学业水平考试复习4-定语从句 .ppt

1、The Attributive Clause学业水平考试复习学业水平考试复习一、概念一、概念:在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子.(在句子中作在句子中作定语定语)(Attributive clause)Harry Porter is a boy who has magic power.先行词先行词 关系词关系词定语从句定语从句关系关系代词代词关系关系副词副词which,who,whom,whose,thatwhere,when，why先行词先行词在从句中充当的成分在从句中充当的成分who人主、宾、表whom人宾语which物主、宾that人或物主、宾、表whose人或

2、物定语（一）引导定语从句的关系代词（一）引导定语从句的关系代词3.只能用只能用that的情况的情况2)2)序数词序数词或或形容词最高级形容词最高级修饰先行词时修饰先行词时1)everything,something,nothing,all,anything,little,much等等不定代词不定代词作先行作先行词时词时3)先行词被先行词被few,little,no,some,every,all,any,much等修饰时。等修饰时。4)先行词被先行词被the only,the very,the same,the last修饰时。修饰时。6)主句已有主句已有who或或which时时Who is t

3、he girl that is standing under the tree?Which is the machine that we used last Sunday.5)当先行词同时指当先行词同时指人人和和物物时时7when,where,why关系副词关系副词先行词先行词在从句中的成分在从句中的成分when时间时间时间时间状语状语where 地点地点地点地点状语状语why 原因原因原因原因状语状语（二）引导定语从句的关系副词（二）引导定语从句的关系副词 1.This is the place where I was born.This is the place.I was born in

4、 this place 2.I remember the day when I first met him.I first met him on the day 3.Can you tell me the reason why you lied to me?You lied to me for the reason.关系副词关系副词When=on(in,during)whichwhere=on(in,in front of)whichWhy=for which（三）关系副词与介词（三）关系副词与介词+关系代词的替代关系代词的替代10when when可用可用in/on/at/during+wh

5、ich 代替代替1.I still remember the day.2.I first met him on the day.I still remember the day on which I first met him.whenwhich11where where可用in/on/at/to+which代替1.The dictionary is the only place.2.Success comes before work in the dictionary.The dictionary is the only place in which success comes before

6、 work.where which.12why why可用可用for+which 代替代替1.This is the reason.2.I was late for school for this reason.This is the reason for which I was late for school.whywhich.完成要点解读完成要点解读P105 1-5介词介词+which 介词介词+whom This is the school where we study.This is the school in which we study.This is the school whi

7、ch we study in.The man to whom I spoke just now is a scientist.1）当关系代词作介词宾语时我们用）当关系代词作介词宾语时我们用“介词介词+which/whom”来引导定语从句来引导定语从句 2）介词的选用）介词的选用完成完成A计划计划P6 6）如何运用介词）如何运用介词14关系关系代词代词和关系和关系副词副词的区别的区别关系关系代词代词在定语从句中在定语从句中作主、宾、定语作主、宾、定语关系关系副词副词在定语从句中在定语从句中作状语作状语如何选用定语从句的关系词如何选用定语从句的关系词 1.确定定语从句的先行词确定定语从句的先行词

8、2.把先行词带回到定语从句中去，看其把先行词带回到定语从句中去，看其在定语从句中做什么语法成分（主语，在定语从句中做什么语法成分（主语，宾语，定语或状语）宾语，定语或状语）3.若先行词在从句中做若先行词在从句中做主语、宾语或定主语、宾语或定语语则选择则选择关系代词关系代词，若在从句中做，若在从句中做状语状语，则选择则选择关系副词关系副词。Exercise:1.This is the factory _ we visited last year.2.This is the best factory _ we visited last year.3.Is this the factory _ yo

9、u worked last year?4.Is this factory _you visited last year?that/which/省略省略thatwherethe one(that)考点二：只用which不用that引导定语从句。They have three houses,which are built of stone.1.引导非限制性定语从句时,其先行词可是一个词,也可是整个主句或主句的某一部分。This is the city in which I was born.2.先行词是物，紧接在介词后面时先行词是物，紧接在介词后面时This is the city which/t

10、hat/省略省略 I was born in.Whats that which flashed in the sky?3.当先行词本身是当先行词本身是 that 时时考点三：只用who不用that引导定语从句。Anyone who breaks the rule should be punished.1.先行词是one,ones,anyone时 I will never forget those who helped me.2.先行词是先行词是those或者或者those修饰的人时修饰的人时 There is a man who wants to see you.3.there be 句型中，

11、先行词是人时句型中，先行词是人时I met a friend in the street,who just came back from Beijing.4.非限制性定语从句中先行词是人时非限制性定语从句中先行词是人时考点四：as的用法。He was late,as/which is often the case.1.直接引导非限制性定语从句:作用相当于which I have bought such a watch as was adertised on TV.It gave him such a shock that his face turned white.I never give s

12、tudents so difficult question as no one can work out.2.与与such/so 连用连用,引导定语从句引导定语从句such/so.as I have bought the same watch as you have.This is the same pen that I lost yesterday.3.当先行词被当先行词被the same修饰时，修饰时，the same.as表表示示同一类同一类人或物人或物;the same that 指指同一个同一个人或人或物物考点四：as的用法。As we all know,smoking is harmful to our health.Smoking is harmful to our health,which/as is known to us.4.as4.as引导非限制性定语从句位于句首，而引导非限制性定语从句位于句首，而whichwhich不可不可；5.5.as as 在从句中作主语时，后面常接系动词，若是实在从句中作主语时，后面常接系动词，若是实义动词则用义动词则用whichwhichHomework:A计划计划P7,8,9