2020英语高考单项选择解题策略课件.pptx

1、单项选择解题策略 单单选的命题原则是：选的命题原则是：“突出语境，强化语意，突出语境，强化语意，强调运用强调运用”。此类题型的设置旨在测试考生基础知。此类题型的设置旨在测试考生基础知识在特定语境中的应用，词法、习语的识记与理解识在特定语境中的应用，词法、习语的识记与理解以及语用能力。以及语用能力。教学内容教学内容 考点归纳 分类对比 策略指导考点归纳考点归纳17,18,19三年的三年的单项填空具有鲜单项填空具有鲜明的导向，即考明的导向，即考查实用语境中语查实用语境中语言知识的运用，言知识的运用，要求语法掌握的要求语法掌握的精准到位；词汇精准到位；词汇考查侧重中长词考查侧重中长词汇汇。从右侧表中

2、。从右侧表中可明显知晓近三可明显知晓近三年所考查的点基年所考查的点基本恒定。本恒定。考点考点201720182019三大从句三大从句333时态时态语态（主谓一致）语态（主谓一致）323非谓语动词非谓语动词112虚拟虚拟语气语气 情态动词情态动词121特殊句式特殊句式情景情景交际交际 习语习语221（缺习语）（缺习语）名词名词11形容词副词形容词副词211动词动词111动词短语、介词短语动词短语、介词短语222表一表一 近近三年考点分布三年考点分布 一 定 语 从 句分类对比分类对比28.In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Program,one of _p

3、urposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.（2017）A.which B.its C.whose D.whom 23.Self-driving is an area _ China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.（2018）A.that B.whereC.whichD.when21.We have entered into an age _ dreams have the best chance of coming true.(2019)A.which B.what C

4、.when D.thatBC 一 定 语 从 句分类对比分类对比28.In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Program,one of _purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.（2017）A.which B.its C.whose D.whom 变化：变化：In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Program,and one of _ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.itsn Last month,part of S

5、outheast Asia was struck by floods,from _ effects people are still suffering A.that B.whose C.those D.itsCB注意：注意：whose 引导的定语从句，其先行词既可以是人，也可以是物引导的定语从句，其先行词既可以是人，也可以是物 二 名次性 从 句分类对比分类对比26.We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to$20,half of _it used to charge.（2017）A.that B.wh

6、ich C.what D.how25.Scientists have obtained more evidence _ plastic is finding its way into the human body.(2019)A.what B.that C.which D.where21.By boat is the only way to get here,which is _ we arrived.(2018)A.whereB.whenC.whyD.howDB 二 名次性 从 句分类对比分类对比26.We choose this hotel because the price for a

7、night here is down to$20,half of _it used to charge.（2017）A.that B.which C.what D.how28.In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Program,one of _purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.（2017）A.which B.its C.whose D.whom 分析：很多年同学会把此题当成定语从句，去选which,代指前面的$20，那从句的意思就变成这家旅馆过去收10元，很明显不符合上下文语境！其实，of+宾语从句，并

8、且在宾语从句中，charge后少宾语，故用连接代词what.C对比一下对比一下2017年的年的28题，如果你做到题，如果你做到28题，确定为是定语从句后，但前面题，确定为是定语从句后，但前面26题，你也题，你也视为定语从句，你是否对你先前的判断有所怀疑呢？视为定语从句，你是否对你先前的判断有所怀疑呢？三 状 语 从 句分类对比分类对比 23.Located_the Belt meets the Road,Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction.（2017）A.why B.when C.which D.wher

9、e29._ you can sleep well,you will lose the ability to focus,plan and stay motivated after one or two nights.(2018)A.OnceB.UnlessC.IfD.When23.The doctor shares his phone number with the patients _ they need medical assistance.(2019)A.if only B.as if C.even though D.in case【解析解析】考查地点状语从句。考查地点状语从句。be l

