高二英语语法填空及其解题技巧及练习题(含答案)及解析(DOC 13页).doc

1、高二英语语法填空及其解题技巧及练习题(含答案)及解析一、高中英语语法填空1阅读下列材料,在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Scientists found that air pollution may be responsible _ a significant reduction in intelligence. The research _ (conduct) for the World Health Organization (WHO) in China showed that air pollution was responsible for big: fal

2、ls in test _ (score) for languages and arithmetic. The study is called The impact of exposure to air pollution on cognitive (认知的）performance . It _ (publish) in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences journal. The study took place over four years. Researchers analyzed speaking and arithm

3、etic tests taken by 20 000 people of all ages. They said, Polluted air may prevent cognitive ability as people become older. The study is a warning to the rest of the world, especially to _ in cities. Over 91 percent of the world population live in areas with _ (poison) air and air pollution is the

4、fourth _ (high) cause of global deaths. Researchers discovered that _ longer people were exposed to polluted air, the greater their intelligence went down. They said air pollution caused a years worth of lost education. For those _ were over 60 years old, this could be several years. A researcher wa

5、rned, There is no shortcut _ (solve) this issue. Governments really need to take effective measures to reduce air pollution.【答案】 for；conducted；scores；was published；those；poisonous；highest；the；who；to solve 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，科学研究表明空气污染可能会导致人的智力下降，并且随着年龄的增长，其可能会阻碍认知能力。研究者们呼吁政府采取有效措施减少空气污染。 （1）考查介词。句意：科学

6、家们发现，空气污染可能是智力大幅下降的原因。be responsible for固定短语，“对负责，是的原因”。故填for。 （2）考查非谓语动词。句意：世界卫生组织(WHO)在中国进行的研究表明，空气污染是语言和算术考试分数大幅下降的原因。分析句子结构可知，showed是本句的谓语，此处应用非谓语动词作定语，修饰名词The research，主语The research和动词conduct之间是被动关系，所以此处应用conduct的过去分词形式表被动。故填conducted。 （3）考查名词。句意：世界卫生组织(WHO)在中国进行的研究表明，空气污染是语言和算术考试分数大幅下降的原因。sco

7、re“分数，成绩”，是可数名词，此处表示语言和算术的测试分数，应用复数形式。故填scores。 （4）考查时态语态。句意：这项研究发表在美国国家科学院院刊上。句子的主语It指代前一句中的The study，The study和publish之间是被动关系，且publish这一动作发生在过去，所以应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was published。 （5）考查代词。句意：这项研究是对世界其它地区，尤其是对城市居民的一个警告。此处应用those指代那些在城市居住的人。故填those。 （6）考查形容词。句意：超过91%的世界人口生活在有毒的空气的地区，空气污染是导致全球死亡的第四大原因。根据

8、空格后的名词air可知，此处应用形容词修饰名词air，表示“有毒的空气”。故填poisonous。 （7）考查形容词。句意：超过91%的世界人口生活在有毒的空气的地区，空气污染是导致全球死亡的第四大原因。根据空格前的the和序数闻fourth可知，此处表示空气污染是全球第四大死因，应用high的最髙级。故填highest。 （8）考查冠词。句意：研究人员发现，人们接触污染空气的时间越长，他们的智力下降得越厉害。固定结构the+比较级. the+比较级.“越就越”，因此，比较级longer前应加定冠词the。故填the。 （9）考查定语从句。句意：对于那些超过60岁的人来说，这可能需要几年的时间

9、。空格前的those是代词，意为“那些人”，空格处引导定语从句，在从句做主语，修饰先行词those指人，引导词应用who。 先行词为those时，关系代词不能用that。故填who。 （10）考查非谓语动词。句意：在这个问题上没有捷径可走。There is no shortcut to do sth.固定句式，“没有干某事的捷径”，此处用动词不定式。故填to solve。 【点评】本题考点涉及介词，非谓语动词，名词，时态语态，代词，形容词，冠词，定语从句等多个知识点的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正

10、确的单词形式。 2阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When an important holiday comes, I usually think of what gifts to buy or prepare for my family members. It is the act itself rather than the thing you buy that _(matter). Either a small present, a text message or a phone call can mean a lot to the receivers.

