高中英语构词法课件-3.ppt

1、 为什么要学习构词法？它又包括哪为什么要学习构词法？它又包括哪些呢？些呢？1.disclose ones secret2.Microblog3.Its all floating cloud.4.envious,jealous and hateful.猜猜看猜猜看最时髦的网络流行语之最时髦的网络流行语之派生法派生法神马都是浮云神马都是浮云微博微博 吐槽吐槽 羡慕嫉妒恨羡慕嫉妒恨 5.time-travel TV drama6.group purchasing7.daddy-is-the-key 8.leftover ladies 猜猜看猜猜看最时髦的网络流行语之最时髦的网络流行语之合成法合成法拼

2、爹拼爹 穿越剧穿越剧 团购团购 剩女剩女 把两个或两个以上把两个或两个以上的词合成一个新的词合成一个新词词,这种构词的方这种构词的方法叫做合成法法叫做合成法 1.直接写在一起。直接写在一起。2.用连字符用连字符(-)连接。连接。猜猜看猜猜看最时髦的网络流行语之最时髦的网络流行语之转化法转化法9.被雷倒被雷倒(到到)了了 in shock/shock sb10.淡定淡定 keep calm/calm down转化法：不添加任何成分转化法：不添加任何成分,不改变不改变词形词形,把一个词由一种词类转用为把一个词由一种词类转用为另一种词类的方法叫转化法。另一种词类的方法叫转化法。构词法构词法构词法：合

3、成合成(Compounding)派生法派生法（Derivation）【前缀/后缀】转化法转化法（Conversion）【词性转换】合成（compounding）合成法合成法：合成名词合成名词合成形容词合成形容词构词方式例词blood-test验血，验血，she-wolf母狼母狼handwriting,machine-building机械制机械制造造freeway,shorthand速记速记freezing-point,reading roomwashroom,pickpocket扒手扒手breakthrough突破，突破，get-together聚会聚会outbreak爆发，爆发，downfa

4、ll垮台垮台名词/代词+名词名词+动名词形容词+名词动名词+名词动词+名词动词+副词副词+动词构成方式例词noble-minded,three-leggedgood-looking,fine-sounding动听的动听的high-class高级的，高级的，large-scale大规模的大规模的duty-free免税的，免税的，airsick晕机的晕机的形容词/数词+名词+ed形容词+现在分词形容词+名词名词+形容词peace-loving,English-speakingman-made,snow-coveredhard-working,far-reaching深远的深远的well-known

5、,widespread广泛流传的广泛流传的four-day四天的四天的,five-year名词+现在分词名词+过去分词副词+现在分词副词+过去分词数词+名词派生法（派生法（DerivationDerivation）-词缀词缀法法1.1.前缀前缀prefixes:prefixes:Pre-pre-reading,preview,precautionRe-rewrite,reconsider,reuse（前）（前）(重新重新)dis-（不不）disagree,dislike,disappearm i s u n d e r s t a n d,misleadmis（错误或失当错误或失当）minis

6、kirt,minibussupermarket,supermansuper-（超级）（超级）mini-（微小）（微小）in/im-（不）（不）incorrect impossibleforetell,forecastpost(之后之后)postwar,post-readingfore-(前，预先前，预先)semicircle,semi-finalsemi-(半，部分半，部分)antiwar,antibody(抗体抗体)anti-(阻止，抗阻止，抗)underground,underlineunder-（在（在下，下，在在中）中）后缀是加在词根或单词后面的部分。后缀分为四种：1）名词后缀；）名词

7、后缀；2）形容词后缀；）形容词后缀；3）动词后缀；）动词后缀；4）副词后缀）副词后缀名词后缀有许多种，下面略举数种为例：表人，物，抽象名词等 -er worker(工人)-ist artist(艺术家)-or tractor(拖拉机)-hood childhood(童年)-ship friendship(友谊)表示一种事物具有或属于某种性质或状态，表意义“是的”，“似的”-ic atomic(原子的)-ous famous(著名的)-ful powerful(强有力的)-y hilly(多山的)表示“使成为”，“致使”，“做”，“化”，“变成”等，如：-fy glorify(使光荣)-ize

8、modernize(现代化)-en lengthen(延长)-ate discriminate(区分)表示方式、方向、性质、状态等，如：-wise clockwise(顺时针方向的)-ways crossways(交叉地)-wards southwards(向南)-ly happily(幸福地)转化法（Conversion）tasten.味道v.尝起来It has a good taste.It tastes very good.record n.记录记录v.记录记录He broke the record.He records something while reading a book.co

9、rrectcorrectionincorrectindependentdependdependabledisable disabilityimpossiblepossiblepossibilitywrongmistakenmistakemisunderstandunderstandundergraduategraduategraduationn.反义反义独立的独立的词根词根adj.残疾的残疾的n.不可能的不可能的n.反义反义n.误解误解词根词根大学生大学生词根词根n.近义近义反义反义Words Building 一、请找出下列句中的合成词一、请找出下列句中的合成词,指出其指出其意义。意义。1.

10、This fully updated book features the latest information about study opportunities.updated最新的最新的 即时练习即时练习2.It is said that a short-tempered man in the Song Dynasty(960-1279)was very anxious to help his rice crop grow up quickly.short-tempered 急脾气的急脾气的3.He is said to be“undersized,”with“short legs”and

11、 a“round stomach”.undersized个子小的个子小的 4.Yet,shopkeepers may have to spend extra hours to deal with problems,such as shoplifters,who always take away things from the shop without paying for them.What does the word“shoplifter”mean?A thief B.A guide in a shop C.the owner of a shop D.A porter(搬运工)shop+li

12、fter shoplifter lifter n.小偷小偷二、请使用二、请使用able的正确形式填空。的正确形式填空。1.Computers _ people to get more information more quickly.2.He is _ to discriminate colors.He is color-blind.3.Her lack of experience is a severe_.enable unabledisability4.An accident _ him from playing football.5.Deaf people and dumb people

13、 are _.6.I shall be _ to manage without help.disableddisabledable/unable三、请使用三、请使用like的正确形式填空。的正确形式填空。1.I have taken a strong _ of him.2.She is not _ to come next month.3.Great minds think_.4.How do you _ this book?5.It was very _ that he would do that.dislike/like likelyalikelikeunlikely/likely6.I _ being disturbed.7.Everyone has his _ and_.8.Like father,_ son.9._ the rest of her family,she is outgoing and easy to get along with.dislikedislikeslikeslikeUnlike/Like