反义疑问句用法及练习题(附答案)(DOC 18页).docx

1、反意疑问句用法及练习反意疑问句是指提出情况或者看法，询问对方同意不同意。这种问句由两部分组成，前一部分是陈述句的形式，后一部分是附着在前一部分上的简短问句，前后两部分要构成反意疑问关系。又分为两种情况：（1）前一部分为肯定形式，后一部分要为否定形式， 即“前肯后否”的形式；或（2）前一部分为否定形式，后一部分则为肯定形式， 即“前否后肯”的形式。具体句式如下：1.0 前肯后否He is a pupil, isnt he?You are a teacher, arent you?We are here, arent we?He likes English, doesnt he?You like

2、English, dont you?They like English, dont they?We shall go to the cinema, shant we?2.0 前否后肯He isnt a pupil, is he?You arent a teacher, are you?They wont go to the park tomorrow, will they?I am not a teacher, am I?You havent done your homework, have you?3.0陈述部分主、谓语是I am时，3.1陈述句为肯定句时， 反意疑问句用arent I 或a

3、int I, 而不是am not I （可用am I not），例如：Im as tall as your sister, arent I?I am a doctor, arent I? 或I am a doctor, aint I? （慎用）反意问句为否定式时通常要缩写(若不缩写则用较正式的 am I not)，而 am not在标准英语中又没有相应的缩写式，所以人们便用arent来代之。原来，arentI是由amnotI的缩写形式amntI演变来的。而这种演变的原因，就是发音的便利。英国人讨厌两个鼻辅音m和n放在一起发音。 当这两个音在amntI中撞到一起时，就必须进行简化，只保留其一。英

4、国人感觉a:nt比a:mt要顺口一些。所以在18世纪的文献里开始出现ant。元音a:的发音长短有变，有时长，有时短，由于arent中元音后的r在18世纪左右是不发音的，所以amnt的简化发音ant和arent的发音自然就没有区别了。18世纪以后，曾经流行的antI渐渐被arentI取代。今天在爱尔兰和苏格兰的某些方言中仍可听到amnt。 arentI在美国也被广泛使用。有些美国人不喜欢，感觉它有点装腔作势，认为还是amnotI更正式。但arentI无论在口语还是书面语中都已被英语世界的大多数人接受。但是值得注意的是arent只适用于单数第一人称的问句形式(不能用于陈述句)：正：Im wrong

5、,arent I? 我错了，是吗?正：Arent I clever? 我是不是很聪明?误：I arent clever. (我不聪明)正：Im not clever. 我不聪明。在英语的方言和未受过教育的人使用的语言中，还有一个缩写式用得很经常，就是aint，它可以代表amnot, are not, is not, has not, have not等(考试时应避免)， 例如：Iaint going to tell you about it. 我不准备把此事告诉你。My girlfriend aint come for weeks. 我的女朋友有好几个星期没有来了。Dont speak to

6、me like that - you aint my boss. 不要那样对我说话，你又不是我的老板。- Its raining. 下雨了。- No, it aint. 没有下。3.2 陈述句为否定句时，即I am not., 反意疑问句用am I? 例如：I am not a fool, am I?4.0 省去主语的祈使句后一般加上will you或wont you构成反意疑问句，用will you 多表示“请求”，用wont you 多表示提醒对方注意，例如：Look at the blackboard, will you/wont you? 看黑板，好吗？Dont do that aga

7、in, will you?Go with me, will you / wont you ?5.0 Let引导的祈使句，有两种情况：5.1 Lets，（包括听话者）后的反意疑问句，表示“建议”，用shall we或shant we。例如：Lets go home, shall we/shant we? 回家吧，好吗？Lets go to the station, shall we?(Lets 包括听话者，所以用shall we?)还可以用may I来表示征求对方的同意或许可。5.2 Let us，(不包括听话者)后的反意疑问句，表示“请求”，用will you 或wont you. 例如：Le

8、t us go for a walk, will you?/wont you?(Let us 不包括听话者，而是向听话者提出建议或要求。)5.3 Let me后的反意疑问句用，表示“请求”，will you或wont you.例如：Let me have a try, will you/wont you? 让我试一试，行吗？Let me help you, will you?5.4 Let him, Let them, Let the boy用will you或wont you.6.0陈述句对第二人称的祈使句, 问句可用will you? Wont you? Would you? Can yo

9、u? 或cant you?)Open your books, would you/wont you? Dont make much noise, will/can you?7.0 否定祈使句中, 只用will you?Dont forget to write a letter to me, will you?8.0 宾语从句中，谓语动词是think、suppose、expect、believe、consider、imagine等词8.1 宾语从句的主语是第一人称，表示肯定时，则疑问句中的助动词和主语要与从句内的动词和主语保持一致,疑问句为否定句式。例如：I believe that you c

