高中英语语法专题复习课件-状语从句.ppt

1、一、状语从句的类型及连词一、状语从句的类型及连词从句从句类型类型常见连词常见连词补充补充时间时间状语状语从句从句when,as,while,whenever,after,before,till /until,as soon as,since,once,by the time,no sooner.than,hardly/scarcely.when,.every time,the moment,the minute,immediately也也可引导时间状可引导时间状语从句语从句从句类型从句类型常见连词常见连词补充补充地点状语地点状语从句从句where,wherever,anywhere,every

2、where,.原因状语原因状语从句从句because,since,as,for,now that,.seeing that,considering that,in that也可引导也可引导原因状语从句原因状语从句从句类型从句类型常见连词常见连词补充补充目的状语目的状语从句从句so that,in order that,.谓语动词前常带谓语动词前常带有情态动词；有情态动词；in case,for fear(that)也可引导目也可引导目的状语从句的状语从句结果状语结果状语从句从句so that,so.that,such.that,.从句类型从句类型常见连词常见连词补充补充条件状语条件状语从句从句

3、if,unless,so /as long as,only if,provided,.if 不能用不能用whether替换；替换；on condition that,suppose /supposing(that)也可引导条件状也可引导条件状语从句语从句从句类型从句类型常见连词常见连词补充补充让步状语让步状语从句从句although,though,even if /though,as.由疑问词由疑问词+ever构构成的复合词，成的复合词，“no matter+疑疑问词问词”以及以及whether.or也可也可引导让步状语从引导让步状语从句。句。从句类型从句类型常用连词常用连词补充补充方式状语方

4、式状语从句从句as,as if/though,.the way,rather than也可引导也可引导方式状语从句方式状语从句程度状语程度状语从句从句so(that),such that,as /so far as,as /so long as,.to the degree /extent(that)也也可引导程度状可引导程度状语从句语从句比较状语比较状语从句从句than,as 二、引导状语从句的单词或短语二、引导状语从句的单词或短语1.when1)when引导时间状语从句时，从句的动作引导时间状语从句时，从句的动作既可与主句的动作同时发生，也可先后既可与主句的动作同时发生，也可先后发生发生。

5、如：。如：When the family came here from Russia,they were penniless.When the meal was finished,Rachel washed up.2)when可以引导条件状语从句，意为可以引导条件状语从句，意为“如如果果”。如：。如：How can we explain it to you when you wont listen?2.while1)while引导时间状语从句时，从句的谓语引导时间状语从句时，从句的谓语必须是延续性动词（如必须是延续性动词（如work,stay,wait,live等）等）。如：。如：Please

6、 dont talk so loudly while others are working.2)while引导让步状语从句时，相当于引导让步状语从句时，相当于although/though。while和和although引导引导的让步状语从句不用倒装语序，的让步状语从句不用倒装语序，though引引导的让步状语从句可以倒装也可以不倒装导的让步状语从句可以倒装也可以不倒装。如：如：While /Although /Though I wasnt completely sure,I thought hed been drinking.Strange though it may seem,I like

7、 housework.3.until和和till1)until和和till都表示都表示“直到直到”，常可互换，但，常可互换，但till一般不用于句首，也不用于强调句中一般不用于句首，也不用于强调句中。2)until/till从句与肯定的主句连用时，主句从句与肯定的主句连用时，主句的谓语必须是延续性动词的谓语必须是延续性动词，表示主句的动，表示主句的动作一直持续到作一直持续到until/till所表示的时间为止。所表示的时间为止。如：如：Youll just have to wait until they call your name.Neil remained there till his b

8、rother arrived.3)until/till从句与否定的主句连用时，主从句与否定的主句连用时，主句的谓语是非延续性动词句的谓语是非延续性动词，表示表示“直直到到才才”，即主句的动作到，即主句的动作到until/till所表示的时间才开始。如：所表示的时间才开始。如：Leo didnt come until James had gone over his lesson.Once he starts a decorating job he wont stop until its finished.4)not until引导的从句位于句首时，主句引导的从句位于句首时，主句须部分倒装须部分倒

