高中英语会考复习代词课件.ppt

1、1、人称代词的替代和转换、人称代词的替代和转换;2、物主代词的性；、物主代词的性；3、else 的用法；的用法；4、不定代词的用法比较、不定代词的用法比较;5、it 的用法；的用法；考点分析Find the personal pronouns1.I am blind and he is my eyes.2.He then described Johns room to them.3.John tells us what happened next.4.I wet some towels and put them along the bottom of the door.IheHethemusI

2、them人称代词人称代词 单数单数 复数复数 主格主格 宾格宾格主格主格宾格宾格第一人称第一人称Imeweus第二人称第二人称youyouyouyou第三人称第三人称hesheithimherit theythem注意事项注意事项 1.在与其他人称共同做主语时，通常要把在与其他人称共同做主语时，通常要把I 放在后面：放在后面：My friend and I will go fishing tomorrow.2.it 除了指动植物除了指动植物“它它”和非生命和非生命“它它”以以外，还可以表示天气、时间、距离、外，还可以表示天气、时间、距离、“人人”等。等。物主代词列表物主代词列表数数人称人称形容

3、词性形容词性物主代词物主代词名词性名词性物主代词物主代词单数单数第一人称第一人称mymine第二人称第二人称youryours 第三人称第三人称 hishisherhersitsits复数复数第一人称第一人称ourours第二人称第二人称youryours第三人称第三人称theirtheirs物主代词的用法物主代词的用法 My shirt is on the bed,and yours is on the chair.This is not my book.Its his.形容词性物主代词形容词性物主代词:后接名词，用做定语。后接名词，用做定语。名词性物主代词名词性物主代词:后不可再接名词，单

4、独使用，后不可再接名词，单独使用，可用做主语、表语和宾语。可用做主语、表语和宾语。人称代词和物主代词人称代词和物主代词 人称代词人称代词单数单数复数复数第一第一人称人称第二第二人称人称第三人称第三人称第一第一人称人称第二第二人称人称第三第三人称人称主格主格Iyouhe/she/itweyouthey宾格宾格meyouhim/her/itusyouthem形容词性形容词性物主代词物主代词myyourhis/her/itsouryourtheir名词性物名词性物主代词主代词mineyourshis/hers/itsoursyourstheirsOneselfOneselfI-myself you-

5、yourselfhe-himself she-herselfit-itself we-ourselves you-yourselvesthey-themselves Useful expressions1.by oneself 2.enjoy oneself 3.help oneself to 4.dress oneself 5.say to oneself 6.teach oneself单独地单独地,独自地独自地玩得愉快玩得愉快自用自用 .,.,请随意吃请随意吃 .自己穿衣服自己穿衣服自言自语自言自语自学自学1.人称代词的指代问题人称代词的指代问题：It was _ who did it,b

6、ut it was _ that we are talking about.A.he she B.him her C.him she D.he her 人称代词的主格在句子中作主语或表语，例如：John waited a while but eventually he went home.约翰等了一会儿，最后他回家了。人称代词的宾格在句子中作宾语或介词宾语，但在口语中也能作表语，第一人称在省略句中，还可以作主语，例如：I saw her with them,at least,I thought it was her.问题中前后两个分句都是强调句，前面的代词作 did it 的主语，而后面的代词

7、作 talking about 的宾语。D在使用人称代词时，要注意其人称、数和格的一致。如：Jim and I saw the man passing by.Between you and me,he stole a lot of money from somewhere.(私下跟你说吧，不知他从哪里偷了一大笔钱呢。)He asked three of us,John,Joan and me,to have dinner with him.Meat and fish are more expensive than they used to be.不定代词 anybody，everybody，n

8、obody，anyone，someone，everyone，no one，及 whoever 和 person 在正 式场合使用时，可用 he,his,him 代替。Nobody came,did he?谁也没来，是吗?2.人称代词之主、宾格的替换人称代词之主、宾格的替换 Susan,go and join your sister cleaning the yard.Why?John is sitting there doing nothing.AhimBheCI Dme 在简短对话中，当人称代词单独使用或在 not 后，多用宾格。-I like English.-我喜欢英语。-Me too.

