(英语)高中英语被动语态练习题含解析.doc

1、（英语）高中英语被动语态练习题含解析一、单项选择被动语态1Chinese kites in ancient times _ in the shape of birds.Adesign Bhad designedCwere designed Dhave been designed【答案】C【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：在古代中国的风筝被设计成鸟的形状。根据in ancient times可知，句子用一般过去时态，根据动词与主语是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，故选C。2Have you heard about that school bus accident?Yes, fortunately

2、 all on board including the driver _.Awere savedBwas savedChave savedDhas been saved【答案】A【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意为：你有没有听说那起校车事故？嗯，幸运的是，车上所有的人包括司机都获救了。由题干中的Have you heard.可知，事故发生在过去，且all为主语，和save逻辑上构成被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，故答案A符合语境。3The officer commanded that everyone passing by _ that day.AsearchBwould be search

3、edCbe searchedDmust be searched【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：军官命令那天经过的人都被搜查。command后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气，（should）+动词原形，此处everyone和search之间是被动关系，故答案为C。4To my _， he was not a little _ at the news that he had won the first prize in the English speech contest, for he thought that he didnt perform so well.Aastonishment；

4、astonishingBastonished；astonishingCastonishment；astonishedDastonish；astonishment【答案】C【解析】考查astonish相关短语的用法。使我惊讶的是,他对这个消息并不感到惊讶.to ones astonishment“使某人感到惊讶的是”；be astonished at sth.“对某事感到惊讶”。故选C.5This is one of the highest buildings that _ in our city recently.Ahas been built BbuildChave been built D

5、have built【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查现在完成时态的被动语态。句意：这是最近我们城市建设的众多最高的建筑中的一座。此处the highest buildings是先行词，指物，复数形式，且和build之间是被动关系，再根据recently所以句子用现在完成时态的被动语态，故选C。6Its great that all the visitors who on the island were saved.AtrappedBhave been trappedChad trappedDhad been trapped【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查时态和被动语态。句意：所有被困在岛上的游客都

6、得救了，这真是太棒了。由were saved可知此事发生在过去，且被困应在被救之前，应用过去完成时；同时，visitors和trap构成被动关系，应使用过去完成时的被动语态。故D选项正确。78 students and 2 teachers at Santa Fe High School by a 17-year-student armed with a shotgun and a pistol. This is one of the many gun-related tragedies that have happened in the last 2 years.Akilled Bwere

7、killedChave killed Dhave been killed【答案】B【解析】考查被动语态。句意：在圣塔菲高中，一名17岁的学生手持猎枪和一把手枪，在圣塔菲高中杀害了8名学生和2名教师。8 students and 2 teachers是句子主语，复数形式，和kill之间是被动关系，再根据in the last 2 years.可知这是最近两年发生的与枪有关的事故之一，可知这是在讲过去的事情，所以句子用一般过去时态的被动语态，故答案为B。8The headmaster in our school hopes that we will be more ambitious when w

8、e graduate than when we _ admitted.Awill getBgetCgotDhave got【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查语态。句意：我们校长希望我们在毕业的时候比入学的时候更有雄心壮志。从句中主语we和动词admit是被动关系，入学发生在过去，此处用一般过去时的被动语态；got在此相当于were，故选C。9I saw Jack in the lift this morning. He around here for a long time.Awont be seen Bwasnt seenChasnt been seen Dhadnt been seen【答案】

9、D【解析】【详解】考查过去完成时态的被动语态。句意：今天早上我在电梯里看见杰克。他好久没在这附近露面了。根据this morning可知这是过去的事情；再根据for a long time可知此空是更靠前的动作，且句子主语He和see之间是一种被动关系，所以用过去完成时态，故选D。10Have you moved into the new house?Not yet. It _.Ahas been built Bwas builtCis being built Dhad been built【答案】C【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：你搬进新家了吗？仍旧没有，它仍旧正在建设。根据语境可知，I

