初中英语完整不定代词的用法讲解及练习题(含答案)(DOC 12页).doc

1、不定代词的用法1. some，any(1) some多用于肯定句，修饰复数可数名词和n加油不可数名词，作“一些”解。它还可修饰单数可数名n加油词，作“某一”解。如：H-5 avian influn加油enza first broke out in somen加油 Asian countries.H-5型禽流感首先在亚洲爆n加油发。Some people are early rn加油isers. 有些人起得很早。(2) any通常用于否定句、疑问句n加油或条件句，修饰单数或复数可数名词以及不可数名词。If tn加油here are any new magan加油zines in the libr

2、ary, take son加油me for me.图书馆如果来了新杂志，替我借几n加油本。Are there any stamps in the drawer?n加油 抽屉里有邮票吗？Is there anyn加油 money with you? 你身上n加油带钱了吗？(3) any还可以用于肯定句，作“任n加油何的”解。You can come here any tin加油me. 你什么时候来都行。You can get it n加油at any shop. 你可以在任何一家商店买到它。2. either，n加油both，all(1) either表示n加油“两者中的任何一个”。Either

3、 of n加油the brothers is selfish. 两兄n加油弟都非常自私。Either will n加油do. 两个都行。(2) both“两个都”，修饰可数名词，统指两者。Ton加油m and Jack both made some n加油progress. 汤姆和杰克两个都有所进步。Bon加油th of them should make concesn加油sions. 他们双方都应做出让步。(3) all“全部，所n加油有的”，修饰可数名词和不可数名词，指两个n加油以上的人或物。All the students contrin加油buted to the fund.所有的学生

4、都为基金会捐了款。An加油ll of the money has beenn加油 spent. 钱都花完了。We are all for you. 我们n加油都支持你。Say all you know and sayn加油 it without reserve. 知无不言，言无不尽。3n加油. no，neither，none(1) no“不”，可修饰单数和复n加油数可数名词以及不可数名词。Time and tide wan加油it for no man. 时不我待。Then加油re are no clouds in then加油 sky. 天上没有云。I have no money for s

5、ucn加油h things. 我没钱买这些东西。(2) neither“n加油两者中哪个都不”，其所指范围是两个人或物n加油。Neither answer is correct.n加油 两个答案都不对。Neither of the two countrien加油s is satisfied with the rn加油esult of the talk.两个国家都不满意会谈的结n加油果。(3) none“没有一个人或东西”，它n加油既可指可数名词（其所指范围是两个以上的人或n加油物），又可指不可数名词。All of thn加油e trees were cut down, and none was

6、 wen加油re. left.所有的树都被砍了，一棵也不剩。n加油None of the students fn加油ailed the examination. n加油没有一个学生考试不及格。None of this money in加油s his. 这笔钱没有一点儿是他的。4. few, an加油 few，little, a little(1) few的意思是“没有n加油几个”； a few的意思是“少数”， “几个”； 修饰可数n加油名词； a few表示肯定意义， few表示否定意义n加油。The problem is so difficult that fen加油w people ca

7、n solve it.这个问题太难了，几n加油乎没人能做出来。Only a few people can solve thin加油s problem. 只有几个人能解决这个问题n加油。Few of them want to go. 他们中几乎没有人想去。A n加油few of them want to go. 他们中有几个人想去。(n加油2) little“没有多少”，a little“少量”，修饰不可数名n加油词；a little表示肯定意义，little表n加油示否定意义。如：There is little ran加油infall this spring. 今年春季雨水很少。Althoug

8、n加油h it did not rain for the whole mn加油onth, there is a little wn加油ater in the pond.虽然整整一个n加油月没下雨了，但池塘里还有一点水。5. many， much， most(n加油1) many用于修饰可数名词。Many of then加油 problems have been solvn加油ed. 大部分问题已经解决了。Many thn加油ink that the situation加油n will change soon. 很多人认为局势n加油会很快改变。(2) much用于修饰不n加油可数名词。Much

9、of the money has been spentn加油. 这笔钱的大部分已经被花掉了。They havn加油e finished much of the work. 他们已经完成了大部n加油分的工作。6. another，other，then加油 other，others，the others(1) anothern加油指同类中多个东西中的“另一个” （即one more）。This watch n加油doesnt work, I must get anothn加油er one. 这块表坏了，我该另买一块了。He wentn加油 back to work too soon，and was