11、 _, I had never got anything from my son, who is a university student. Parents never forget to celebrate their childrens birthday, but their children seem to be very _(forget). They seldom do something in return. Life is unpredictable, and you never know what will happen tomorrow. When my son came b

12、ack during the summer vacation, my wife and I, as usual, _(meet) him at the station. On arriving home, much _my surprise, my son took out a wrist watch and gave it to me, _(say) it was a birthday gift for me. It is a very fashionable watch, _shows not only hours, minutes and seconds but days as well

13、. You can imagine how surprised and excited I was at that moment. Some people say children get too much care and love from their parents and just take them for granted. It is natural for people to have such concerns and _(worry), but things may not turn out as badly as_(expect). We need to look more

14、 at the positive side of life, as a famous writer once said, Life is _best classroom one can never get.【答案】 matters；However；forgetful；met；to；saying；which；worries；expected；the 【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文讲述父母常常记得儿女的生日，而儿女很少记得父母的生日。但作者的儿子给他意外的惊喜。 （1）句意：重要的是你买礼物这个行动本身而不是你买的东西。强调主语the act itself应为第三人称，故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式

15、，故填matters。 （2）句意：然而，我从没收到任何来自我身为一个大学生的儿子的礼物。根据下文Parents never forget to celebrate their childrens birthday父母从来不会忘记庆祝他们孩子的生日，They seldom do something in return.他们几乎不会做任何事情回报父母。故此处表示转折，用however，然而。句首首字母要大写。故填However。 （3）句意：父母从来不会忘记庆祝他们孩子的生日，但孩子们似乎非常健忘。very为副词，应修饰形容词，forgetful健忘的。故填forgetful。 （4）句意：当儿

16、子暑假回来，通常，妻子和我到车站去接他。根据前文when my son came back，可知此处应用一般过去时，故填met。 （5）句意：一回到家，令我很惊讶的是，他拿出了一个腕表给我，说它是我的生日礼物。to ones surprise为固定搭配，故填to。 （6）句意：一回到家，令我很惊讶的是，他拿出了一个腕表给我，说它是我的生日礼物。say这个动作伴随着给我腕表这个动作的发生，做伴随状语，用现在分词saying，故填saying。 （7）句意：它是一款非常时尚的手表，不仅显示时、分、秒，也显示日期。 shows not only hours, minutes and seconds

17、but days as well. 是非限定定语从句，修饰watch，指物，连词用which，故填which。 （8）句意：对于人们来说有这样的关注和担心很正常，但事情并非我们所预料的那样糟。and连接两个并列成分，前后要一致， concerns是名词复数，worry用复数形式worries。故填worries。 （9）句意：对于人们来说有这样的关注和担心很正常，但事情并非我们所预料的那样糟。as expected为固定短语，正如希望的那样，故填expected。 （10）句意：生命是一个人永远无法得到最好的课堂。定冠词the修饰形容词最高级，故填the。 【点评】考查动词时态、副词用法、形容

18、词、固定搭配、非谓语动词、名词单复数以及冠词。先通读全文，理解文章大意。再细读文章，分析句子成分及含义逐一作答，最后再读文章，修正错误。3语法填空 Many of the earths plants and animals have already_(die) out, and a hundred species become _(endanger) every day. If nothing is done, we may find ourselves_ (lonely) on the earth. Wild animals live in the_ (forest) which are b

19、eing destroyed by people. As_ result, the animals are _(lose) their habitats. Without the trees, the animals are short of food. And many animals are dying out because of pollution. I suggest that measures should be taken _(protect) wildlife. The government should keep people _destroying forests and

20、shut down the factories _ pollute rivers and air, I think more wildlife reserves should also be _(build).【答案】 Died；endangered；alone；forests；a；losing；to protect；from；which/that；built 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，地球上的很多动、植物已经灭绝，一百个物种每天都变得濒临绝境，我们应该采取措施保护野生动植物。 （1）考查时态。句意：地球上的很多动、植物已经灭绝。根据句意可知句子用现在完成时态，故填died。 （2）考

21、查非谓语动词。句意：一百个物种每天都变得濒临绝境。endangered为形容词化的分词形式，意为“濒临灭绝的”，故填endangered。 （3）考查形容词。句意：如果没有采取措施，我们可能发现我们自己在地球上独自存在。alone “独自的，单独的”，答案为alone。 （4）考查名词。句意：野生动物生活在被人正在毁掉的森林里。根据句意可知名词用复数形式，故答案为forests。 （5）考查冠词。as a result固定短语，“结果”，故填a。 （6）考查时态。句意：动物正在失去它们的栖息地。句子用现在进行时态，故填losing。 （7）考查非谓语动词。此处是动词不定式做目的状语，故填to

22、protect。 （8）考查介词。keep sb. from doing sth.固定短语，“阻止某人做某事”，故填from。 （9）考查定语从句。句意：关闭污染河流和空气的工厂。此处factories是先行词，指物，在后面的定语从句中做主语，故填which/that。 （10）考查语态。句意：我认为还应该建立更多的野生动物保护区。根据句意可知句子用含情态动词的被动语态，故填built。 【点评】本题考点涉及时态，非谓语动词，形容词，名词，冠词，时态，介词，定语从句以及语态等多个知识点的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行