10、ocated in+地点名词，位于地点名词，位于.，where引导的地点引导的地点状语从句在此相当于状语从句在此相当于in some place，故选，故选D。【解析解析】句意：除非你能睡个好觉，否则在一两个晚上之后，你就会失去专注、计划和句意：除非你能睡个好觉，否则在一两个晚上之后，你就会失去专注、计划和保持动力的能力；根据语境可知，此处应用保持动力的能力；根据语境可知，此处应用unless“除非除非”引导条件状语从句。引导条件状语从句。【解析解析】句意：医生句意：医生将电话号码告诉病人以防他们需要医学帮助将电话号码告诉病人以防他们需要医学帮助选选 DDBD 四 时态 语态分类对比分类对比3

11、0.I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan _ in the past two years.(2018)A.had been carried outB.would be carried outC.is being carried outD.has been carried out27.He hurried home,never once looking back to see if he_.A.was being followed B.was following C.had been follow

12、ed D.followed （2017）时态题，往往根据语境先决定大时态，也就是过去、现在还是将来时，但一定要结合整时态题，往往根据语境先决定大时态，也就是过去、现在还是将来时，但一定要结合整个语境，而不是见树而不见林。个语境，而不是见树而不见林。AA 四 时态 语态分类对比分类对比29.A few months after he had arrived in China,Mr.Smith _ in love with the people and culture there.(2019)A.would fall B.had fallen C.has fallen D.fell31.Hes b

13、een informed that he _for the scholarship because of his academic background.（2017）A.hasnt qualified B.hadnt qualified C.doesnt qualify D.wasnt qualifying DC【解析解析】考查宾语从句时态。句意：考查宾语从句时态。句意：他已经被他已经被告知由于教育背景的原因而没有资格获得告知由于教育背景的原因而没有资格获得奖学金。奖学金。qualify for sth.达标，获得参赛资格达标，获得参赛资格；这题解题关键在于一定要理解；这题解题关键在于一定要理

14、解 主句时主句时态是态是 has been informed,是他现在被告知，内容是目前的状况，所以用一般现在时。是他现在被告知，内容是目前的状况，所以用一般现在时。四 时态 语态分类对比分类对比30.I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan _ in the past two years.(2018)A.had been carried outB.would be carried outC.is being carried outD.has been carried out22.The music

15、ian along with his band members _ ten performances in the last three months.(2019)A.gives B.has given C.have given D.giveAB 四 时态 语态分类对比分类对比33.They are trying to make sure that 5G terminals_ by 2022 for the Beijing Winter Olympics.(2019)A.will installB.will have been installed C.are installedD.have b

16、een installed 31.Hopefully in 2025 we will no longer be e-mailing each other,for we _ more convenient electronic communication tools by then.A.have developed B.had developed C.will have developed D.developed (2018)BC 四 时态 语态分类对比分类对比24.The publication of Great Expectations,which _both widely reviewed

17、 and highly praised,strengthened Dickens status as a leading novelist.（2017）A.is B.are C.was D.were22.The musician along with his band members _ ten performances in the last three months.(2019)A.gives B.has given C.have given D.give注意：时态的考查通常也会结合主谓一致和语态。注意：时态的考查通常也会结合主谓一致和语态。【解析解析】考查定语考查定语从句中的从句中的主谓

18、一致。先行词是主谓一致。先行词是Great Expectations，“Great Expectations”是书名，看做单数，所以定语从句的谓语也要使用单数形式；根据是书名，看做单数，所以定语从句的谓语也要使用单数形式；根据“strengthened”可知，可知，“被广泛阅读和得到高度评价被广泛阅读和得到高度评价”发生在过去，故选发生在过去，故选C。B 五 非谓语动词分类对比分类对比21.Many Chinese brands,_their reputations over centuries,are facing new challenges from the modern market.

