初中英语任务型阅读做题技巧及练习集锦(DOC 70页).docx

1、初中英语任务型阅读做题技巧一、任务型阅读理解题解读任务型阅读理解测试主要考查考生在有限的时间内根据不同的人的不同需要捕捉到相应的有效信息的能力。任务型阅读理解题所选文章题材真实可靠，内容贴近现代社会生活，涉及学生生活、富有时代气息，语言原汁原味。该题型主要考查考生是否能够有效地运用语言“做事”的能力，体现了语言能力、智力能力和社会经验等方面能力的有机结合。从某种意义上来说,这一题型的阅读理解实际上就是一道高水平的智能检测题综合检测考生的阅读、理解、分析、判断、跨文化交际知识以及心理感悟能力等。如果考生心理承受力比较弱,或者应试时头脑一时不那么开窍,恐怕很快就会感觉犹如“雾里看花”,似它非它了；

2、而且,考生对某一题的错误判断会影响其对其他题目作出正确的分析和判断，产生曼延作用。二、解题步骤任务型阅读理解题的解题的关键在于正确把握要求与符合要求的条件之间的一一对应关系，该类的“对应”可能是“主旨对应”,也可能是“情节对应”,还可以是“细节对应”等。同学们只要能够把握住这一原则就能轻松做好这种试题。 “一一对应阅读方法”的具体步骤如下：第一步：认真阅读背景介绍，了解话题或主题。第二步：仔细阅读题目，找出不同人物的不同要求，并在关键词下划线，以便有利于为后面的顺利解题创造良好的条件。第三：对照题目的要求，从选项中选出符合以上要求的对应条件。有时，只要顺着关键词的线索就能轻松找到正确的答案。第

3、四步：快速对照要求和条件两条线索通读一遍，做到万无一失，提高答题的准确率。三、实战演练&技巧总结任务型阅读：根据短文内容，完成表格。(每空最多填三个单词)Volunteering is good for others. Governments try to meet everyones needs, but its impossible for them to do everything. That is why some people become volunteers. If people never helped each other and only cared about thems

4、elves, the world would be a sad place. We could make a better and happier home if we worked together. And we could do something to make life easier for everyone. So, what can a volunteer or a volunteer group do?l bring food to hungry people;l make neighborhoods safer and more friendly;l protect wild

5、life and natural area;l bring comfort and happiness to lonely people; At the same time, it is good for us to do some volunteering work for our society. We can get many benefits like the following:l make new friends ;l get important skills and experience;l see more of our community and world;l fight

6、against difficulties.l build confidence and self-esteem;VolunteeringReasonsGovernments cant do 1._The world would be a sad place if people only 2._.The things we can doIf someone is lonely, we can bring 3._ to them.The 4._ we can getWe can make new friends and get important 5._and so on.信息查找细节题的解答技巧

7、v 1.从问题中找到关键词；v 2.以此关键词为线索，运用略读和 查读等技巧在文中迅速寻找和这一细节有关的 信息；v 3.找到信息源后再把这一 部分内容仔细阅读一遍，仔细推敲答案；v 4.在准确理解细节的前提下，最后确定答案 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，补全表格中所缺信息(每空最多填三个单词)Many people think that twins are exactly the same. But theyre not . Ali and Ahmet are twin brothers. They look the same and in some ways they are the sam

8、e. But in other ways they are very different. Ali and Ahmet are both very athletic. Ali and Ahmet both like soccer. But Ali plays every day and Ahmet plays only on weekends. Ahmet likes watching soccer games on TV, but Ali only likes to play the game, not to watch it. Ali and Ahmet are both outgoing

9、 and funny, but Ahmet is a little more serious about schoolwork. Ali and Ahmet are very popular at school, and they both have a lot of friends.The TwinsThe same 1Ali and Ahmet are outgoing, funny, and healthy. Their hobby is 1._.Difference 2Ahmet likes watching football games on TV but Ali prefers p