9、-我也喜欢。-Have more wine?-再来点酒喝吗?-Not me.-我可不要了。D -May I speak to John?-This is _ speaking.A.heB.hisC.himD.himselfa.在介词在介词 but，except 后，有时可用主格代替宾格。后，有时可用主格代替宾格。All but _ to the concert tomorrow.A.he and I am going B.he and I are going C.he and me are goingD.his and me am going b.在电话用语中常用主格。在电话用语中常用主格。-

10、I wish to speak to Mary.-我想和玛丽通话。-This is she.-我就是玛丽。AB3.物主代词的性物主代词的性问题问题4：-Is this camera like Bills and Anns?-No,but its almost the same as _.A.her B.yours C.them D.theirB解析：解析：形容词性的物主代词修饰名词，不能独用;名词性的物主代词在用法上相当于省略了中心名词的-s所有格结构，例如：That is my book.That book is mine.Theirs is a very large university.

11、另外，在动名词前常加上形容词性的物主代词构成动名词的复合结构。如：Would you mind my opening the window?反身代词通常作宾语、表语和同位语。反身代词通常作宾语、表语和同位语。a.作宾语：有些动词需有反身代词 absent,bathe,amuse,blame,dry,cut,enjoy,hurt,introduce,behave,help,dress,keep,We enjoyed ourselves very much last night.Please help yourself to some fish.b.作表语；be oneself:I am not

12、myself today.我今天不舒服。c.作同位语 The thing itself is not important.事情本身并不重要。4.反身代词反身代词 1.Mr.More has more money than Mr.Little.But he doesnt enjoy _.A.he B.him C.his D.himself 2.Lily was 9 years old._ was old enough to go to school _.A.She,she B.She,herself C.Her,herself D.Her.she 3.Jims watch is much new

13、er than _.A.hers B.she C.her D.herself D BA常用不定代词有？some（something，somebody，someone），any（anything，anybody，anyone），no（nothing，nobody，no one），every（everything，everybody，everyone），all，each，both，much，many，（a）little，（a）few，other（s），another，none，one，either，neither等。一般来讲，修饰不定代词的词要置于其后。不定代词，即不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的

14、代词。some,any,all,both,none,either,neither,each,every,均为不定代词。说明：说明：some “一些”，一般用于肯定句中。1)可与复数名词及不可数名词连用。2)当做“某一”解时，也可与单数名词连用。(=a certain)You will be sorry for this some day.A certain(some)person has seen you break the rule.注意注意：some 用于其他句式中用于其他句式中:a.肯定疑问句中：说话人认为对方的答案会是肯定的，或期望得到肯定回答时。Would you like句式中，表

15、委婉请求或建议，如：Would you like some coffee?b.在条件状语从句中表示确定的意义时，如：If you need some help，let me know.c.some 位于主语部分,Some students havent been there before.d.当否定的是整体中的部分时，some可用于否定句。如：I havent heard from some of my old friends these years.这些年我没有收到一些老朋友的信 any “一些”，多用于否定句和疑问句和条件句中。当表示“任何一个”的意思时，any 可用于肯定句。Here a

16、re three novels.You may read any.这有三本小说，你可任读一本。A、some/any问题问题1 Theres_ cooking oil left in the house.Would you go to the corner store and get_?A.little;someB.little;any C.a little;someD.a little;any问题问题2 I asked him for some oil,but he hadnt _.A.any B.some C.no D.anythingAA问题问题3：We havent enough boo

17、ks for ;some of you will have to share.Asomebody Banybody Ceverybody Dnobody C：some,any,every 所构成的合成不定代词不能与 of 连用，只有分开才可接 of 短语。如：some one of us;every one of them 但要注意：none of them(no one 后不接 of 短语)one、that 和和 it one 表示泛指，表示泛指，that 和和 it 表示特指。表示特指。that与所指名词为与所指名词为同类，但不是同一个，而同类，但不是同一个，而 it 与所指名词为同一个。

18、与所指名词为同一个。I cant find my hat.I think I must buy one.(不定)The hat you bought is bigger than that I bought.(同类但不同个)I cant find my hat.I don t know where I put it.(同一物)我找不到我的帽子了。我想我该去买一顶。我找不到我的帽子了。我想我该去买一顶。你买的那顶帽子比我买的大。我找不到我的帽子。我不知道我把它放在哪了我找不到我的帽子。我不知道我把它放在哪了 说明：说明：one the other只有两个只有两个one another，anoth

19、er一个另一个一个另一个,另一个另一个 some others，othersothers=other people/thingsthe others=the rest剩余的全部剩余的全部1)泛指另一个用泛指另一个用another。2)一定范围内两人一定范围内两人(物物)，一个用，一个用 one，另一个用，另一个用 the other。3)一定范围内三者，一个用一定范围内三者，一个用 one，另一个用，另一个用one(another)，第三个可用第三个可用the other，a third。4)一定范围内，除去一部分人一定范围内，除去一部分人/物，剩余的全部用物，剩余的全部用the others