9、装。如：。如：Not until I began to work did I realise how much time I had wasted.5)not until结构可用于强调句中结构可用于强调句中。如：。如：It was not until she came to see us that we knew her mother was ill in bed.4.as1)as引导时间状语从句时，表示引导时间状语从句时，表示“当当时，随着时，随着”。如：。如：Just as the two men were leaving,a message arrived.2)as引导原因状语从句时，一

10、般放在句首，引导原因状语从句时，一般放在句首，表示十分明显的原因表示十分明显的原因。如：。如：As it is raining,we shall not go camping.3)as引导让步状语从句时，通常用倒装结引导让步状语从句时，通常用倒装结构构。具体情况如下：。具体情况如下：a.“形容词形容词+as+主语主语+系动词系动词”或或“副副词词+as+主语主语+实义动词实义动词”。如：。如：Poor as he was,he was honest.Much as I like it,I wont buy it.b.名词名词+as+主语主语+系动词（句首的名词前系动词（句首的名词前多不带冠词多

11、不带冠词）。如：）。如：Child as he is,he knows a lot.c.实义动词实义动词+as+主语主语+助动词（如果没有助动词（如果没有助动词，则要加上助动词，则要加上do,does或或did）。如：。如：Try as she would,Sue couldnt get the door open.4)as引导方式状语从句时，意为引导方式状语从句时，意为“如，像，如，像，按照按照”。如：。如：He did not need to keep moving house,as his father had.5)as引导比较状语从句时，常用于引导比较状语从句时，常用于as.as.和和

12、not so/as.as.结构中结构中。如：。如：They want peace as much as we do.I cant run as fast as I used to.5.no sooner.than和和hardly.when no sooner.than和和hardly.when意为意为“一一就就，刚，刚就就”。主。主句一般用过去完成时，从句用一般过去句一般用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。时。no sooner,hardly位于句首时，主句位于句首时，主句的主谓语要部分倒装。如：的主谓语要部分倒装。如：The words had no sooner been spoken tha

13、n he realised that he should have remained silent.I had hardly got home when it began to rain.No sooner had we got to the station than the train left.Hardly had we begun when we were told to stop.6.so.that和和such.that 二者均意为二者均意为“如此如此以致于以致于”，so后后面接形容词或副词，面接形容词或副词，such后面接名词后面接名词。名词前有名词前有many,much,few,l

14、ittle这些词这些词修饰时，要用修饰时，要用so。“such+a(n)+adj.+单数可数名词单数可数名词+that”可转换成可转换成“so+adj.+a(n)+单数可数名词单数可数名词+that”。如：。如：There are so many good books in that bookstore that I can hardly know what to buy.It is such a big job/so big a job that well have to be very careful.7.“疑问词疑问词+ever”构成的复合词构成的复合词与与“no matter+疑问词疑

15、问词”“疑问词疑问词+ever”构成的构成的复合词可以复合词可以引导让步状语从句，在口语中引导让步状语从句，在口语中可用可用“no matter+疑问词疑问词”代替代替。如：。如：Were determined to have a wonderful holiday,however much/no matter how much it costs.Whatever/No matter what you do,dont press that button!在含状语从句的复合句中，主、从句通常在含状语从句的复合句中，主、从句通常根据实际时间关系来确定动词的时态，但根据实际时间关系来确定动词的时态，

16、但有一点需要注意：有一点需要注意：在时间状语从句、条件在时间状语从句、条件状语从句或由状语从句或由“疑问词疑问词-ever”、“no matter+疑问词疑问词”等引导的让步状语从句等引导的让步状语从句中，可以用一般现在时表将来中，可以用一般现在时表将来。下面就状。下面就状语从句考点进行归纳总结。语从句考点进行归纳总结。一、时间状语从句一、时间状语从句【考例】【考例】It was the middle of the night _ my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game.(江西江西2014)A.that B.as

17、C.which D.when D 二、地点状语从句二、地点状语从句where在地点状语从句中，除了指地点外，在地点状语从句中，除了指地点外，还可指处境还可指处境等。等。由由where引导的地点状语从句与定语从句引导的地点状语从句与定语从句的区别：的区别：where引导定语从句时，从句前引导定语从句时，从句前应有一个表示（抽象）地点或处所的名词应有一个表示（抽象）地点或处所的名词作先行词，而状语从句前没有先行词。作先行词，而状语从句前没有先行词。1._ he once felt like giving up,he now has the determination to push further