10、laying the game to 4._.Difference 3Ahmet does his schoolwork 5._than Ali does.信息转化同义转化题的解答策略1. 认真阅读原句，弄清转换部分与原句的对应部分，对原句所表达的含义及句子结构、时态、语态、表达形式等要认真加以分析，弄清其言下之意，做到心中有数。2. 根据所给的空格，确定同义的句式和恰当的同义词语。解题时应把原句与要改写的句子联系起来，抓住关键内容，灵活运用所学的知识。3. 认真检查改写后的句子，注意检查所用的表达方式、时态、语态、词汇、结构等是否符合题目要求，意思是否与原句一致。任务型阅读：阅读下面短文，根

11、据短文内容，补全所缺的信息。 The idea of Mothers Day is a very good idea. It was started by the ancient Egyptians (埃及人)，who celebrated (庆祝) a day to honor(向表示敬意)Isis, the mother of the pharaohs. The early Christians(基督教徒)celebrated a day to honor Mary, the mother of Jesus. Later, English Christians celebrated to

12、honor all mothers. This English holiday was called “Mothering Sunday. Today, Mothers Day is celebrated in many other countries for all mothers. In Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Mothers Day is celebrated on the same day as in the United States- the second Sunday in May. Children give their mothers

13、cards, gifts, and flowers. Schools plan Mothers Days special activities.1. Whats the title of this passage? _.2. Do you think Mothers Day is a good idea to celebrate all mothers in the world?_.3. Why do you think so? _.信息归纳题的解答技巧一.归纳概括文章主旨。 1.从文章中找出能概括文章中心思想的主题句。注意文章的标题，开头和结尾。 2.用自己的语言归纳概括。注意结合文中主题词

14、所在的一些相关句子，整合出主题句。 3.注意归纳要概括性强，谨防以偏概全。二.分析作者的态度和立场。作者的态度和立场一般分为三大类：1.支持 2.中立 3.反对 1.寻找文中带有感情色彩的词来判断识别作者的态度。 2.根据作者提供的例证推断其暗示的态度、观点。 3.根据与问题相关的细节做出判断。 4.通读全篇文章，把握文章的主旨后，才能做出正确的回答。 任务型阅读：阅读短文内容，补全表格中所缺信息。每空最多填三个单词。 Cars are very important in the life of the Americans. Without a car , most American peop

15、le would feel that they are poor .And even if a person is poor, he doesnt really feel poor when he has a car. Henry Ford was the man who started making cars in large numbers. He probably didnt know how much cars would affect the American culture. Cars have made the United States a nation on wheels.

16、And it has helped to make the United States what it is today. Why are cars so important in the American society? The USA is a large country and the Americans like to move around in it . Making a trip in a car is comfortable and cheap. With a car people can go to any place without spending a lot of m

17、oney. In the USA, the government has never really developed a public transportation which is both fast and cheap .Long distance trains have never been as common as they are in some other parts of the world. Nowadays, it is very convenient for the Americans to make a trip by plane. But it is too expe

18、nsive. In the USA, people dont like to wait for a bus or a train or even a plane. They dont like to have to follow an exact timetable(时间表).A car gives them the freedom to plan their own time. And this is the freedom that the Americans want most to have. However, the Americans are also facing a big p

19、roblem: it is hard to get enough gas(汽油)for cars. But the answer will not be a big system(系统)of public transportation. The real solution will have to be a new kind of car which doesnt use so much gas. Paragraph1The 1._in the life of the Americans.Paragraph2The author gives us 2._why cars are so impo

20、rtant in the USA. Making a trip by car is comfortable and cheap. The American government cant provide a public transportation which is both3._. Americans dont like to have to follow4._in their life. Paragraph3A problem for the Americans: There isnt enough gas for cars. The authors suggestion: To dev

21、elop a new kind of car which5._.小结：信息查找细节题的解答技巧1.从问题中找到关键词；2.以此关键词为线索，运用略读和 查读等技巧在文中迅速寻找和这一细节有关的 信息；3.找到信息源后再把这一 部分内容仔细阅读一遍，仔细推敲答案；4.在准确理解细节的前提下，最后确定答案 信息转化同义转化题的解答策略1. 认真阅读原句，弄清转换部分与原句的对应部分，对原句所表达的含义及句子结构、时态、语态、表达形式等要认真加以分析，弄清其言下之意，做到心中有数。2. 根据所给的空格，确定同义的句式和恰当的同义词语。解题时应把原句与要改写的句子联系起来，抓住关键内容，灵活运用所学的

