译林牛津版高中英语模块七Unit2-Reading课件.ppt

1、高二（下）高二（下）Unit 2Fit for lifeReading ReadingTwo life-saving medicinesReadingPart A Read the text quickly and answer these questions.1.What are the two medicines mentioned in the article?Aspirin and PenicillinHow much do you know about the two medicines？aspirinpenicillinAlexander Fleming3.What award d

2、id Fleming,Florey and Chain share?In 1928.The Nobel Prize in Medicine.2.When was Penicillin first discovered?1.When was aspirin first made?Nearly 3,500 years ago.Read the passage carefully and answer some detailed questions:In 1897.2.When did people find that drinking a special kind of tea could red

3、uce body pains and fever?3.What other things can aspirin help with besides reducing fever and pain?It can also help reduce the risk of heart attacks by thinning blood,prevent strokes,reduce the risk of some cancers,increase the length of peoples lives and help with diabetes.4.Where did Alexander Fle

4、ming find penicillin?In a mould that killed bacteria.5.What illnesses did Alexander Fleming think the mould might be used to treat?It might be used to treat illnesses caused by bacteria.6.What difficulties did Fleming have in developing penicillin as a drug?First he was unable to find a procedure to

5、 make penicillin pure enough to work as a medicine.Second,it was difficult to produce penicillin in the ample quantities needed to be effective.Further reading:Read the passage again and try to fill in the form below.Effects of aspirinreduce fever and help stop painreduce the risk of heart attackspr

6、event a stroke reduce the risk of some cancerreduce blood sugar levels,help people with diabetesEffects of penicillinhelp in treating wounds and illness caused by bacteriaSold in shops in the form of tablets19001928Discovered by Alexander Fleming1940Made and tested in large quantitiesMass production

7、 began1944Proved to reduce the risk of heart attacks197119772003190019281944Proved to reduce the risk of heart attacks197119772003Used to prevent a strokeUsed to reduce blood sugar levels1.revolution2.beneficial3.possess4.circulate5.astonish6.approval7.acceleratea.having a good effectb.surprise some

8、one very muchc.agreement to go ahead with a plan or an idea.d.have or own somethinge.make something happen faster than usualf.a great change that affects many peopleg.move around a place or system without stopping.Answers to Part E1.Potential 2.effective3.unable 4.abnormal5.application6.sicknessesLa

9、nguage points open up:(1)to show something that was hidden or not previously known:The debate could open up sharp differences between the countries.这次辩论能够揭露这些国家之间的明显差异。这次辩论能够揭露这些国家之间的明显差异。(2)to make a space larger or less enclosed:Were going to open up our kitchen by knocking down a couple of walls.

10、我们打算把墙壁推倒来扩大我们的厨房。我们打算把墙壁推倒来扩大我们的厨房。(3)to start to talk more about yourself and your feelings:Ive never opened up to anyone like I do to you.我从来没有对任何人像对你一样敞开心扉。我从来没有对任何人像对你一样敞开心扉。probability:noun C or U the likelihood of something happening or being true:What is the probability of winning?获胜的可能性有多大获

11、胜的可能性有多大?Theres a high/strong probability(that)(=It is very likely that)shell be here.很可能她会来这儿。很可能她会来这儿。probable:adj.likely to be true or likely to happen:The probable cause of death was heart failure.死亡的可能原因是心脏病。死亡的可能原因是心脏病。+that It is probable that he will come.他很可能会来。他很可能会来。注意比较：注意比较：probable adj

12、.很可能的，与很可能的，与likely 意思相近，意思相近，有时可以互换；有时可以互换；possible 的语气稍弱。它们的语气稍弱。它们各自的句型如下：各自的句型如下：Its probable/possible for sb.to do sth.Its probable/possible thatIts likely thatSb./Sth.is likely to do sth.focus on sth.聚焦于聚焦于听讲座的时候，你应该特别关注演讲者的主要观点。听讲座的时候，你应该特别关注演讲者的主要观点。When listening to a lecture,you should foc

13、us on the speakers main points.这个节目主要讲述了中国的太空探险。这个节目主要讲述了中国的太空探险。The program mainly focuses on Chinas space exploration.你必须把思想集中在解答难题上。你必须把思想集中在解答难题上。You must focus your mind on working out the problem.所有的目光都集中在演讲者的身上。所有的目光都集中在演讲者的身上。All the eyes were focused on the speaker.focus ones mind/attention