19、（2017）A.having developed B.being developed C.developed D.developing26.Around 13,500 new jobs were created during the period,_ the expected number of 12,000 held by market analysts.(2018)A.having exceeded B.to exceedC.exceededD.exceeding对比这两条题目，对比这两条题目，21题题develop 与逻辑主语与逻辑主语 many Chinese brands 是主动关系

20、，并是主动关系，并且强调且强调develop这个动作发生在谓语动词这个动作发生在谓语动词face之前，所以用现在分词完成式；而第之前，所以用现在分词完成式；而第26题，句意是：在此题，句意是：在此期间，新增就业岗位约期间，新增就业岗位约13500个，超过市场分析师所预测的个，超过市场分析师所预测的12000个。个。分析该句结构可知，空处作全句的结果状语，分析该句结构可知，空处作全句的结果状语，表示表示必然必然结果，与谓语动词结果，与谓语动词create没有没有明显的先后关系，故只用明显的先后关系，故只用现在分词现在分词。再如：。再如：Nature has provided Shangri-la

21、 with endless treasures,making the land a happy home for the local people.AD 五 非谓语动词分类对比分类对比32.Chinas image is improving steadily,with more countries_ its role in international affairs.(2019)A.recognizing B.being recognized C.to be recognized D.recognized30._ the convenience of digital payment,many

22、senior citizens started to use smart phones.(2019)A.To enjoy B.Enjoying C.To have enjoyed D.Enjoy【解析解析】句意：随着越来越多的国家认识到中国在国际事务中的作用，中国的形象正在稳句意：随着越来越多的国家认识到中国在国际事务中的作用，中国的形象正在稳步改善本题考查步改善本题考查with复合结构根据句意和结构可知这句话使用复合结构根据句意和结构可知这句话使用with复合结构，复合结构，more countries和和recognize是主动关系，用现在分词作宾语补足语是主动关系，用现在分词作宾语补足语

23、AA【解析解析】句意：为了享受数字支付的便利，许多老年人开始使用智能手机本题考查不句意：为了享受数字支付的便利，许多老年人开始使用智能手机本题考查不定式作目的状语定式作目的状语 六 情态动词和虚拟语气分类对比分类对比22._not for the support of the teachers,the student could not overcome her difficulty.（2017）A.It were B.Were it C.It was D.Was it24.Its strange that he _ have taken the books without the owner

24、s permission.（2018）A.would B.should C.couldD.might27.There is a good social life in the village,and I wish I_ a second chance to become more involved.(2018)A.had B.will have C.would have hadD.have had31.What a pity!You missed the sightseeing,or we _a good time together.（2019）A.had B.will have C.woul

25、d have had D.had hadB 六 情态动词和虚拟语气分类对比分类对比22._not for the support of the teachers,the student could not overcome her difficulty.（2017）A.It were B.Were it C.It was D.Was it31.What a pity!You missed the sightseeing,or we _a good time together.（2019）A.had B.will have C.would have had D.had had【解析解析】考查虚拟

26、语气考查虚拟语气if省略情况。在省略情况。在if引导的虚拟语气中，如有引导的虚拟语气中，如有were/should/had(助）助）时，可以把时，可以把if省略，同时把省略，同时把were/should/had提前提前,即即Were/Should/Had+主语主语.，。，。本题省略之前的句子应为：本题省略之前的句子应为：If it were not for the support of,(要不是因为老师的帮要不是因为老师的帮助，。）助，。）【解析解析】解题关键是看出解题关键是看出 句中句中“or”,就相当于就相当于If you hadnt missed the sightseeing,然后就明

27、白然后就明白:本题是考查本题是考查if 从句与过去相反时，主句应该用从句与过去相反时，主句应该用 would/could+have done形式，答案就迎刃而解！形式，答案就迎刃而解！BC 六 情态动词和虚拟语气分类对比分类对比27.There is a good social life in the village,and I wish I_ a second chance to become more involved.(2018)A.had B.will have C.would have hadD.have had【解析解析】句意：这个村子里的社交生活很好。我希望我能有更好的机会融入这