10、 laid up n加油for another three months.他n加油回去上班过早，结果又病倒三个月。但要注意： other与物主限定词连n加油用也可指余下的另一个或全部。如：Use yn加油our other hand. 用你的另一只手。Mary is older tn加油han me but my other sisters arn加油e younger.玛丽比我大，其余的都是我妹妹。(2) n加油other单独使用时指其他的、另外的人或物。There must be n加油some other reason for him refusing n加油to help. 他不予帮助

11、一定另有原因。I saw Tn加油om with some other fellow sn加油tudents. 我看见汤姆和其他一些同学在一起。(3)n加油 the otherone/ones.指同类中余下的另一个或另一些。Iln加油l have to use our dun加油plicate key. I lost the on加油ther one.我不得不用我们的备用钥匙了，我把那一n加油把丢了。Where are the on加油ther students? 其他学生去哪儿了？One of n加油the murderers was caught, but thn加油e other is

12、still at large.n加油一个凶手被抓住了，另一个却依然逍遥法外。(4)n加油 others是other的复数形式，指其他的、n加油另外的人或物。We should not think only of on加油ur children, there are others to n加油be cared for also.我们不应该只想到自己的孩子，还有别的孩子n加油也需要照顾。Others may object to n加油this plan. 别人可能会反对这个计划。(5)n加油 the others表示同类中余下的全部。The n加油search party was divided

13、intn加油o two groups. Some went to the rign加油ht, the others went to the left.n加油 搜寻小组一分为二，一部分人向右，另一部分向左。Jennn加油y is cleverer than any of. the others inn加油 her class.珍妮比班上的其他（任何）人都聪n加油明。7. 复合不定代词someone somebon加油dy, something, anyoneanybody, anything,n加油 no onenobody, nothing, everyonn加油e everybody, ev

14、erything(1) someone, son加油mebody某人和 something某物Someone is askin加油ng to see you. 有人要见你。Someone suggesn加油ts putting off the meeting. 有人建议推迟会议n加油。Theres something wrong with the machn加油ine. 机器出了毛病。Something strange han加油ppened last night. 昨晚发生了件奇怪的事。(2) anyonn加油e, anybody任何人和 anything任何事情Anybodn加油y can

15、 do this work. Itn加油s very simple. 这事太简n加油单了，人人都能做。Did you meen加油t anyone on your way home? 你回家的路上碰到什n加油么人了吗？He faltered：Is anythingn加油 wrong？ 他支支唔唔地说：“有什么错吗？”He did not san加油y anything after that. 这以后他再也没说什么。(3n加油) no one, nobody没有人.和 nothing（n加油没有东西）。Im not somebodyn加油. Im nobody. 我不是重要人物，我是个无名小n加

16、油卒。No one wants to do that. 没人愿做那种事。n加油Nobody is absent. 没有人缺席。n加油Thats nothing. 那没有什么。He said hn加油e knew nothing aboutn加油 it. 他说他对那事一无所知。(4) everyone, even加油rybody（每个人）和 everything（每样东西，一切事物）。Shn加油e said good-bye to everyone. 她和每个人告别。n加油Everybodys business is nobodyn加油s business. 事关大家无人管。Everything

17、n加油 is ready for the exn加油periment. 实验的一切都准备好了。This news mn加油eans everything to us. 这个消息对我们至n加油关重要。复合不定代词用法大盘点复合不定代词是由some-，any-，non加油-，every-加上-one，-body，-thing等所组成的不定代词。n加油复合不定代词包括 something, somebody, son加油meone, anything, anybody, anyonen加油, nothing, nobody, no one, everythn加油ing, everybody, eve

18、ryone 等十二个。这n加油些复合代词具有名词性质，在句中可用作主语、宾语或表n加油语，但不能用作定语。使用时注意以下几点：一n加油、复合不定代词的指代对象1、含-bodyn加油和-one的复合代词只用来指人，含-body的复合不定n加油代词与含-one的复合不定代词在功能和意义上完全相同，可以互换。只是用-bodyn加油时显得较通俗些，多用于口语中，用-one时显得较文雅些，更常见于正式场n加油合及书面语中。如：Someone/Somebody is cryin加油ng in the next room.有人在隔壁n加油房间哭。No one/Nobody is stupid. 没有谁是愚蠢

19、的n加油。2、含-thing的复合不定代词只用来指事物n加油。如：Are you going to buy anything?n加油你会去买东西吗？I can hear nothinn加油g but your vioce. 我只听到了你的声音。二n加油、复合不定代词的属格1、含-one和-body等指人的复n加油合代词可有-s属格形式。如：Everybn加油odys business is nobodys businesn加油s.大家的事情没人管。Is this anybodyn加油s seat? 这儿有人坐吗？2、含-one和n加油-body等指人的复合代词后跟else时，n加油-s属格应加