14、/eyes on把把集中于集中于to be the focus of attention成为注意力的中心成为注意力的中心明星一走进大厅便成了大家注意的中心。明星一走进大厅便成了大家注意的中心。The superstar immediately became the focus of attention when he entered the hall.环境保护的话题是我们这十年重点关注的东环境保护的话题是我们这十年重点关注的东西。西。The topic of environmental protection is our focus in this decade.focus n.中心中心(点点

15、)，集中点，焦点，集中点，焦点recommend:verb T to suggest that someone or something would be good or suitable for a particular job or purpose,or to suggest that a particular action should be done:She has been recommended for promotion.她已经被推荐提升了。她已经被推荐提升了。+(that)The doctor recommended(that)I take more exercise.医生建议

16、我进行更多的锻炼。医生建议我进行更多的锻炼。+ing form of verb I recommend writing your feelings down on paper.我建议你把自己的感觉写在纸上。我建议你把自己的感觉写在纸上。recommended:adj.It is dangerous to take more than the recommended dose of this medicine.服用超过这种药的建议剂量是很危险的。服用超过这种药的建议剂量是很危险的。recommendation:nounI got the job on his recommendation.在他的

17、举荐下我得到了这份工作。在他的举荐下我得到了这份工作。+that The report makes the recommendation that no more prisons should be built.这份报告建议不要再建造监狱。这份报告建议不要再建造监狱。makefrom:to produce something,often using a particular substance or material:Butter is made out of/from milk.黄油是用牛奶做的。黄油是用牛奶做的。相关短语相关短语:makeof/be made ofEarrings are

18、made of gold.makeinto/be made intoWood can be made into tables.make up/be made up ofEleven players make up the football team.The football team is made up of eleven players.耳环是金子做的。耳环是金子做的。木头可以制成桌子。木头可以制成桌子。1111个队员组成了这支足球队。个队员组成了这支足球队。这支足球队是由这支足球队是由1111个队员组成的。个队员组成的。trial:noun C or U a test,usually o

19、ver a limited period of time,to discover how effective or suitable something or someone is:Theyve employed her for a six-month trial(period).他们雇佣她已经有他们雇佣她已经有6 6个月的试用期了。个月的试用期了。这个新方法正在试用。这个新方法正在试用。This new method is on trial.trial and error:noun实验实验Theres no instant way of finding a cure Its just a p

20、rocess of trial and error.找到一种治疗办法没有便捷的方式找到一种治疗办法没有便捷的方式这是这是一个反复试验的过程。一个反复试验的过程。inform=in the form ofThe lawn was laid out in the form of the figure eight.这块草坪是以八这个数字的形式设计的。这块草坪是以八这个数字的形式设计的。in any shape or form:任何形式任何形式Im opposed to war in any shape or form.我反对任何形式的战争。我反对任何形式的战争。contain:verb T not

21、continuous to have something inside or include something as a part:How much liquid do you think this bottle contains?你认为这个瓶子里装有多少水你认为这个瓶子里装有多少水?Try to avoid foods which contain a lot of fat.尽量不要吃含有很多脂肪的食物。尽量不要吃含有很多脂肪的食物。注意比较注意比较:include：verb T to contain something as a part of something else,or to m

22、ake something part of something else:The bill includes tax and service.帐单包括税收和服务。帐单包括税收和服务。There are 30 students in our class,including me/me included.我们班上有我们班上有3030个学生个学生,包括我。包括我。length:noun(1)C or U the measurement of something from end to end or along its longest side:The boat is ten meters in le

23、ngth.这艘船长这艘船长1010米。米。(2)C a piece of something such as string or rope:a length of rope一段绳子一段绳子(3)C the amount of time something takes:the length of a film/speech/play一部电影一部电影/一篇讲话一篇讲话/一部戏剧的长短一部戏剧的长短keep sb.at arms length:to not allow someone to become too friendly with you:I always had the feeling s

24、he was keeping me at arms length.我一直感觉她避免我和她亲近。我一直感觉她避免我和她亲近。at length:(1)If something happens at length,it happens after a long period of time：note:verb T(1)to notice something:They noted the consumers growing demand for quicker service.他们注意到了消费者们对更快的服务的日益他们注意到了消费者们对更快的服务的日益增长的需求。增长的需求。I failed to

