not very familiar with.which/that/不填不填Practice4.非限制性定语从句中，要表示先行词的一部分时，可非限制性定语从句中，要表示先行词的一部分时，可用用“数词数词/代词代词+of+关系代词关系代词”的结构。的结构。e.g.There are 50 students in our class

9、,two-thirds of whom have been to Beijing.5.Whose从句可转换为从句可转换为“of+which/whom”型，如：型，如：e.g.They live in a house,whose door opens to the south.They lived in a house,of which the door opens to the south.They lived in a house,the door of which opens to the south.做题技巧做题技巧?1.The way _he explained the sentenc

10、e to us was not difficult to understand.2.The way _he explained to us was quite simple.that/which/不填不填that/in which/不填不填缺状语缺状语缺宾语缺宾语考点考点4：the way用做先行词用做先行词the way 做先行词时做先行词时,先看后面定语从句中是否缺少先看后面定语从句中是否缺少主语或宾语主语或宾语:缺少主语或宾语缺少主语或宾语:引导词用引导词用that/which/不填不填(缺宾语时缺宾语时)主语宾语都不缺主语宾语都不缺:（缺方式状语）（缺方式状语）引导词用引导词用that

11、/in which/不填不填1.He is one of the boys who _ present at the meeting now.2.He is the only one of the boys who _present at the meeting now.areis考点考点5：定语从句中的主谓一致：定语从句中的主谓一致3._ is known to all,he is the best student.4.Jim passed the driving test,_ surprised everybody in the office.Aswhich难点一：难点一：as的用法的用法

12、1.It is such a big stone _ nobody can lift.2.It is such a big stone _ nobody can lift it.asthat限制性定语从句中，限制性定语从句中，当先行词前有当先行词前有as，so,such,the same等词修饰时等词修饰时,常用常用as引导引导.such/so.as.中中as引导定语从句，引导定语从句，as在从句中作成在从句中作成分。分。such/so.that.中中that引导结果状语从句，引导结果状语从句，that在从在从句中不作成分。句中不作成分。which和和 as引导非限制性定语从句的区别：引导非限

13、制性定语从句的区别：1.which可以代指主句的部分内容，也可以代指整可以代指主句的部分内容，也可以代指整个主句的内容。个主句的内容。as 只能代指整个主句。只能代指整个主句。2.as 译作译作“正如正如”引导的非限制性定语从句可以放引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在在句首、句中或句尾句首、句中或句尾。which译作译作这一点，这件这一点，这件事事引导的非限制性定于从句只能放在引导的非限制性定于从句只能放在句尾句尾。1.It is so difficult a problem _no one can work out.2.It is so difficult a problem_no one ca

14、n work it out.3.She wore the same hat _you wore yesterday.4.She is wearing the same hat_she woreYesterday.5.She went to the same place _she saw the key.Practicethatasaswherethat1.Ive come to the point where I cant stand him.2.The country is in the situation where a war will break out at any time.我已经

15、到了无法容忍他的地步了。我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。where引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是 表示地点的名词，但也有特殊情况。表示地点的名词，但也有特殊情况。难点二：一些特殊词之后的难点二：一些特殊词之后的where解析：解析：如果定语从句分别修饰如果定语从句分别修饰point,situation,case,stage,scene,condition等表示抽象意义的词，等表示抽象意义的词，从句中从句中缺状语缺状语,常用常用where 引导，意思是引导，意思是“到了某种地步，到了某

16、种地步，在某种境况中在某种境况中”。1.We are trying to reach a point _ both sides will sit down together and talk.A.which B.that C.where D.when2.-Do you have anything to say for yourself?-Yes,theres one point _ we must insist on（坚持）（坚持）.A.why B.where C.how D./高考题链接：高考题链接：做题要灵活：要分析句子成分，选择做题要灵活：要分析句子成分，选择恰当的关系词。恰当的关系词。

17、1.This is the library_I borrowed the book.2.It is from this library_I borrowed the book.where定语从句定语从句that强调句型强调句型3.-Where did you last see Mr.Smith?-It was in the hotel_ I lived.A.that B.which C.where D.when难点三难点三.综合考查综合考查对比训练对比训练4.We all have heard the news_ our team won.5.We dont believe in the ne

18、ws _ he told us yesterday.that that/which/对比训练对比训练6._is known to us all that China has the largest population in the world.7._is known to us all is that China has the largest population in the world.8._is known to us all,China has the largest population in the world.ItWhat对比训练对比训练As定语从句易错点归纳定语从句易错点归

19、纳 易错点一：关系代词和关系副词的混用易错点一：关系代词和关系副词的混用 e.g.1.Ill never forget the days when I spent in New York with you.2.Ill never forget the days which I visited New York with you.易错点二：固定句式出错易错点二：固定句式出错 e.g.1.Mary is so lovely a girl as everybody loves her.2.Mary is so lovely a girl that everybody loves.易错点三：主谓不一致

20、的现象易错点三：主谓不一致的现象 e.g.1.Tom is one of the students who likes swimming.2.Tom is the only one of the students who like swimming.which/that whenthataslikelikes易错点四：与强调句及其他句型的混淆易错点四：与强调句及其他句型的混淆e.g.Was it in the shop that you bought the recorder that you lost your pen?易错点五：特殊名词作先行词时关系词的选取易错点五：特殊名词作先行词时关系

21、词的选取错误错误e.g.I dont like the way which you speak to her.wherethat易错点六：忽略易错点六：忽略that和和which引导限定性定语从句的区别引导限定性定语从句的区别e.g.This is the most exciting football game which I have ever seen.易错点七易错点七:介词前置出错介词前置出错e.g.Tell him all the things on which he should pay attention.易错点八：易错点八：which和和whose用法不明确用法不明确e.g.Th

22、e book which cover is broken is of great help to all of us.易错点九：定语从句中成分多余或残缺。易错点九：定语从句中成分多余或残缺。e.g.1.The letter that I opened it wasnt for me.2.I didnt know the name of the man helped me.thattowhose who/that1.God helps those who help themselves.自助者天助之。自助者天助之。2.He who laughs last laughs best.谁笑到最后，谁笑的最好谁笑到最后，谁笑的最好。3.He who doesnt reach the Great Wall is not a true man.不到长城非好汉。不到长城非好汉。