20、在else之后。如：Can you remember somen加油one elses name? 你还记得其他人的n加油姓名吗？3、含-thing等指事物的复合不n加油定代词没有-s属格形式。三、复合不定代词的数1、复合不定代词都具n加油有单数的含义，因此通常被看成是单数第三人称n加油。当它们充当句子的主语时，其后的谓语动词用单数形式。如n加油：Is everyone here today? n加油今天，大家都到齐了吗？Nothing is difn加油ficult if you put your heart into it.n加油 世上无难事，只怕有心人。2、当要对一群人讲话时，可使用以复

21、合不定n加油代词作主语的祈使句，句中的动词用原形。如：Nobody moven加油！= Don anybody move！ n加油都别动！Everyone lie down! 统统n加油趴下！四、复合不定代词的替代问题由于复合不定代n加油词都具有单数的含义，所以在正规的英语中用来替代它们的代词也应n加油该是单数形式。1、含-one和-body等指人的复合代词，其代词应该n加油是he/she, him/her,其-s属格形式的代词应该是n加油his/her, his/hers。如：Everyn加油one has his/her own worn加油ds. 每个人都有他（她）自己的说辞。但是，这样

22、一来就n加油会因为性别的差异而使得在代词的运用上具有不n加油确定性，所以为了避免这种别扭的情况，我们一般都是用they/them/thein加油r/theirs,尤其是在口语中以及非正式场合下。如：No one gaven加油 you a ticket, did they? 没人n加油给你票，是吗？Someone came in, but I n加油didnt know who they were. 有人进来n加油了，但我不知道是谁。2、含-thing等指事物的复合不n加油定代词，不会因性别上的差异而使得在代词的运用上产生不确定性，因此我们就使用n加油it。如：Something goes w

23、rong,n加油 doesnt it?出问题了，是吗？五、复合不n加油定代词的定语复合不定代词的定语必须后置，即放在复n加油合不定代词的后面。如：Can you tell somen加油thing interesting? 你能讲些有趣的事情n加油吗？Is there anybody important hern加油e? 这儿有大人物吗？Would you like somethin加油ng to eat? 要来些吃的东西吗？六、含sn加油ome-和any-的复合不定代词间的用法区别由some-和ann加油y-所构成的复合不定代词（即something和anythn加油ing；someone和

24、anyone；somebody和anybon加油dy）之间的区别跟some和any的区别一样。1、somn加油ething，someone，somebody通常用于n加油肯定句中，而anything，anyone，anybodyn加油一般用于否定句，疑问句或条件状语从句中。如： n加油He found something strange but interestn加油ing.他发现了一些奇怪但却有趣的事情。Doyoun加油haveanythingtosay？你有话要说吗？I n加油cant meetanybodyontheisland. 在岛上，n加油我没遇见任何人。2、在表示请求、邀请、提建

25、议等带有委婉语气的疑问n加油句，和希望得到对方肯定答复的疑问句，以及表示反问的问句中，也用n加油something，someone，somebody等复合不定代词n加油。如:Wouldyoulikesomethington加油eat？要些吃的东西吗？Isnt there sometn加油hing wrong with you? 难道你没问题n加油吗？3、当anything表示“任何事（物），无论何事（物）”，an加油nyone，anybody表示“无论谁，任何人”等意义时，它n加油们也可以用于肯定句中。如：Anything is OK. 什么都行。n加油Anybody knows the an

26、swer.任何人n加油都知道答案。七、复合不定代词的否定1、“not every-”表示的是部n加油分否定，意为“并非都，不都”。例如：Not everythinn加油g will go well. 并非一切都n加油会那么顺利。The teacher didntn加油 call everyones name. 老师并没有点所有人的名。n加油2、“not any-”和no-均表示全否定。例如：Hn加油e listened, but heard nothing.他听了听，但什么也n加油没听到。= He listened, but din加油dnt hear anything.Yon加油u have

27、nt called anyone/anybodn加油y up, have you? 你没给谁打过电话，是吗？= Yn加油ou have called no one/non加油body up, have you?八、复合不定代词作n加油名词复合不定代词可以充当名词用，表示“的事情n加油（东西或人）”。1、someone/somebodyn加油, anyone/anybody的意义是“重要人物，大人物”，even加油ryone/everybody意为“最重要的人”，no onen加油/nobody则意指“无关紧要的人，小人物”。例如：2、somethn加油ing，anything的意义是“重要事情