20、。5)除去已有的，表示除去已有的，表示“还有多少还有多少”，一般有三个结构：，一般有三个结构：another+数量数量+名词；名词；数量数量+other+名词；名词；数量数量+more+名词。名词。B、one，that 和和 it I was disappointed with the film.I had expected _ to be much better.A.that B.this C.one D.it The Parkers bought a new house but _ will need a lot of work before they can move in.A.they

21、B.itC.oneD.whichDBC、another/other/the other/others/the othersYoung people may grow quickly in some ways（在某些方面；在某种程度上）and more slowly in _.A.the other B.some other C.othersD.these others One of the sides of the board should be painted yellow,and _.A.the other is whiteB.another white C.the other white

22、D.another is whiteCC1.anyone 和和 any one 2.anyone 仅指人仅指人,不与不与 of 连用；连用；any one 既可指人既可指人,也可指物。也可指物。2.no one 和和 nonea)none 后跟后跟 of 短语，既可指人又可指物，而短语，既可指人又可指物，而 no one 只单独只单独使用，只指人。使用，只指人。b)none 作主语，谓语动词用单，复数均可，而作主语，谓语动词用单，复数均可，而 no one 作主作主语，谓语动词只能是单数。语，谓语动词只能是单数。None of you could lift it.你们中没有人可举起它。你们中没

23、有人可举起它。-Did any one call me up just now?-No one.3.none 和和 nothing none 只指量，指所指的一类人或物中一个都没有；只指量，指所指的一类人或物中一个都没有；nothing 泛指，什么东西都不存在。后面不接泛指，什么东西都不存在。后面不接 of 短语。如：短语。如：-Are there any eggs in the fridge?-None.In fact,there is nothing in the fridge.D、anyone/any one；no one/none；nothing Playing tricks on o

24、thers is _ we should never do.（2013湖南）A.anything B.something C.everything D.nothing We havent enough books for ;some of you will have to share.（2014全国卷1）Asomebody Banybody Ceverybody Dnobody She doesnt know anyone here.She has got_to talk to.（2013广东）A.anyone B.someone C.everyone D.no oneBCD somethin

25、g（一些事）与anything（任何事）的区别是：anything带有否定/疑问的意思。比如：Would you like anything to eat?everything（所有事），比如：Everything is ready.nothing（什么事都没有）anything 1)任何事情/东西，可以用在肯定句/否定句/疑问句中。如:You can take anything you like.Do you have anything to say?There is not anything you like here.2)something 的疑问/否定形式。如：-Is there an

26、ything in the box？-No nothing.He has not anything to do today.everything 所有的事情东西，如：Everything here is all right.另外：not anything=nothing;而 not everything 并非不是所有的东西事情 everything 是单数而不是复数。同类的还有是单数而不是复数。同类的还有everybody everyone 等。等。说明：说明：1)every 强调全体的概念，each强调个体概念。Every student in our school works hard.E

27、ach student may have one book.2)every 指三个以上的人或物(含三个)，each指两个以上的人或物(含两个)3)every 只作形容词，不可单独使用。只作形容词，不可单独使用。each可作代词或形可作代词或形 容词。容词。Every student has to take one.Each boy has to take one.Each of the boys has to take one.4)every不可以作状语，不可以作状语，each可作状语。可作状语。We each have a glass to drink water with.5)every

28、有反复重复的意思，如有反复重复的意思，如 every two weeks等；等；each 没有。没有。6)every 与与not 连用，表示部分否定；连用，表示部分否定；each 和和not连用表连用表 示全部否定示全部否定。Every man is not honest.并非每个人都诚实。并非每个人都诚实。Each man is not honest.这儿每个人都不诚实这儿每个人都不诚实 英语中每隔英语中每隔的表达方法的表达方法 1.every基数词基数词(大于或等于大于或等于2)复数名词复数名词 意思是每意思是每例如：例如：There are buses to the station ev

29、ery ten minutes.每十分钟每隔九分钟就有公共汽车去火车站每十分钟每隔九分钟就有公共汽车去火车站.We hand in our homework every three days.我们每三天每隔两天交一次作业我们每三天每隔两天交一次作业 2.every序数词序数词(大于或等于大于或等于2)单数名词意思是每单数名词意思是每例如：例如：The Olympic Games are held every fourth year.奥林匹克运动会每四年每隔三年举办一次奥林匹克运动会每四年每隔三年举办一次 3.every other 基数词基数词(大于或等于大于或等于2)复数名词复数名词 意思是