10、t指代上文提到的the new house，是第三人称单数，与built是被动关系，用被动语态，结合句意，built这一动作表示正在进行的动作。故选C。11I want to buy that kind of cloth because I _ the cloth _ well.Ahave told；washesBhave been told；washesCwas told；washedDhave been told；is washed【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查语态时态。句意：因为我已经被告知这种布料很好洗，于是我想去买这种布。第一空中使用现在完成时表示过去发生的事情对现在的影响，且I与t

11、ell是被动关系，所以使用现在完成时的被动形式。第二空中动词wash与副词well连用，用主动形式表示被动含义。故B项正确。【点睛】小题2中考查了主动表示被动的用法，涉及“主语+不及物动词+主语补语”句型中的一些不及物动词使用主动表示被动的用法。具体用法如下：1)系动词没有被动形式,但有些系动词常表示被动意义。常见的有taste(吃起来),sound(听起来),prove(证明是),feel(摸上去感到)等,例如:Yourreasonsoundsreasonable. 你的理由听起来很合理。Goodmedicinetastesbittertothemouth.良药苦口。2)一些与cant(不能

12、)或wont(不会)连用的动词。常用的有:lock(锁住),shut(关上),open（打开，营业）,close（关门）,cut（切割）,weigh（重）,act（上演）,例如:Thedoorwontopen.这门打不开。Itcantmove.它不能动。Thisshopopensmuchearlierthanitusedto.Eachstoneweighs2tons.3)一些与well(很),easily(容易地),perfectly(十分地)等连用的动词,如:sell,wash,clean,burn,cook,wash,write,last,read,wear等。这种“动词+副词”结构，常表

13、示事物内部特有的属性。例如:Thebooksellswell. 这种书很畅销。Theseclotheswashwell.这些衣服很耐洗。4)用在“主语+不及物动词+主语补语”句型中的一些不及物动词,例如:Thismaterialhaswornthin.这料子已磨薄了。 Thedusthasblownintothehouse.灰尘被风吹进了房子。Thiskindofclothwasheswellandlastslong. Thepenmyfathergavemeasabirthdaygiftwritessmoothly.WritteninsimpleEnglish,thisarticleread

14、seasily.5)某些不及物动词，如happen,occur,cost以及短语，如comeout（出版）,comeup（出现）,comeintobeing（产生）cometoonesmind（想起）,turnout（证明是）,comeabout（发生）,breakout（爆发）,belongto（属于）等，本身表被动含义，所以它们常用主动形式。ThefirsttextbookswrittenforteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe18thcentury.Suddenlyanideacametohismind.Itneveroccurre

15、dtometophoneyou.12Local governments to strengthen water transport safety management recent fatal accidents.Aare urging, followed Bare being urged, followingCare urged, to follow Durge, being followed【答案】B【解析】考查谓语动词的时态及语态。句意：最近接连发生的致命事故敦促地方政府加强水路运输安全管理。urge sb. to do sth.，为固定搭配。 “敦促某人做某事”。分析句意可知是事故促使

16、政府加强管理。因此政府与敦促是被动关系，故A与D是错误的。事件已发生了故不能用to follow作定语， following，后面的，其次的，下列的。因此要用B。13All the doctors in the hospital insisted that he _ badly wounded and that he _ at once.Ashould be; be operated onBwere; must be operated onCbe; was operated onDwas; be operated on【答案】D【解析】试题分析：考查insist的用法。句意：医院里所有的医生都

17、认为他受伤很严重，要求他立即动手术。insist作“坚决要求做某事”讲时，要用虚拟语气；当“坚持说，坚持陈述某事实”解时，用陈述语气。考点 : 考查insist的用法14Please wear your best clothes on Monday, as your class photos _ then.Awill take Bwill be taken Chave taken Dhave been taken【答案】B【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：请在星期一穿上你最好的衣服，因为那时你们班将拍照。根据语境可知，动作发生在将来，并且是被动，故用一般将来时态的被动语态。故选B。15Do you

18、 know why a meeting by the middle school teachers last Sunday?To demand smaller classes of no more than 25 to 30 students in each class.Awas held Bhad been heldChas held Dheld【答案】A【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。meeting是hold逻辑上的宾语，故用被动语态，再由时间状语last Sunday可知用一般过去时。故选A。句意：你知道为什么上星期日中学老师召开会议吗？要求更小班，每个班不超过25-30个学生。16Its