18、 and keep on going.(2015安徽安徽)A.Where B.As C.In case D.Now that 句意：在他曾经想要放弃的地方，他现在句意：在他曾经想要放弃的地方，他现在下定决心去争取进步继续前行。下定决心去争取进步继续前行。A.那里；那里；B.尽管，当，因为，随着尽管，当，因为，随着;C.以防；以防；D.既然。既然。where表示地点，引导地点状语从句表示地点，引导地点状语从句；as引引导让步状语从句常用倒装，即导让步状语从句常用倒装，即tried as he has;in case表目的；表目的；now that表原因。这里表原因。这里指让他感到想放弃的地方，故

19、选指让他感到想放弃的地方，故选A。A 2.Half an hour later,Lucy still couldnt get a taxi _ the bus had dropped her.(2014重庆重庆)A.until B.when C.although D.whereD 三、原因状语从句三、原因状语从句 引导原因状语从句的常用连词有引导原因状语从句的常用连词有because,since,as,now(that)等等。它们的用法区别。它们的用法区别是：是：because语气最强，述说直接原因，语气最强，述说直接原因，说明因果关系，常回答以说明因果关系，常回答以why开头的问句；开头的问

20、句；since,as和和now(that)引导的从句用法相引导的从句用法相似，表示双方都知道的原因。似，表示双方都知道的原因。四、让步状语从句四、让步状语从句【考例】【考例】_ the forest park is far away,a lot of tourists visit it every year.(北京北京2014)A.As B.When C.Even though D.In caseC 五、目的状语从句五、目的状语从句【考例】【考例】Cathy had quit her job when her son was born _ she could stay home and rai

21、se her family.(浙江浙江2014)A.now that B.as if C.only if D.so thatD 六、结果状语从句六、结果状语从句 so.that和和such.that表示表示“如此如此以致于以致于”,so后面接形容词或副词，后面接形容词或副词，such后面接名词后面接名词。但名词前有。但名词前有many,much,few,little这些词修饰时这些词修饰时,要用要用so。“such+a(n)+adj.+单数名词单数名词+that”可可转换成转换成“so+adj.+a(n)+单数名词单数名词+that”。七、条件状语从句七、条件状语从句【考例】【考例】You w

22、ill never gain success _ you are fully devoted to your work.(湖南湖南2014)A.when B.because C.after D.unlessD 八、方式状语从句八、方式状语从句 引导方式状语从句的常用连词有引导方式状语从句的常用连词有as,as if/though。as if/though引导的状语从句引导的状语从句的谓语动词常用虚拟语气，表示与事实的谓语动词常用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反的假设。如果从句所表达的内容被相反的假设。如果从句所表达的内容被看作是事实或者有可能是事实时，就要看作是事实或者有可能是事实时，就要用陈述语气。

23、用陈述语气。九、比较状语从句九、比较状语从句 含含as.as.的比较状语从句用在同级的比较状语从句用在同级比较中比较中,若表否定用若表否定用not so/as.as.。其中第一个其中第一个so/as是副词是副词,修饰主句的修饰主句的形容词或副词的原形，后一个形容词或副词的原形，后一个as是连是连词词,引导比较状语从句。引导比较状语从句。I.选用括号内合适的内容填空。选用括号内合适的内容填空。I really enjoy listening to music _(because,unless)it helps me relax and takes my mind away from other

24、cares of the day.（北京（北京2016）2._(Since,While)online shopping has changed our life,not all of its effects have been positive.（浙江（浙江2016）becauseWhile3.My grandfather still plays tennis now and then,_(as long as,even though)hes in his nineties.（北京（北京2016）4._(Once,Although)the damage is done,it will take

25、 many years for the farmland to recover.（北京（北京2015）5.It was the middle of the night _(that,when)my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game.（江西（江西2014）even thoughOncewhen6.The meaning of the word“nice”changed a few times _(before,after)it finally came to include the sense“pleasant”.（

26、安徽（安徽2014）7.Half an hour later,Lucy still couldnt get a taxi _(when,where)the bus had dropped her.（重庆（重庆2014）8.Cathy had quit her job when her son was born _(now that,so that)she could stay home and raise her family.（浙江（浙江2014）beforewhereso that9.You will never gain success _(when,unless)you are ful