28、（东西）”，everything表n加油示“最重要的事情（东西）”，nothing则指“毫无趣味的事情，无n加油关紧要的东西”。九、合与分的区别问题1、 somn加油eone，anyone，everyone都只能指人，n加油且不和介词of连用；some one，any one，evern加油y one则既可指人又可指物，可与介词of连用。例如：Anyone shn加油ould be polite to every one ofn加油 them.任何人都要礼貌对待他们中的每一个人。-n加油Which toy would you liken加油? -Any one is OK. -你要那个玩具？-

29、随便。2、nn加油o one（=nobody）“没有人”，只用来指人，通常不和介词of连用n加油；none“没有一个”，既可以用来指人也n加油可用来指物。例如：No one can do it bn加油etter. 没有人能做得更好。None of these quen加油stions is easy, and none of un加油s can even answer any one of n加油them.这些问题没有一个是容易的，我们中没有一个人能答出其中的一题n加油。回答who引导的特殊疑问句时用no onen加油；回答how many引导的特殊疑问句时用none。例如：n加油-Who

30、was late ? -No one. -谁n加油迟到了？-谁也没有迟到。-How mann加油y pigs do you keep? -None. -你养几头猪？-n加油-一头也没养。不定代词专项练习1He cant hear you, bn加油ecause there is _ noise hern加油eAvery muchBtoo muchCmuch tooDn加油so many2_ name isn加油 Han Meimai. AHersn加油elfBHersCSheDHer3All of usn加油 were invited, but _n加油_ of us cameAnein加油t

31、herBnoneCboth4The weathen加油r in Shanghai is diffn加油erent from _ ABaotouBBaotn加油ou weatherCthat in BaotouDn加油those of Baotou5There isnt _n加油_ water in the cup.AanyBmanyCn加油someDthe6-Is this _n加油_ pen? -No, _n加油_ is on my desk.Ayour; myByours; n加油myCyour; mineDyours; minn加油e7The bottle is empty. There

32、 in加油s _ in it.Aanythingn加油BsomethingCnothing8-Ln加油ook! We have _ sugan加油r. -Really? Lets go and buy somn加油e.AfewBa fewClittleDa little9n加油There isnt _ milk in thn加油e fridge. Youd better buy some.Anon加油BanyCsome10-“Then加油re isnt _ water hn加油ere. Could you get _ for me?”n加油-“All ringht.”Asome; someBa

33、nn加油y; anyCsome; anyDan加油ny; some11Today, _ trees n加油are still being cut down somen加油where in the world.Amuch tooBn加油too muchCmany tooDtoo many12n加油There are lots of English n加油books here, and _ of then加油m is easy to understand.AbothBalln加油CeveryDeach13Is n加油the shirt on the bed _ ?n加油AyoursByourCyo

34、n加油u14Mr Green taught _n加油 English last year.Aourn加油BweCus15These sn加油weaters are too small for mn加油e. Please show me _ one.n加油AotherBothersCthe othn加油ersDanother16Mary cant n加油go with us. _ has to n加油look after _ mother at home.AShe; n加油hisBShe; herCHe; n加油herDHe; His17There isnt _ pan加油per in the

35、box. Will youn加油 go and get _ for me?Aan加油ny; someBany; anyCsome; somn加油eDsome; any18I often hn加油elp _ .Ahe or shen加油Bhis and herChim and n加油herDhis and hers19Tn加油here are some trees on _n加油_ side of the street.AbothBaln加油lCeitherDevery20“Which of n加油the two dictionaries do you like betn加油ter?”“I li

36、ke _ , becaun加油se theyre not useful.”Abotn加油hBeitherCallDneitn加油her21They were all very tired, bun加油t _ of them would stop to take a ren加油st.AanyBsomeCnoneDneither2n加油2There were _ people and noise in n加油the park last Sunday.An加油many; muchBmuch; muchCmuch;n加油 manyDmany; many23_n加油_ of them has a dic

37、tionary an加油nd _ one of them can ln加油ook up words in the dictionn加油ary.AEach; everyBEvery;n加油 eachCEach; eachDEvery; evn加油ery24Please keep together. We want _n加油_ of you to get lost.AnoneBson加油meCmanyDany25There n加油is _ water here; but there arn加油e quite _ empty gln加油asses. Alittle; an加油 fewBfew; li