22、知识。3. 认真检查改写后的句子，注意检查所用的表达方式、时态、语态、词汇、结构等是否符合题目要求，意思是否与原句一致。信息归纳题的解答技巧一.归纳概括文章主旨。 1.从文章中找出能概括文章中心思想的主题句。注意文章的标题，开头和结尾。 2.用自己的语言归纳概括。注意结合文中主题词所在的一些相关句子，整合出主题句。 3.注意归纳要概括性强，谨防以偏概全。二.分析作者的态度和立场。作者的态度和立场一般分为三大类：1.支持 2.中立 3.反对 1.寻找文中带有感情色彩的词来判断识别作者的态度。 2.根据作者提供的例证推断其暗示的态度、观点。 3.根据与问题相关的细节做出判断。 4.通读全篇文章，把

23、握文章的主旨后，才能做出正确的回答。If you are studying English, the Language Study Fair (游乐会)that is being held this month will certainly attract you. The fair is going on between the 28th and 30th of June at the National Education Centre. It is held to answer all your questions about self-study no matter how your E

24、nglish is. The Language Study Fair gives a very good chance for you to see and to get all kinds of information to help you improve the way you study. Over 350 producers of educational materials (材料)will be at the fair. Come along to this, and you wont waste your money in the future on materials that

25、 are out-of-date, or books that you just dont need. Weve got lots of different things for you to see and hear. There will be stands (展台)showing different kinds of self-study textbooks and talks by educational speakers on the best ways to study by yourself. Were sure youll also enjoy watching people

26、using the latest computer programs to make studying English alone so much easier. This is for you to make good decisions about what to buy. You can come to the fair from nine thirty to five. Tickets cost 5 each, or 3 if youre a full-time student. All tickets can be booked by ringing the ticket hotli

27、ne. The number is 9847711. So, we hope to see you there! 1.Who will go to the Language Study Fair? _2.What will attract those who go to the Language Study Fair ? _3.What will you buy if you want to make studying English much easier? _4.What is the opening time of the fair ? _5. How can you get a tic

28、ket for the fair ? _【答案及解析】1. School students / English learners / Lovers of English. 由句子“If youre studying English, the Language Study Fair thats being held this month will certainly attract you.”可以推知：不论是学生还是英语学习者和爱好者等都会前往。 2. All kinds of information on English learning / Educational materials / D

29、ifferent kinds of self-study textbooks / Talks on the best ways to study by yourself / The latest computer programs to make studying English alone so much easier.根据短文第二段的大部分内容介绍“语言学习游乐会”的主要内容，这些也是展示会上引人注目的内容。 3. Different kinds of self-study textbooks and the latest computer programs 根据短文内容推测自学课本和教学

30、自学方法的电脑软件可以帮助学习英语的人自己自学英语，提高自学英语的效率。4. From nine thirty to five between the 28th and 30th of June. 根据短文中的句子“The fair is going on between the 28th and 30th of June.”和句子 “You can come to the fair from nine thirty to five.”可知。 5. By ringing / Phone the ticket hotline / By calling 9847711.根据短文中的句子 “All

31、the tickets can be booked by ringing the ticket hotline. The number is 9847711.”可以知道答案。One day the famous American scientist Albert Einstein met an old friend of his on a street in New York.“Mr Einstein,” said the friend, “ it seems that you need to put on a new overcoat. Look, how worn-out it is!”“

32、It doesnt matter,” answered Albert Einstein. “No one knows me here in New York.”Several years later they met in New York again. Einstein had been a world-famous physicist after then but he still wore the same old overcoat.Once more his friend persuaded him to buy a new one.“There is no need now,” sa

33、id Einstein, “Everybody here has known me.”根据短文内容，回答问题。1. Where did Albert Einstein met an old friend of his?_ 2. What did the friend want him to buy?_3. How about Einsteins overcoat?_4. Did Einstein still wear the same old overcoat when he became a world-famous physicist?_5. What did Einstein say w