28、里。很明显，句意：这个村子里的社交生活很好。我希望我能有更好的机会融入这里。很明显，本题考查本题考查wish后从句虚拟语气用法，表示对现在情况的虚拟，故用一般过去时。有同学后从句虚拟语气用法，表示对现在情况的虚拟，故用一般过去时。有同学会认为，这里与将来时相反，如果是这样，那应该出现会认为，这里与将来时相反，如果是这样，那应该出现 would do 的选项，但选项中并没的选项，但选项中并没有！有！A复习复习wish 后虚拟语气用法：表示后虚拟语气用法：表示现在现在不能实现的愿望不能实现的愿望,从句的谓语动词用从句的谓语动词用过去式过去式;表示表示将来将来不能实现的愿望不能实现的愿望,用用wou

29、ld(could)+动词原形动词原形;表示表示过去过去不能实现的愿望不能实现的愿望,用用had+过去分词过去分词或或(could)would+have+过去分词过去分词。策略策略指导一指导一-语法语法考点考点的延续性的延续性 近三年一直是围绕三大从句、时态语态、非谓语动词、虚拟语气、名词、动近三年一直是围绕三大从句、时态语态、非谓语动词、虚拟语气、名词、动词、形容词副词和词组短语这词、形容词副词和词组短语这10个点出题。这个点出题。这10个点也是英语语言知识的基本个点也是英语语言知识的基本点和重点，理应在点和重点，理应在平时学习中予以平时学习中予以侧重侧重。一定要熟练掌握一般的语言规则和概。一

30、定要熟练掌握一般的语言规则和概念。例如：念。例如：2017年年22题，考查了虚拟语气题，考查了虚拟语气if省略的倒装结构，这本是对基础语省略的倒装结构，这本是对基础语法知识的考查，但从江苏教育考试院的分析数据来看，得分率不高！法知识的考查，但从江苏教育考试院的分析数据来看，得分率不高！2018年年27题对题对wish虚拟语气的考查，得分率同样不高。所以，复习语法时，从基本的语虚拟语气的考查，得分率同样不高。所以，复习语法时，从基本的语法规则入手，记住三大从句、非谓语动词、虚拟语气、情态动词、倒装句的基法规则入手，记住三大从句、非谓语动词、虚拟语气、情态动词、倒装句的基本概念和考点，无需多做偏题

31、、怪题！本概念和考点，无需多做偏题、怪题！策略指导一策略指导一-语法语法核心核心语法语法基本知识结构基本知识结构掌握情况掌握情况定语从句定语从句关系代词关系代词 （who/whom/that/which/whose/as）介词介词+关系代词关系代词(prep.+who/whom/whose)关系副词关系副词(when/where/why)非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句 解题思路解题思路 ：名词性从句名词性从句主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句连接词（连接词（that/whether/if）连接代词连接代词（what/which/who/whomw

32、hatever）连接副词连接副词 （how/when/where/why/wherever）状语从句状语从句自己默写出各种状语从句的常用连词，熟悉其用法自己默写出各种状语从句的常用连词，熟悉其用法once/when/while/before/where/as long as/as/immediately/in case/no matter 表二表二策略指导一策略指导一-语法语法核心语法核心语法基本知识结构基本知识结构掌握情况掌握情况动词时态动词时态熟悉常用时态的表达熟悉常用时态的表达：will do/will be doing/will have done would do/was/were

33、going to do 时态解题思路：重点根据语境先判断大时态，即：过去，现在时态解题思路：重点根据语境先判断大时态，即：过去，现在 还还是将来，再判断是一般时，完成时还是进行时；综合考虑语态和是将来，再判断是一般时，完成时还是进行时；综合考虑语态和主谓一致主谓一致 非谓语动词非谓语动词熟悉三种基本结构：熟悉三种基本结构：to do/V.ing/V-ed 及具体语境中的进行式及具体语境中的进行式和完成式的变化。和完成式的变化。掌握做六种成分时（主掌握做六种成分时（主 宾宾 表表 定定 状状 补补 ）的常见变化）的常见变化 倒装句倒装句1.完全倒装（小表介）完全倒装（小表介）2.完全倒装（完全倒