27、ly devoted to your work.（湖南（湖南2014）10.Lessons can be learned to face the future,_(though,as)history cannot be changed.（江苏（江苏2014）unlessthough.选择填空。选择填空。1.You wont find paper cutting difficult _ you keep practicing it.(2015北京）北京）A.even if B.as long as C.as if D.ever since 句意：只要你不断练习，你就不会觉得剪句意：只要你不断练习

28、，你就不会觉得剪纸很难。纸很难。A即使，虽然；即使，虽然；B只要；只要；C犹如，犹如，好像；好像；D自从自从。结合句意，故选。结合句意，故选B。B2.We need to get to the root of the problem _ we can solve it.(2015天津天津)A.whileB.after C.beforeD.as 句意：在我们解决问题前，我们需要找句意：在我们解决问题前，我们需要找到问题的根源。到问题的根源。A当当时候，而；时候，而；B.在在之后；之后；C在在之前；之前；D正如正如。由。由句意可知选句意可知选C。C 3._ scientists have lear

29、ned a lot about the universe,there is much we still dont know.(2015安徽安徽)A.Once B.Since C.Though D.Unless 句意：尽管科学家对宇宙已经了解了许多，句意：尽管科学家对宇宙已经了解了许多，但是有许多我们仍然不能知晓的东西。但是有许多我们仍然不能知晓的东西。A一旦；一旦；B既然，自从；既然，自从；C虽然；虽然；D除非除非。once和和unless表示条件，表示条件，since表示原因或表示原因或时间；时间；though表示让步或表示让步或 转折。这里是转折。这里是转折含义，故选转折含义，故选C。C

30、4._ the job takes a significant amount of time.most students agree that the experience is worth it.(2015湖南湖南)A.If only B.After C.AlthoughD.In case A.If only要是要是该多好啊该多好啊(if only常常用常常用来表达强烈的愿望或遗憾，因此，主要用来表达强烈的愿望或遗憾，因此，主要用在虚拟语气中，用以表达强烈的愿望或非在虚拟语气中，用以表达强烈的愿望或非真实条件。常被译为真实条件。常被译为“但愿但愿”、“要要是是该多好啊该多好啊”等等)C B.

31、After在在之后之后(用作连词是词，它引导用作连词是词，它引导的时间状语从句如果具有将来意义，往往要的时间状语从句如果具有将来意义，往往要用一般现在时来表示用一般现在时来表示(有时也用现在完成时有时也用现在完成时)，而不能直接用一般将来时而不能直接用一般将来时)C.Although虽然虽然(表示表示“虽然虽然”时，不要根据汉语习惯，在时，不要根据汉语习惯，在后面使用连词后面使用连词 but,不过有时它可与不过有时它可与 yet,still,nevertheless 等副词连用等副词连用)D.In case万一，假万一，假使使(引导条件状语从句引导条件状语从句)；句意：虽然那个工；句意：虽然那

32、个工作要花大量的时间，但是许多学生都觉得这作要花大量的时间，但是许多学生都觉得这种经历是值得的。故选种经历是值得的。故选C。5.There is only one more day to go _ your favorite music group play live.(2015四川四川)A.since B.until C.when D.before 选项选项A.意为自从；选项意为自从；选项B.意为直到；选项意为直到；选项C.意为当意为当时；选项时；选项D.意为在意为在之前之前。根据句意选择根据句意选择D。句意：就剩一天时间，。句意：就剩一天时间，你最喜欢的乐队将会来现场表演。你最喜欢的乐队将

33、会来现场表演。D I.选用括号内合适的内容填空。选用括号内合适的内容填空。1.I have heard a lot of stories about you _(since,until)I came back from the city.2.You cant travel on this train _(unless,if)you have a reservation.3._(Whatever,Whenever)I have to give a lecture,I get extremely nervous before I start.sinceunlessWhenever4.The ice

34、 was _(so,as)thick that there was no danger of the skaters falling through.5.They were playing in the garden _(when,while)they heard a scream.6.I will show you how to prepare this dish _(if,so)you can prepare it for your family.7.He has _(such,so)high marks that he has applied for a scholarship.sowh