34、hen the friend persuade once more him to buy a new overcoat?_【答案及解析】1. On a street in New York。所问的问题是“爱因斯坦在那儿遇见了他的老朋友?”根据One day the famous American scientist Albert Einstein met an old friend of his on a street in New York(一天，在纽约的一条街道上，著名美国科学家爱因斯坦遇见了他的一个老朋友)就能作出上述回答。2. A new overcoat。所问的问题是 “他的朋友让他

35、买什么?” 根据“ it seems that you need to put on a new overcoat. Look, how worn-out it is!”(“你该穿一件新大衣了。看，你的大衣多么破呀！)就能作出上述回答。3. Very old。所问的问题是 “爱因斯坦的大衣怎么样了?” 根据文章的标题就能作出上述回答。4. Yes, he did。所问的问题是 “成名之后的爱因斯坦仍然穿同一件破大衣吗?” 根据Several years later they met in New York again. Einstein had been a world-famous phys

36、icist after then but he still wore the same old overcoat. (几年之后，他们再次在纽约相遇了，这时候的爱因斯坦已经成了世界著名的大科学家。然而，他仍然穿着那件破大衣)就能作出上述回答5. There is no need now. Everybody here has known me。所问的问题是 “当朋友再次劝爱因斯坦买一件新大衣时，他是怎么说的?” 根据“There is no need now,” said Einstein, “Everybody here has known me.”(爱因斯坦说：“没有必要了，这儿的人都知道我

37、了)就能作出上述回答。Once Goethe, the great German poet, was walking in a park. He was thinking about something when he noticed he came to a very, very narrow road. Just at that time, a young man came towards him from the other end of the road. It was too narrow for both of them to pass through at the same ti

38、me. They stopped and looked at each other for a while. Then the young man said rudely, “I never make way for a fool.” But Goethe smiled and said, “I always do.” Then he turned back quickly and walked towards the end of the road.根据短文内容，回答问题。1. Where was Goethe walking?_2. Who came towards Goethe from

39、 the other end of the road?_3. Was the road too narrow for both of them to pass through at the same time?_4. Did the young man make way for Goethe?_5. Who turned back quickly and walked towards the end of the road?_答案及解析：1. In a park。 所问的问题是“歌德正走在什么地方?”根据Once Goethe, the great German poet, was walki

40、ng in a park(有一次，德国大诗人歌德正在一个公园里散步)就能作出上述回答。2. A young man。所问的问题是“谁从路的另一端向歌德走来?”根据Just at that time, a young man came towards him from the other end of the road(就在那个时候，一个年轻人从从路的另一端向他走来)就能作出上述回答。3. Yes, it was。所问的问题是“这条路太窄两个人不能同时经过吗?”根据It was too narrow for both of them to pass through at the same tim

41、e. (这条路太窄两个人不能同时经过)就能作出上述回答。4. No, he didnt。所问的问题是“那个年轻人给歌德让路了吗?”根据Then the young man said rudely, “I never make way for a fool.”(当时，那个年轻人粗暴地说：“我决不会给一个傻瓜让路)就能作出上述回答。5. Goethe。所问的问题是“谁很快转身走回去?”根据Goethe smiled and said, “I always do.” Then he turned back quickly and walked towards the end of the road(

42、歌德微笑着说：“我总是给傻瓜让路”，说吧，他很快转身走回去)就能作出上述回答。Have you ever heard of a girl of 15, who set up a company of her own? Wendy Wong is the girl. She started the business two years ago. She has already written several successful computer games. They are so popular that over half a million games are sold every ye

43、ar. Now all of her family work in her business, and she is still at school.She gets up early in the morning, and then she talks with her family about the business over breakfast. Every day she goes to school in her own car with a driver, for she is not old enough.She enjoys her school, but some of the work is too easy for her to feel interested. She usually gets A grades in all her subjects, so the other students often ask her for help. She finished her homework in half an hour after her driver takes her home. After dinner, she goes to her office and goes