10、an fly, cant you?We think that he has a cellphone, doesnt he?We think that he has done his best, hasnt he?注意：容易出错的地方是第二句和第三句，很多人把第二句的改成hasnt he，把第三句改成doesnt he，这两种情况都是因为没有分清楚从句中的动词是哪个，比如第二句话，其中的has是拥有的意思而不是助动词，此句中的助动词应该是does，而第三句话中这个has应该和has done连起来理解，它们是用来表示完成时态的一个助动词，而不能用does来代替哦，这两个一定要分清楚哦！8.2 宾

11、语从句的主语是第一人称，表示否定时(转移否定)，疑问句中的助动词和主语依然要与从句内的动词和主语保持一致，疑问句为肯定句式。例如：I dont believe that you can fly，can you？We dont think that he has a cellphone, does he?We dont think that he has done his best. has he？注意：容易混淆的地方是宾语从句的否定是在主句中否定的，而不是从句中，例如第一句话，不能写成I believe that you cant fly.8.3 宾语从句的主语不是第一人称时， 疑问句中的助动

12、词和主语要与宾语从句主句内的动词和主语保持一致。例如：They think that he can fly, dont they?She doesntthink that he has a cellphone, does she?8.4 宾语从句中，谓语动词不是think、suppose、expect、believe、consider、imagine等词时无论主句主语是不是第一人称，疑问句中的谓语和宾语都要与主句保持一致。例如：We told him we would go there next week, didnt we?He said that Lily would come back

13、next Monday, didnt he?9.0陈述部分有must 的疑问句，疑问部分根据实际情况而定。9.1 must表示必须、有必要， 用must或need, 例如：He must work hard at physics，mustnt he?We must study all the subjects well, neednt we?9.2 must be/do表示对现在的情况进行推测时，要用be/do 的适当形，例如：It must be Xiao Wang, isnt it?He must be a doctor, isnt he?9.3当must have done完成式表示对过

14、去事情的推测时，问句要根据陈述部分谓语的情况用“didnt+主语”或“wasnt/werent+主语”；如果强调动作的完成（一般没有明确的过去时间状语），问句要用“havent/hasnt+主语”， 例如：You must have studied English for three years, havent you? / didnt you?She must have read the novel last week, didnt she? 她上星期一定读了这本小说，是吗？ He must have finished it yesterday, didnt he?You must have

15、 seen the film Shaolin Brothers, havent you?You must have told her about it, havent you? 你一定把这事告诉她了，是吗？ 9.4当must表示禁止时，反意问句要用may， 例如：The boys mustnt play with fire, may they?10.0当陈述句含有used to时，简略问句用did,也可重复used，例如：He used to get up early, didnt he/ usednt he?11.0陈述部分的谓语含有dare, need时，看它们是情态动词还是行为动词11.

16、1当dare, need为情态动词时，反意疑问句用，dare、need, 例如：The girl darent go home alone, dare she?We need not do it again, need we?You dare not say so, dare you?11.2当dare, need 为实义动词时，疑问部分用助动词do，例如：She doesnt dare to go home alone, does she?He needs help, doesnt he? （need在此句中为实义动词，“需要“的意思）12.0陈述部分的谓语包含have to, has to

17、, had to时，疑问部分要用助动词(do)的适当形式， 例如：You had to do it well, didnt you?You have to water the vegetables every day, dont you?13.0陈述部分有had better时，反意疑问句中要用hadnt。例如：We had better go to school at once, hadnt we?Youd better read it by yourself, hadnt you?14.0陈述部分含ought to时，反意疑问句要用ought 或should， 例如：We ought to

18、 make a greater contribution to the world revolution, shouldnt/oughtnt we?He ought to know what to do, oughtnt he? / shouldnt he?15.0陈述部分的谓语是wish，用以征求意见，疑问部分要用may +主语， 例如：I wish to have a word with you, may I?16.0陈述部分有would rather +v.，疑问部分多用 wouldnt +主语，例如：He would rather read it ten times than reci

19、te it, wouldnt he?17.0 陈述部分有would like to +v. 疑问部分用wouldnt +主语，例如：Youd like to go with me, wouldnt you?18.0陈述部分为there be结构，疑问部分用there,省略主语代词，例如：There is something wrong with your TV set, isnt there?There was a hospital here, wasnt there?There will not be any trouble, will there?19.0陈述部分为主语从句或并列复合句，疑

20、问部分有2种情况19.1 并列复合句疑问部分，谓语动词根据邻近从句的谓语而定，例如：Mr. Smith had been to Beijing for several times, he should have been in China now, shouldnt he?Tom has been reading novels, but he didnt read this afternoon, did he?19.2 带有定语从句，宾语从句的主从复合句，疑问部分谓语根据主句的谓语而定，例如：He is not the man who gave us a talk, is he?He said