35、ensosuch8.The woman walked out of the room _(before,until)I had a chance to explain.9.Much _(as,while)I like the snow,it is good to get back to some warm weather.10.Charles needs to learn French _(since,although)his company is opening a branch in Paris.beforeassince11.My sister stayed at work late _

36、(in that,so that)she could complete the report.12._(As soon as,As long as)she entered the room,she knew there was something wrong.so thatAs soon asII.选用合适的短语填空。选用合适的短语填空。in order that,as though,now that,in case,as long as,even if1._ we keep playing well,well keep winning games.2.She stared at me _ I

37、 were a complete stranger.3._ the kids have left home weve got a lot of extra space.As long asas thoughNow thatin order that,as though,now that,in case,as long as,even if4.Shes going to have problems finding a job _ she gets her A levels.5.The man wore glasses and a false beard _ nobody would recogn

38、ize him.6.All the soldiers had to take their masks with them _ there was a gas attack.even ifin order thatin caseIII.用适当的连词填空。用适当的连词填空。1._ the bathroom window broke I was having a shower.2.I had no sooner got to work _ my boss called me up to his office.3.It all happened so quickly _ I never got a g

39、ood look at his face.4.Scott joined the army soon after his 18th birthday,just _ his brother did.Whenthanthatas5.You need to think twice _ you make a decision.6.The shopkeeper says that shell have to close the shop _ business improves.beforeunlessIV.根据括号内的汉语提示补全下面句子。根据括号内的汉语提示补全下面句子。1._ _ _ _(随着年随着年

40、龄的增长龄的增长),you will grow wiser.2.He will never pass the examination _ _ _ _(除非他除非他努力学习努力学习).3._ _ _(无论她到哪儿无论她到哪儿),there are crowds of people waiting to see her.As you grow olderunless he studies hardWherever she goes4.He has _ _ _ _/_ _ _ _(如此如此有趣的发型有趣的发型)that he gets a lot of attention while walking

41、 in the street.5.She leaves her bedroom window open,_ _ _ _(无论天无论天气多么冷气多么冷).such an interesting hairstylehowever cold it isso interesting a hairstyleV.选用合适的内容完成对话。选用合适的内容完成对话。because,when,so that,as soon as,althoughOmar:Im sorry Im not here to take your call.Please leave a message after the tone and

42、 Ill call you 1._ I get home.Martha:Hello,Omar,its Martha.Im afraid I have to cancel our meeting tomorrow.My fathers just phoned to say my mothers been taken ill.2._ it sounds quite serious,Ill have to take time off to go and see her.as soon asBecausebecause,when,so that,as soon as,although3._ I may

43、 be away for a few days,I have my laptop with me while Im there 4._ I can do some work.5._ you get the chance,give me a ring and well sort out another time to meet.Bye for now.Althoughso thatWhenVI.选用括号内合适的内容完成下面短文。选用括号内合适的内容完成下面短文。Many people have come to America for freedom.But Africans lost their

44、 freedom and were brought to America against their will to work in the fields.Africans were taken from their homes and put on slave ships to cross the Atlantic.1._(As,When)conditions were hard,many died along the way.2._(Because,Although)they worked hard from morning till night,AsAlthoughthey receiv

45、ed no money.In fact,they were often beaten 3._(if,unless)they didnt obey.They were forced to work hard 4._(so that,now that)white plantation owners could become rich.5._(Because,Though)many people in the North were against slavery,slavery continued in the South 6._(since,if)Southern slave owners did

46、 not want to give up their cheap labor supply.ifso thatThoughsince7._(Even though,As though)the law prohibited the importation of slaves,slavery continued to increase.Difficult 8._(although,as)living under slavery was,slaves formed strong communities.They tried to keep their African cultural practic

47、es,which included music and dance.9._(Because,When)people from the same regions in Africa were separated from each other,they lost their native languages and were given biblical names rather than African names.Even thoughasBecauseMost of the African Americans in the North were free.However,they didn

48、t have an easy life.10._(Unless,Until)the slaves were finally freed in 1865,they still faced many difficulties.In spite of the fact that the majority of Africans by that time were born in America,they suffered discrimination because of the color of their skin.UntilCongress passed a law prohibiting discrimination in jobs and education in 1965.11._(Unless,Although)there has been progress toward equality for all,there are still many inequalities in American life.Although