19、 so humid these days!Dont worry! The rain _ to stop from tomorrow.Awill expect BexpectsCwill be expected Dis expected【答案】D【解析】考查动词时态与语态。句意：这些日子天气潮湿。不要担心！这场雨预计明天就会停止。根据语境，“expect”表示现在发生的事情，用一般现在时，“停止”的动作发生在明天，且主语The rain与expect之间是被动关系。故选D。17The window is dirty.I know. It _ for weeks.Ahasnt cleanedBdi

20、dnt cleanCwasnt cleanedDhasnt been cleaned【答案】D【解析】【详解】本题考查时态和语态。解题步骤：1. 确定时态：这里表达过去没有擦窗户的事情对现在的影响就是窗户很脏，现在完成时可以表示过去发生的事情对现在的影响，也可以表示过去发生的事情持续到现在。2. 确定语态：主语it与谓语clean为被动关系。句意：窗户很脏。我知道，这些窗户已经很几个星期没有被擦了。故选D。18The affairs of each country should be by its own people.Aelected BsettledCdeveloped Dcontaine

21、d【答案】B【解析】考查动词。句意为：各国事务应由自己国家的人们解决。由句意可知，选settle，意为“解决”。elect选举；develop 发展；contain 包含，控制。故选B。19一When shall we start the restoration of the historic buildings?一Not until our plan_ by the committeeAwill be approvedBapprovesCis to approveDhas been approved【答案】D【解析】这题考查时态语态，our plan和approve是被动关系，用被动，选择A

22、或D。A项是一般将来时，not until引导的是时间状语从句，不能用将来时，可以用一般现在时或现在完成时，选D。20-Have you telephoned your father?- Yes, he back next week.Ais expectedBexpectsCwill expectDwill be expected【答案】A【解析】试题分析：句意：-你给你的父亲打电话了吗?是的，他有望明年回来。这里sb be expected to do现在现在盼望明年回来，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，这里he应指的是父亲。根据句意故选A。考点：考查动词时态及语态的用法。21（天津）Nowad

23、ays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, _ as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.AregardBis regardedCare regardedDregards【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查被动语态和主谓一致。句意：现在骑自行车，慢跑和游泳被认为是最全面的锻炼方式之一。根据动词短语regardas“把看作”和句意确定应该用被动语态，排除A和D。再根据主语部分是由介词短语along with 连接的三个动名词做主语，应该谓语动词应该就前一致，即用单数，排除C，故选B。【点睛】本题考查方

24、向涉及到动词的语态和主谓一致，首先要把握句意，判断主谓之间是主动还是被动关系，再者就是考查学生的考虑是否全面，即加之判断谓语动词的单复数，考查了学生对主谓一致中就前一致的把握。22His sister left home in 1998, and_ since.Ahad not been heard ofBhas not been heard ofChad not heard ofDhas not heard of【答案】B【解析】试题分析：考查时态：句意：他的妹妹在1998年离家，至今杳无音讯”。 And前用过去式表示她1998年离家这一事实，而and后用has not been heard

25、 of表示从1998到现在这一段时间的状态。现在完成时表示过去发生并且已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果，而且his sister和hear of是被动关系，选B。考点：考查时态23Mum, is the pair of gloves _ mine?Yes. You have to wear another pair.AwashingBhave washedCbeing washedDhaving washed【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：妈妈，这双正洗的手套是我的吗？是的。你不得不带另一双了。根据下文可知，手套是正在被洗，用现在进行时的被动，故选C。24This project

26、_ considered thoroughly, and Im sure it _ finished on time.Amust be; may beBshould be; can beCmay be; must beDcan be; should be【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意：这个项目应该被全面地考虑，并且我确定可以准时完成这个项目。should be 表示“应该” 这个项目要求考虑的全面，can be 表示“能够” 有能力完成这个项目，所以选B。考点：考查情态动词25Time magazine has chosen “The Guardians”，a group of journa