21、 he wanted to visit Japan, didnt he?20.0陈述部分的主语是指示代词this或that时，反意疑问句的主语用it，当陈述部分的主语是指示代词these或those时，其反意疑问句的主语用they。例如：This is a plane, isnt it? 这是一架飞机，是吗？These are grapes，arent they? 这些是葡萄，是吗？21.0陈述部分的主语是不定代词one时，反意疑问句的主语可以用one， 也可用you， 美式英语用he。例如：One should be ready to help others, shouldnt one? 每

22、个人都应该乐于助人，是吧？One cant be careful enough, can one/he?22.0陈述部分的主语是 everybody, everyone, anybody, anyone, somebody, someone, nobody, no one, none, neither 时， 其反意疑问句的主语需用复数代词they，(也可用he)， 例如：Everyone is here, arent they? (isnt he?) 大家都到了，是吗？No one knows about it, do they? 没有人知道这件事，对吗？Everyone knows the

23、answer, dont they? (doesnt he?)Nobody knows about it, do they? (does he?)23.0陈述部分如是each of 结构作主语， 若强调个别， 简略问句的主语用单数代词; 若强调全体，反意疑问句用复数代词， 例如：In our class each of the students passed the exam, didnt he/they?24.0陈述部分的主语是everything, nothing, anything或something 时， 反意疑问句的主语应用代词it, 例如：Something is wrong wi

24、th my radio, isnt it? 我的收音机出毛病了，是吧？25.0在none of结构中，如of 后的名词或代词是单数，后面的主语也为单数，这种情况，主要由于of 后的名词或代词为不可数名词， 例如：None of it is here, is it?26.0当陈述部分主语是从句、不定式（短语）、动名词形式时，反意疑问句的主语应该用it，例如：What you need is more important, isnt it？你需要的东西更重要，是吧？That China is a great socialist country is well known, isnt it?27.0

25、 have(has)不是表示“有”的意思， 一般是个固定短语， 并在句中做谓语时，其反意疑问句的助动词要用do, does, did，例如：They had a meeting just now，didnt they? 他们刚才开了个会，是吗？We usually have breakfast at seven, dont we?28.0含有否定含义的词在陈述部分作动词的宾语时，其反意疑问句用肯定结构，也可以用否定结构，例如：You got nothing from him, did you? 你从他那儿什么也没得到，是吗？29.0当陈述部分含有否定意义的词时： never, barely,

26、scarcely, rarely, few, little, seldom, hardly, no, no one, nobody, nothing, none, neither，等，其反意疑问句需用肯定结构，例如：He is never late for school, is he? 他上学从不迟到，是吗？The Swede made no answer, did he / she?Some plants never blown (开花), do they?No one knows about it, do they?但less, fewer等词视为肯定词，疑问部分用否定形式。例如：Ther

27、e will be less pollution, wont there?30.0陈述部分由neither nor, either or 连接的并列主语时，疑问部分根据其实际逻辑意义而定， 例如：Neither you nor I am engineer, are we?31.0感叹句后加反意疑问句时，其反意疑问句需用be的一般现在时态的否定形式，例如：What fine weather, isnt it? 多好的天气啊，是吧？What colours, arent they?What a smell, isnt it?32.0当陈述部分所含的否定词是通过加前缀或后缀构成的， 其后的反意疑问句

28、依然用否定结构， 例如：It is unfair, isnt it? 这不公平，是？She dislikes smoking, doesnt she?33.0 对反意疑问句的回答，无论问题的提法如何，如果事实是肯定的，就用yes；事实是否定的，就要用no。 要特别注意陈述句部分是否定结构，反意疑问句部分用肯定式提问时，回答yes或no与汉语正好相反。这种省略回答的yes要译成“不”，no要译成“是”。例：- He likes playing football, doesnt he? 他喜欢踢足球，是吗？- Yes, he does. / No, he doesnt. 是的。/ 不是。- His

29、 sister didnt attend the meeting, did she? 他妹妹没有参加会议，是吗？- Yes, she did. / No, she didnt. 不，她参加了。/ 是的，她没参加。 非反义疑问句有些句子后面，也可以加一个简短问句，这类问句有时带有感情色彩，表示惊奇，愤怒，讽刺，不服气等。陈述部分和疑问部分不构成反意疑问关系，不遵循反意疑问句的规则。这类句子的陈述部分和疑问部分一般要么同是肯定的，要么同是否定的。例如：You call this a days work，do you？你说这就叫一天的活儿，是吗？ So thats your little trick