23、分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。4阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 My hometown is Hangzhou, which attracts a great many tourists every year. Hangzhou played a very _ (importance) role in Chinese history, so it has a number of great heritage sites well reserved. Lying on the west district of Hangzhou city, West Lake

24、 _ (be) the symbol of Hangzhou as well as one of the most beautiful _ (sight) in China. West Lake has all along been praised as a sparkling pearl. If you want to enjoy _ whole West Lake, there are three kinds of sight you need to see. The sunny one, the rainy one and the night view of it. There is a

25、 saying that the sunny West Lake is not equal _ the rainy West Lake, and the rainy West Lake is less beautiful than the West Lake at night. At last there is a love tale _ happened at West Lake. It is said that a white snake changed into a beautiful lady, who _ (call) Bai Suzhen. She was willing to r

26、epay Xu Xian for _ (save) her life 500 years ago. Then she married him, living together _ (happy). But the Monk Fa Hai kept doing wrongs to her. He finally made them part. Bai Suzhen was shut in the Leifeng tower and the couple had no chance _ (meet) again.【答案】 important；is；sights；the；to；which；was c

27、alled；saving；happily；to meet 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了作者的家乡杭州以及关于西湖的一个传说。 （1）考查形容词。句意：杭州在中国历史上扮演了一个非常重要的角色，所以它有很多很好的遗产保护。此处修饰名词role应用形容词，故填important。 （2）考查主谓一致。句意：西湖位于杭州市西城区，是杭州的象征，也是中国最美的风景之一。此处句子主语是专有名词West Lake，谓语用单数，且描述客观事实用一般现在时，故填is。 （3）考查名词。句意：西湖位于杭州市西城区，是杭州的象征，也是中国最美的风景之一。根据上文的one of the可知后跟复数名词表

28、示“其中之一”，故填sights。 （4）考查冠词。句意：如果你想欣赏整个西湖，你需要看三种景观。此处the是定冠词，表示特指，修饰whole West Lake。故填the。 （5）考查介词。句意: 有句话说，阳光充足的西湖并不等于多雨的西湖，多雨的西湖也不如夜晚的西湖美丽。be equal to固定短语，“与相等”。故填to。 （6）考查定语从句。句意：最后有一个爱情故事，发生在西湖。此处which是关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词tale，在从句中做主语，故填which。 （7）考查时态语态。句意：据说，白蛇变成了一位美丽的女士，她叫白素贞。此处句子主语是who，指的是lady

29、，与call是被动关系，故用被动语态，且事情发生在过去应用一般现在时，主语为a beautiful lady，故填was called。 （8）考查非谓语动词。句意：她愿意报答五百年前许仙救了她的命。此处作介词for的宾语应用动名词。故填saving。 （9）考查副词。句意：然后她嫁给了他，幸福地生活在一起。此处修饰动词living 应用副词，故填happily。 （10）考查非谓语动词。句意：白素贞被关在了雷峰塔，这对夫妇再也没有机会见面了。have chance to do sth.固定短语，“有机会做某事”。故填to meet。 【点评】本题考点涉及形容词，主谓一致，名词，冠词，介词，定

30、语从句，时态语态，非谓语动词以及副词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。5语法填空 As kids reach adolescence, they often face increasing workloads and responsibilities but school still starts early. As a result, it _ (report) that 80 to 90 percent of teens dont get enough sleep. T

31、his sleep _ (lose) causes kids to suffer mentally and physically. But too much sleep also has its problems. According to Andrew Fuligni, a sleep doctor in a famous hospital, _ studies the mental health of adolescents, sleeping less than eight hours _ more, than ten can make teenagers fed worse the n

32、ext day. _ (help) teens get enough sleep, some schools have already made school start later. They have found that the later times let kids sleep more. They also have seen _ (high) test scores and better graduation rates. However, this isnt enough. Meanwhile, teenagers have to help _ (they). Fuligni

33、suggests teens sleep for 10 hours each night for a week or two. This will help them figure _ how much sleep they require to fed their best. However, sleeping more on weekends _（be） not a good idea to compensate for missing sleep during the week. Fuligni warns that getting different _（amount）of sleep

34、 each, night can be had for mental health.【答案】 is reported；loss；who；or；To help；higher；themselves；out；is；amounts 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了关于青少年的睡眠问题。睡眠在青少年的成长中很重要。随着孩子们进入青春期，他们经常面临越来越多的工作负担和责任，但学校仍然很早就开始上课。结果是，有80%到90%的青少年没有得到足够的睡眠。 （1）考查时态语态。结果是，有80%到90%的青少年没有得到足够的睡眠。It is reported that.，固定句式，“据报道.”，故填is