27、lists who_ for their work, as Person of the Year, for taking great risks in pursuit of greater truths.Awill targetBhave targetedCwill be targetedDhave been targeted【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：时代周刊将“守护者”一群因自己的工作而成为受攻击目标的记者评为年度人物，因为冒巨大的风险追求更伟大的真理。根据句意可知，记者被攻击，且已发生，有对现在的影响，所以用现在完成时。故选D。26With the development

28、of science, more new technology _ to the fields of IT.Ahas introducedBis being introducedCis introducedDwas introduced【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意，随着科技的发展，更多新的技术被引进到IT领域。表示现阶段正在进行的动作，用现在进行时。且主语new technology与动作introduce之间是被动关系，用现在分词的被动语态，故选B。考点：时态和语态考查题点评：动词是谓语动所表示的动作或情况发生时间的各种形式。英语动词有16种时态，但是常用的只有9种：一般现在时、一般过去

29、时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、过去将来时、现在完成进行时。当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式叫主动语态。句子的主语是动作承受者时，谓语的形式叫被动作语态。被动语态由助动词be + 过去分词构成，时态通过be 表现出来。27Beijings new international airport _ into use in September, 2019, according to the spokesperson.Awas putBwill putChas putDwill be put【答案】D【解析】试题分析：考查时态和语态。句意：按照发言人所说，北京的

30、新国际机场将在2019年投入使用。根据句意可知，用一般将来时态的被动语态。故选D。考点：考查时态和语态28I want to buy that kind of cloth because I_the cloth_well.Ahave told;washedBhave been told;washesChave been told;washedDwas told;washes【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态及语态句意：我想买这种布，因为我已经被告知这种布料很好洗。“我”和“告诉”是被动关系，且动作发生在过去，强调对现在的影响，所以需用完成时态的被动语态；一些动词wash，lock，sell，w

31、ear，read，open，shut，clean等，如果主语如果是物，且表示主语的特性或品质时，常用主动形式表示被动意义。the cloth washes well是指“这种布料很好洗”就是说明这种布料的特征的，应使用一般现在时。故选B。29Louis Cha (金庸) passed away. As for his achievement, there is such a comment, “He _ the Nobel Prize for Literature with his written works translated into English.”Acould have been

32、rewardedBmust have been rewardedCshould be rewardedDneed have been rewarded【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词+have done用法。句意：金庸去世了，至于他的成就，有这样的评论：他本能获得诺贝尔文学奖用他的被翻译成了英语的著作。A. could have been rewarded本可以被授予；B. must have been rewarded一定被授予；C. should be rewarded应该被授予；D. need have been rewarded本必要被授予。根据语境，A选项正确。【点睛】coul

33、d have done可用于肯定句、疑问句和否定句。用于肯定句既可以表示过去能够做而实际未做，有惋惜、遗憾或委婉批评之意，通常译为“本来可以”“本来能”，也可以表示对过去动作的推测，常可译为“可能（已经)”。本句表达金庸本能获得诺贝尔文学奖，但却没有获得的惋惜。故A选项正确。30Amy, as well as her brothers, _ a warm welcome when returning to the village last week.Ais givenBare givenCwas givenDwere given【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：艾米和她的兄弟们当

34、上周回到村里时，受到了热烈的欢迎。根据last week可知，应用过去时，排除选项A和B；本句的主语是Amy，她受到热烈欢迎，所以用过去时的被动。故选C。31People believe that the China Dream is not very difficult _ so long as the whole nation works hard for it.ArealizingBto be realizedCrealizedDto realize【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查固定句型和语态。句意：人们相信只要全国人民一起努力中国梦不难实现。be difficult to do 结构中

35、，若主语与其后的不定式为动宾关系，那么该不定式习惯上要用主动形式表示被动意义。如：She was difficult to understand at times. 有时候她很不容易理解。能用于此结构的形容词主要有convenient, dangerous, difficult, easy, hard, impossible, interesting, nice, pleasant, safe, unpleasant等。这类结构的特点是句子主语必须是其后不定式的逻辑宾语。故选D。32Dont worry. The hard work that you do now _ later in lif