38、ttleCfewn加油; a fewDlittle; a little26Tn加油he skirt is _ . She made it _ n加油.Ahers; herselfBher; herselfChersn加油elf; hersDherself; her27“n加油Havent you forgotten n加油_ ?”“ _ ,oh, I forgot my ban加油g.”Aanything; Excuse meBsomething;n加油 Excuse meCsomething; PardonDn加油everything; Pardon28Be quiet! I have n加

39、油_ to tell you.Aimportant anythin加油ngBanything importantn加油Cimportant somethingDn加油something important29Mn加油y father is very busy witn加油h his work. He has _n加油_ time to do the housework.Alittln加油eBfewCa littleDa few30- _n加油_ of the boys in Cn加油lass Four are playing games.-_n加油_.AAllBEachCThe bothDNo

40、ne31Thn加油e boy promised _ mother n加油never to lie to _ again.Ahn加油is; himBher; herChen加油r; himDhis; her32“Would you likn加油e some milk in your tea?”“Yes, n加油just _ .”AmuchBa littlen加油Ca fewDlittle33_ schooln加油 is much larger than _ .n加油ATheir; ourBTheir; ours Cn加油Theirs; oursDTheirs; oun加油r34Put it do

41、wn, Richard. You mustntn加油 read _ letter. Aanyones elsen加油sBanyones elseCanyone elsen加油sDanyone else35He found n加油_ very interesting to ride a horse. n加油AthisBthatCitDwhich36Han Meimn加油ei, what about _ tn加油o eat?AeverythingBsomethingCnn加油othingDanything37_ offin加油ce is much smaller thn加油an _ .AOurs;

42、 yours BOur; yourn加油sCTheirs; ourDYour; their38“Help _n加油_ to some meat, Mary,”my aunt san加油id to me.Athemselvn加油esBourselvesCyourselfDhimn加油self39There are twenty teachers in tn加油his gradeEight of them are women teachen加油rs and _ are men tean加油chers.Athe otherBn加油the othersCothersDn加油other40Though

43、they had cn加油leaned the floor, there was stiln加油l _ water on it.n加油AlittleBa littleCfewDa fewn加油 不定代词专项练习参考答案1Btoo muchn加油只能修饰不可数名词， much too 修饰形容词或n加油副词， very much可修饰动词；many只能修饰可数名词，不能n加油修饰不可数名词。2Dher作物主代词，n加油意为“她的”，注意her还可作she的宾格。3n加油B句意：“我们都接到邀请，但我们谁没来。”nonen加油是all的反义词，表示“（三者以上的）没有一个（人或物）。”n加油4Ct

44、hat作为代词。代替主语 weathen加油r. A项错误在于Baotou与前面的主语 n加油weather不相对应，无法比较。代词that既可代替不n加油可数名词，也可代替单数可数名词。5Aan加油ny用于疑问句和否定句，some用于肯定句。n加油6Cyour是形容词性物主代词，只能作定语修饰名词； mine是n加油名词性物主代词，可作主语、表语和宾语，但不能作定语。 7C空白处n加油填nothing是与前一句的 empty相呼应、吻合的。8C从n加油后一句“去买些糖”可知“糖不多了”。littln加油e的意思是“少”，有否定含义，只能修饰不n加油可数名词， a little是“一点”，有肯

45、定含义。few和a fen加油w是修饰或代替可数名词，前者否定，后者肯定。9B肯定句中用some，疑问n加油句和否定句中用any。10D前一句是否定n加油句，故用any ；后一句是说话者恳请别人做某事，n加油希望对方同意，并认为对方能同意，故用son加油me。11Dtoo much只能修饰不可数n加油名词，too many只修饰可数名词；A项只修饰形容词或副词；C项本身就n加油是错误的。12Devery和each都n加油作“每一个”讲，但every只能作定语；each既可作定语，还可作n加油主语、宾语、同位语等成分。both和all作主n加油语（代替可数名词），谓语动词应用复数。13n加油A 14C代词作宾语应用标n加油本宾格，us是we的宾格。15Dother意为“n加油别的、其它的”，可修饰单数名词，也可修饰复数名词。others表示“n加油别人”或“别的事物”，是泛指的复数概念。the other是特指的“其余的（n加油人或物）”。another是泛指的“另一个（人或物）。” n加油16BShe在句中作主语，故用主格，her作物主代词。 n加油 17A18C代词作宾语应用宾格。 n加油 19C此处的either可换用each； botn加油h后修饰复数名词。20D