35、 reported。 （2）考查名词。这种睡眠不足会让孩子们在精神上和身体上遭受痛苦。句子缺少主语，所以此处应该用名词形式做主语，故填loss。 （3）考查定语从句。此处a sleep doctor是先行词，指人，后面的非限制性定语从句缺少主语和先行词，故填who。 （4）考查连词。一家著名医院的睡眠医生，他研究青少年的心理健康，睡眠时间少于8小时甚至超过10小时，这可能会让青少年第二天的情况变得更糟。or more或更多，故填or。 （5）考查非谓语动词。为了帮助青少年获得充足的睡眠，一些学校已经开始了学校的开学，帮助青少年获得充足的睡眠，一些学校已经在晚些时候开始上课。此处是动词不定式做目

36、的状语。故填To help。 （6）考查形容词。他们也看到了更高的考试成绩和更好的毕业率。根据后面的better，可知此空用比较级，故填higher。 （7）考查代词。与此同时，青少年不得不帮助他们自己。结合句意，用反身代词，故填themselves。 （8）考查副词。这将帮助他们计算出他们需要多少睡眠才使他们得到最好的睡眠。figure out固定短语，“明白，理解，计算出”，故填out。 （9）考查时态。为了弥补一周的睡眠不足在周末睡得更多不是一个好主意。此处是动名词短语作主语，文章讲的是日常情况，所以句子用一般现在时态，故填is。 （10）考查名词。根据different可知后面的名词用

37、复数形式，故填amounts。 【点评】本题考点涉及时态语态，名词，定语从句，连词，非谓语动词，形容词，代词，副词，时态等多个知识点的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。6阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 At the beginning, written Chinese was a picture-based language. It dates back several thousand years _ the use of animal bones

38、 and shells on which symbols _ (carve) by ancient Chinese people. Some of the ancient symbols can still be seen in todays hanzi. By the Shang Dynasty, these symbols _ (become) a well-developed writing system. Over the years, the system developed into different forms, as it was a time when people wer

39、e divided geographically, _ (lead) to many varieties of dialects and characters. This, _, changed under the rule of Emperor Qinshihuang of the Qin Dynasty. Emperor Qinshihuang made the seven major states into one _ (unite) country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction. T

40、hat writing system was of great _ (important) in uniting the Chinese people and culture. Even today, no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak, they can all still communicate _ (easy) in writing. Written Chinese has also become an important means by _ Chinas present is connected

41、 with its past. People in modern times can read the classic _ (work) which were written by Chinese in ancient times. The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters as an art form, known as Chinese calligraphy, which has become an important part of

42、 Chinese culture.【答案】 to；were carved；had become；leading；however；united；importance；easily；which；works 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国文字记录的发展历史。 （1）考查介词。date back to固定短语，“追溯到”，故填to。 （2）考查时态语态。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，且事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时，主语为symbols复数名词，谓语动词用复数。故填were carved。 （3）考查时态。句意：到了商代，这些符号已经成为一种很发达的文字系统。根据“by the Sh

43、ang Dynasty”可知，应使用过去完成时，表示“到为止，已经成为”，故填had become。 （4）考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，lead在句中做非谓语动词，且system与lead to为主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，填leading。 （5）考查副词。句意：然而，这种情况在秦朝秦始皇的统治下改变了。结合句意可知表示转折，“但是”应用however，故填however。 （6）考查形容词。修饰名词country，应用形容词，表示“一个统一的国家”。故填united。 （7）考查名词。be of importance固定短语，“很重要的”，故填importance。 （8）考查副词

44、。修饰动词communicate，应用副词，表示“容易沟通”，故填easily。 （9）考查定语从句。句意：书面汉语也成为中国的现在与过去联系的重要手段。本句为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句修饰先行词means，且做介词by的宾语，指代“手段”应用关系代词which。故填which。 （10）考查名词。work“作品”，可数名词，根据were可知，应使用名词复数，故填works。 【点评】本题考点涉及介词，时态语态，非谓语动词，副词，形容词，名词，定语从句等多个知识点的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出

45、正确的单词形式。7阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内的单词的正确形式。 The Duanwu Festival, known as the Dragon Boat Festival, _ (found) in memory of Qu Yuan, _ was a scholar and minister of the state of Chu during the Warring States period (475-221BC). The festival date is on the _ (five) day of May on the Chinese lunar c

46、alendar. Traditional celebrations of the Dragon Boat Festival include _ (eat) zongzi, drinking wine and racing dragon boats. You dont have to live in China long to know the _ (country) most popular foods with good stories behind them. Thats _ (particular) true of zongzi, which have been connected _

47、the Dragon Boat Festival for more than a thousand years. Zongzi, rice dumplings wrapped in _ (leaf), remain with us today as the traditional way _ (celebrate) the Dragon Boat Festival. In general, northern Chinese prefer sweet versions of these steamed treats while southerners like _ (salt) tastes. In the north, some zong