36、e.Awill be repaidBwas being repaidChas been repaidDwas repaid【答案】A【解析】试题解析：考查时态辨析。根据句子末尾出现的时间状语later in life意为在以后的生活中，可以判断为将来时态，此处要注意的是不要被前文的now混淆，that you do now在句中充当the hard work的定语成分，与句子时态无关。故此处为将来时态。句意：不要担心，你现在付出的努力在以后一定会有所回报。故选A。考点：考查时态辨析。33It was announced that only when the fire was under con

37、trol _to return to their homes.Athe residents would be permittedBhad the residents been permittedCwould the residents be permittedDthe residents had been permitted【答案】C【解析】句意：通报说，只有火势得到控制了居民们才被允许回家。这里It是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句；that引导的主语从句中，only+状语从句位于句首，状语从句对应的主句要用倒装语序，且此处表示过去将来，故选C。34A lot of small to

38、wns in the area are definitely worth _.Ato be visitedBbeing visitedCvisitingDto visit【答案】C【解析】【详解】主动形式表达被动意义。句意：这个地区的许多小城镇绝对值得一游。be worth doing sth“值得做某事”，主动形式表达被动意义。故选C项。35We must apply what we have learned to our work because in no case _ from practice.Ashould theory separateBtheory should be sepa

39、ratedCtheory should separateDshould theory be separated【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意：我们必须把我们学到的应用到实际生活中去，因为在任何情况下理论都不应该脱离实际。这里是apply sth to sth把应用到，in no case在从句中的句首，所以应该用倒装，又因为theory与separate之间是被动关系，故选D。考点：考查倒装的用法。点评：本题难度适中。倒装是高中阶段的重要的语法项目，它们的各种情况比较多，需要考生牢记它们的用法，但是在从句中的这种倒装更增加了试题的难度。即学即练：Can you explain_most de

40、serts are located near the west coast of the continents? A. why is it that B. why it is thatC. how it is that D. how is it that解析：B。句意：由句子结构可知，强调句型“it is .that”对宾语从句的引导词进行强调，应用陈述语序，再由句意可知，选B。36This is one of the best films _.Athat have been shown this yearBthat have shownCthat has been shown this ye

41、arDthat you talked【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查定语从句和时态。句意：这是今年上映的最好的电影之一。此处为定语从句，先行词为the one，有最高级the best 修饰，关系代词应该用that，在从句中作主语，语境表明使用现在完成时，而且谓语要用第三人称单数，故C项正确。37My brother and I have _her birthday party.Abeen invitedBbeen invited forCinvited toDbeen invited to【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查语态和固定搭配。句意：我哥哥和我被邀请参加她的生日聚会。My brother

42、 and I与invite之间是被动关系，invite sb to somewhere表示“邀请某人去某地”，故D项正确。38Please dont stand up in class until you _.Awere told toBare toldCare told toDwere told【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查省略句。句意：直到有人叫你站起来，你才可以在课堂上站起来。在一定的上下文中，为了避免重复，动词不定式在句中可以被省略掉，但是要保留动词不定式的符号to。分析句子可知，本句为一般现在时。故C选项正确。【点睛】to代替不定式在一定的上下文中，为了避免重复，动词不定式在句中可以

43、被省略掉，但是要保留动词不定式的符号to。to代替不定式，常同refuse, want, seem, intend, expect, hope, like, be afraid, prefer, care, oblige, forget, wish, try，tell等动词连用。注意：如果不定式中含有be, have,或have been，一般要保留be, have或have been。本句还原为：Please dont stand up in class until you are told to stand up。省略句为：Please dont stand up in class unt

44、il you are told to 。故C选项正确。39The classroom _ by students every day.Acleans BcleanedCis cleaned Dis cleaning【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查时态和被动语态。句意：教室每天都由学生打扫。句子主语The classroom，单数第三人称形式，与谓语动词clean之间是被动关系，再结合every day，可知句子用一般现在时态的被动语态，故选C。40The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts _ with success in the end.ArewardedBwere rewardedCwill rewardDwill be rewarded【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】本题考查时态和语态。解题步骤：1. 确定时态：根据句尾的in the end可知，事情发生在将来，用将来时。2. 确定语态