25、note that he had left.我没有注意到他已经走了。我没有注意到他已经走了。(2)importance,or when something deserves attention:noun U There was nothing of note in the latest report.最近的报道里没有什么值得注意的。最近的报道里没有什么值得注意的。noted adj.known by many people,especially because of particular qualities:Shes noted for her impatience(=She is not a

26、 patient person).她因为没有耐心而被众人熟知。她因为没有耐心而被众人熟知。It was not until that 这是一个这是一个not until结构的强调句型。结构的强调句型。强调句型的结构为：强调句型的结构为：It is/was+被强调部分被强调部分+thatHowever,it was not until World War II that two other scientists,“not.until”用于强调句型用于强调句型It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was

27、 a famous film star.直到他走得很远看不见，她才回来了。直到他走得很远看不见，她才回来了。It was not until he disappeared in the distance that she came back.直到她摘下墨镜我才知道她是一个著名的直到她摘下墨镜我才知道她是一个著名的影星。影星。注意注意“not.Until”句型的变化。比较下句型的变化。比较下列三个句子：列三个句子：She didnt remember her appointment with the doctor until she had arrived home.It was not unt

28、il she had arrived home that she remembered her appointment with the doctor.Not until she had arrived home did she remember her appointment with the doctor.quantity:n.C or U the amount or number of sth.,especially that can be measured or is fixed:Police found a large/small quantity of drugs in his p

29、ossession.We consumed vast quantities of food and drink that night.警察发现他拥有大量警察发现他拥有大量/少量的毒品。少量的毒品。那天晚上我们消费了大量的食物和饮料。那天晚上我们消费了大量的食物和饮料。表示表示“许多许多”的词或短语如下：的词或短语如下：(1)修饰可数名词的：修饰可数名词的：many,a great/good many,quite a few,a large/great number of/numbers of,many a(2)修饰不可数名词的：修饰不可数名词的：much,a great deal of,a l

30、arge amount of/large amounts of available:adj.able to be obtained,used,or reached:Is this dress available in a larger size?这件礼服有大点尺寸的吗？这件礼服有大点尺寸的吗？我们必须确保每个人都可以喝到新鲜的淡水。我们必须确保每个人都可以喝到新鲜的淡水。We must make sure that fresh drinking water is available to everyone.die:verb I dying,died,died to stop living or

31、 existing,either suddenly or slowly:die off：相继死去直至死光相继死去直至死光die for：为：为而死；渴望得到而死；渴望得到 The sound of his footsteps gradually diedaway.他的脚步声渐渐地消失了。他的脚步声渐渐地消失了。It was several minutes before the applause died down.几分钟后掌声才平息下来。几分钟后掌声才平息下来。Dinosaurs died out millions of years ago.恐龙是数百万年前灭绝的。恐龙是数百万年前灭绝的。It

32、s a custom which is beginning to die out.这是一个开始消失的风俗。这是一个开始消失的风俗。His parents died off within a year.他的父母在一年内相继去世。他的父母在一年内相继去世。I am dying for/to have a drink.我口渴得要命。我口渴得要命。relief:noun C or Ufood,money or services which provide help for people in need:Acupuncture anesthesia brought relief to the patie

33、nt.针刺麻醉免除了病人的疼痛。针刺麻醉免除了病人的疼痛。relieve verb(1)to provide relief for a bad situation or for people in need:They tried their best to relieve the people in flood-stricken areas.他们尽力救济水灾区的人民。他们尽力救济水灾区的人民。(2)to take the place of someone and continue doing their job or duties:Im on duty until 2 p.m.and then

34、 Peter is coming to relieve me.我值班到下午两点然后彼得会来换班。我值班到下午两点然后彼得会来换班。fundamental:adj.forming the base,from which everything else originates;more important than anything else:Its one of the fundamental differences between men and women.这是男人和女人最重要的区别之一。这是男人和女人最重要的区别之一。Some understanding of grammar is fund

35、amental to learning a language.对语法的一些理解对于学习语言是很根本的。对语法的一些理解对于学习语言是很根本的。fundamentally:adv.I disagree fundamentally(=in every way that is important)with what youre saying.我根本不同意你正在说的。我根本不同意你正在说的。1.What would the world be like if the two medicines had not been discovered?2.Do you believe that wonder drugs will be invented to treat diseases like AIDS in the future?DiscussionRetell the text.Homework