30、, is it? 原来是你耍的一个小花招，是吧？Your car is outside, is it? 你的车在外面，是吧？So she likes the idea, does she? 因此她赞成这个想法，是吧？I wont let you do that. You wont, wont you? 我不让你做那种事，你不，是吗？So you dont want to go, dont you? 所以你不想去，是吧？反义疑问句练习一，20题反义疑问句练习二，30题反义疑问句练习三，10题反义疑问句练习四，10题练习一(20题)，填空题：1. Shes from a small town in

31、 China, _ ? 2. They arent on their way already, _ ? 3. Were late again, _ ? 4. Im not the person with the tickets, _ ? 5. Julie isnt an accountant, _ ? 6. The weather is really bad today, _ ? 7. Hes very handsome, _ ?8. They arent in Mumbai at the moment, _ ? 9. You arent from Brazil, _ ? 10. Johns

32、a very good student, _ ? 11. I like chocolate very much, _ ? 12. She doesnt work in a hotel, _ ? 13. They need some new clothes, _ ? 14. We live in a tiny flat, _ ? 15. She studies very hard every night, _ ? 16. David and Julie dont take Chinese classes, _ ? 17. I often come home late, _ ? 18. You d

33、ont like spicy food, _ ? 19. She doesnt cook very often, _ ? 20. We dont watch much TV, _ ?练习一(20题)答案：1. Shes from a small town in China, isnt she? 2. They arent on their way already, are they? 3. Were late again, arent we? 4. Im not the person with the tickets, am I? 5. Julie isnt an accountant, is

34、 she? 6. The weather is really bad today, isnt it? 7. Hes very handsome, isnt he? 8. They arent in Beijing at the moment, are they? 9. You arent from Paris, are you? 10. Johns a very good student, isnt he? 11. I like chocolate very much, dont I? 12. She doesnt work in a hotel, does she? 13. They nee

35、d some new clothes, dont they?14. We live in a tiny flat, dont we? 15. She studies very hard every night, doesnt she? 16. David and Julie dont take Chinese classes, do they? 17. I often come home late, dont I? 18. You dont like spicy food, do you?19. She doesnt cook very often, does she? 20. We dont

36、 watch much TV, do we?练习二(30题)，单选题：1Zhou Ming has few English magazines,_? A. does he B. doesnt he C. has he D. hasnt he2Cindy could hardly speak English three years ago, _? A. couldnt she B. could she C. can she3Alice had a wonderful time yesterday,_? A. hadnt she B. wasnt she C. didnt she D. would

37、nt she4She didnt come to school yesterday, did she? _, though she was not feeling well. A. No, she didnt B. Yes, she didnt C. No, she did D. Yes, she did5- He hardly spent any time on his subjects, _? - _, so he does badly in his lessons. A .didnt he, Yes B. did he, Yes C. didnt he, No D. did he, No

38、6Hes read this book before, ? A. hasnt he B. doesnt he C. isnt he D. wasnt he7- Lets go for a walk, _? - OK, Im coming. Dont forget to bring your camera, _? A. will you; will you B. will you; shall we C. shall we; shall we D. shall we; will you8John had a short walk after lunch, _？ A. did he B. didn

39、t he C. had he D. hadnt he9Nancy hardly rings you up, _? A. doesnt she B. does she C. doesnt Nancy D. does Nancy10-Your brother often disagrees with you, _ he? - _. We often have different opinions. A. does; YesB. doesnt ;Yes C. does; NoD. doesnt; No11Kates neverlate for school, ? A. isnt sheB. hasn

40、t he C. is sheD. has she12- Liu Tao has never read the book The Adventure of Tom Sawyer, _ he? - _. He told me its very interesting. Hed like to read it again. A. is; No, he isnt B. has; Yes, he has C. isnt; Yes, he is D. hasnt; No, he hasnt13- Hes never late for school, _ ? - No, he isnt .He is alw

41、ays very early. A. is heB. isnt he C. hasnt he D. has he14- Theres little meat left in the fridge, _? - _. Ill get some on my way home. A. is there, YesB. isnt there, Yes C. is there, NoD. isnt there, No15- Tom finished his homework, didnt he? - _, though he was ill yesterday. A. No, he didntB. Yes,

42、 he did C. Yes, he doesD. No, he doesnt16There is little water in the cup, ? A. is there B. isnt there C. isnt it17Hes still not understood by his close friend although he has said sorry to him, _? A. hasnt he B. has he C. isnt he D. is he18You have never visited the place before, you? A. did B. did

43、nt C. have D. havent19Dont keep poison in the kitchen, _? A. do you B. shall we C. will you D. dont you20There are no museums in our city, _? A. arent thereB. are there C. is there D. isnt there21Your father is playing the piano very well, he? A.is B. isnt C. does D. doesnt22- Its her birthday tomorrow, _ ? - Yes, lets have a surprise party for her. A. isnt itB. isnt she C. doesnt itD. doesnt she23- Hes never stolen anything before, _ he? - _. It