30、每隔意思是每隔例如：例如：I have to work out every other two days.我每隔两天就要作一次运动我每隔两天就要作一次运动 I had to sit down and rest every other four minutes.我每隔我每隔4分钟就得坐下休息分钟就得坐下休息 4.every other 零基数词零基数词(等于等于1)单数名词单数名词 意思是每隔一意思是每隔一例如：例如：Take this medicine every other day.这药每两天每隔一天服一次这药每两天每隔一天服一次 Please write down these new wo

31、rds on every other line.请把这些生词隔行写下来请把这些生词隔行写下来 5.every few 复数名词复数名词 意思是每隔几意思是每隔几 例如：例如：He came to see me every few days.他每隔几天来看我一次他每隔几天来看我一次 E、every 和和each _ he goes out for some food.A.Every a few daysB.Every few daysC.Each few daysD.Every several daysB 1）both(两者都两者都)，either(两者中任何一个两者中任何一个)，neither

32、(两者两者都不都不)。以上词使用范围为两个人或物。以上词使用范围为两个人或物。Neither of the two boys is clever.两个男孩都不聪明。两个男孩都不聪明。注意注意 both，either 的用法区别：的用法区别：both与复数连用，与复数连用，either与单数连用。与单数连用。Both the boys are clever.Either of the two boys is clever.There are flowers on both sides of the street.There are flowers on either side of the st

33、reet.2）all(所有的，全部的人或物所有的，全部的人或物)，any(任何一个任何一个)，none (都不都不)。以上词使用范围为三者以上。以上词使用范围为三者以上。All the flowers are gone.所有的花都谢了。所有的花都谢了。I dont like any of the flowers.这些花我都不喜欢。这些花我都不喜欢。I like none of the flowers.这些花我都不喜欢。这些花我都不喜欢。注意注意：all 与与 none 用法一样。跟单数名词，用单数动词；用法一样。跟单数名词，用单数动词；跟复数名词，用复数动词跟复数名词，用复数动词。All of

34、 the students are there.All(of)the milk is there.F、both,either,neither,all,any,none I invited Joe and Linda to dinner,but _ of them came.（2014北京）A.neitherB.eitherC.noneD.both-Do you want tea or coffee?-_.I really dont mind.(2012 北京)A.BothB.NoneC.EitherD.Neither-Which of the three ways shall I take t

35、o the village?-_ way as you please.（2014福建）AEachBEveryCAnyDEither 26.I had to buy _ these books because I didnt know which one was the best.（2013上海）A.both B.none C.neither D.allACCD (a)few+可数名词,(a)little+不可数名词a few/a little 为肯定含义，还有一点few/little为否定含义，没有多少了。a bit of+不可数名词 not a little=much;not a bit=n

36、ot at allHe has a few friends.他有几个朋友。He has few friends.他几乎没有朋友。We still have a little time.我们还有点时间。There is little time left.几乎没剩下什么时间了。There is only a bit of ink in the bottle.We are not a little tired because we have been working for almost twenty hours.Although he had walked a long way,he didnt

37、feel tired a bit.G、few,little,a few,a little,a bit Although hes wealthy，he spends _ on clothes.A.little B.fewC.a little D.a fewA spend 所指的是钱，不可数，只能用 little 或 a little.本句为 although 引导的让步状语从句，由句意知后句为否定含义，因此应用 little 表示几乎不。-Victor certainly cares too much about himself.-Yes.Hes never interested in what

38、 _ is doing.（2014重庆卷）重庆卷）(B)A.no one else B.anyone else C.someone else D.nobody else else 常与不定代词连用，用来表示常与不定代词连用，用来表示“别的别的人或人或物物”，近几年已成为高考中的热点。，近几年已成为高考中的热点。no one else=nobody else，表示，表示“没别的人没别的人”，someone else 表示表示“别的某个人别的某个人”,anyone else 表示表示“别的任何人别的任何人”。If this dictionary is not yours，_can it be?(N

39、MET2013)Awhat else Bwho else Cwhich elses Dwho elses 除了不定代词外，另一种可以与除了不定代词外，另一种可以与else连用的词就是疑问词。连用的词就是疑问词。else 结构的所有格是在结构的所有格是在else后加后加-s。1.it作人称代词,代替前面提到的事物.2.it指代时间,季节,距离.3.it作形式宾语,常用在6123结构中。(think,find,make,believe,)4.it作形式主语.当动名词,不定式,从句作主语时,常用it作形式主语.5.It is that.的强调句型.内容提要内容提要1代替上文中提到过的人或事物。指代人

40、时，一般用于小孩或身份不十分明朗的人。例如：Who is the baby?Its my teachers sonWho is that gentleman?Its my friend,TomHe(不可用It)wants to see you【典型例题【典型例题】(NMET2014)The Parkers bought a new house but _ will need a lot of work before they can move in.A.they B.it C.one D.which B B2用于表达天气、环境、时间、距离、季节等。Its half an hours walk

41、from here to our school Its nice and warm hereBut its two oclock now,and its time for us to go to school 注意下列几种表示时间的句型注意下列几种表示时间的句型.It is time(about time,high time)that.是（正是）是（正是）的时侯的时侯“Its high time that we left.It is the first(second.)time that.”是第一（二）是第一（二）次次“Its the first time that I have been p

42、raised.It is.since.自从自从.以来有多少时间以来有多少时间 Its three years since they got married.It is/was.when.”当当的时候，是的时候，是“。It was 1949 when the PRC was founded.It is/was.before.”之后之后“。It will be two years before we meet again.3.We think it important to learn a foreign language.该句型中的it 作形式宾语。#指主句中常用的动词：think,believ

43、e,make,find,consider,feel；#指的是形式宾语 it；#指的是宾补的两种形式：形容词或名形容词或名 词；词；#指的是真正宾语的三种形式：不定式短不定式短 语语,动名词短语或动名词短语或 that 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句。4.It is necessary(for sb.)to do sth.此句型中的真正主语是不定式短语，主句中的形容词通常是表示重要性，紧迫性，频繁程度，难易，安全等情况的形容词，常见的形容词有：important,necessary,natural easy,safe,common,normal,hard,difficult,dangerous,u

44、nusual,rare,impossible,pleasant在在中的形容词作表语可以用从句改写，中的形容词作表语可以用从句改写，如：It is important for her to come to the party.=It is important that she(should)come to the partyIt作形式主语时的几个常见句型作形式主语时的几个常见句型:.It is kind(of sb.)to do sth.该句型中的不定式如果须要逻辑主语，则须要前置介词 of,而句型中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语特征的形容词，常见的有：bad,brave,careless,cle

45、ver,cruel,foolish,good（好心的）,honest,horrible,kind,lazy,modest,naughty,nice（有教养的）,polite,rude,silly,stupid,wise,wrong 这个句型可以改写为：sb.is kind to do sth.It takes sb.to do sth.“做要花某人”It took me ages to repair my computer.It is no good(use)doing sth.该句型中的真正主语是动名词短语，主句中的表语可以是 no good,no use,no value,no impor

46、tance Its no use crying over the spilt milk.It doesnt matter whether(if).不论（是否）没关系 It doesnt matter whether he is for my plan or not.It happens(seems,appears)that.It happened that I had seen this problem in some book.It is said(reported,learned.)that.“据说”（据报道，据悉）It is said that he has gone to New Yo

47、rk to attend a medical meeting.It is a pity(a shame.)that.It is a pity that we have lost the match with a close score.It is important(necessary,right,strange,natural.)that.记住that 后的从句应用虚拟语气（should+动词原形），should 可以省去.It is suggested(ordered.)that.that 后的从句要用虚拟语气（should+动词原形），should 可以省常译为据建议；有命令）.It i

48、s up to sb.to do sth.该句型为“该由某人做”。该句型中 up后的to是介词。It is up to him to clean our classroom today.今天应由他做教室清洁。It is up to parents to teach their children manners.该由父母教孩子礼貌。5.It is+被强调部分+that.将被强调的部分放在前面，其它部分置于 that 之后被强调部分可以是主语，宾语，表语或状语强调的主语如果是人，that 可以由 who 换用如果把这种句型结构划掉后，应该是一个完整无缺的句子这也是与其 它从句区别判断的方法:It is not until+被强调部分被强调部分+that.强凋“直到才”，需将 not 置于 until 之前1.It was about 600 years ago _ the first clock with face and an hour hand was made AthatBuntil CbeforeDwhen 2._computers play such an important part in our daily life?AWhy it is thatBWhy is it thatCWhy was it that DWhy is it B BA A