34、装（3O原则）原则）3.as、though 尽管尽管表三表三策略指导一策略指导一-语法语法核心语法核心语法基本知识结构基本知识结构掌握情况掌握情况情态动词情态动词两类用法必须掌握：两类用法必须掌握：1）表判断）表判断 2）两类完成式）两类完成式常见情态动词的特殊用法：常见情态动词的特殊用法：can（有时会；（有时会；cant too;）may(征求别人同意；祝愿征求别人同意；祝愿;may well;may/might as well)must(非要）非要）shall(一、三人称问句，提建议；二三人称陈述句，表命令，一、三人称问句，提建议；二三人称陈述句，表命令，承诺等；法律条例内容的陈述）承诺

35、等；法律条例内容的陈述）should (竟然；万一；理应）竟然；万一；理应）will/would(主语为人：习惯性，总是；主语为物：事物所主语为人：习惯性，总是；主语为物：事物所具备或不再有那种属性了；具备或不再有那种属性了；表意愿，否定表意愿，否定“不愿不愿”）虚拟语气虚拟语气If(对应；混合；省略；含蓄）对应；混合；省略；含蓄）wish/as if/if only(三种时态变化）三种时态变化）would rather that(两种时态变化）两种时态变化）It is(about/high)time that(did/should do)建议、命令、请求建议、命令、请求表四表四 词汇题29.

36、Only five years after Steve Jobs death,smart phones defeated _PCs in sales.（2017）A.controversial B.contradictory C.confidential D.conventional 32.Determining where we are _our surroundings remains an essential skill for our survival.（2017）A.in contrast to B.in defense of C.in face of D.in relation t

37、o【解析解析】考查副词辨析。考查副词辨析。A.controversial 有争议的；有争议的；B.contradictory对立的，相互对立的，相互矛盾的；矛盾的；C.confidential机密的，秘密的；机密的，秘密的；D.conventional传统的，智能手机在销量传统的，智能手机在销量上打败了传统的个人电脑，故选上打败了传统的个人电脑，故选D。【解析解析】考查介词短语。考查介词短语。A.in contrast to对比，截然不同；对比，截然不同；B.in defense of为为.辩护；辩护；C.in face of面对；面对；D.in relation to与与.有关。根据周围的环

38、境辨别方位仍有关。根据周围的环境辨别方位仍然是我们生存的一项极其重要的技能。故选然是我们生存的一项极其重要的技能。故选D。DD策略策略指导二指导二-词汇词汇题干的生活化题干的生活化关于关于词汇、动词短语、交际用语等，我们会发现高考中的好多词汇、动词短语、交际用语等，我们会发现高考中的好多动词短语，习语，交际用语在平时考试练习中都出现过，就看你记住动词短语，习语，交际用语在平时考试练习中都出现过，就看你记住没有！没有！“会不难，难不会会不难，难不会”，关键看平时的积累，关键看平时的积累。最后一阶段，词汇。最后一阶段，词汇上还是要花功夫！上还是要花功夫！这么多年这么多年，江苏单选题干内容都会覆盖三

39、大主题语境中多个子，江苏单选题干内容都会覆盖三大主题语境中多个子主题，涉及当下好多具体的社会情境和热点，富有时代主题，涉及当下好多具体的社会情境和热点，富有时代气息。像气息。像2017年年“一带一路一带一路”、世界粮食计划署；、世界粮食计划署；2018年国家软实力、长江经济带、年国家软实力、长江经济带、自动驾驶等；自动驾驶等；2019年医患关系、清洁能源、职业发展等。需要注意的年医患关系、清洁能源、职业发展等。需要注意的是：江苏单选所考语法和知识点并不复杂，但所选语境因为结合了时是：江苏单选所考语法和知识点并不复杂，但所选语境因为结合了时文，在理解上就增加了难度！这文，在理解上就增加了难度！这

40、就要求大家在平时英语学习中多多关就要求大家在平时英语学习中多多关注英语时事新闻，多多浏览英文报纸，熟悉一些专业表达，以便在答注英语时事新闻，多多浏览英文报纸，熟悉一些专业表达，以便在答题时能迅速理解题意，提高答题速度和准确性。题时能迅速理解题意，提高答题速度和准确性。“两条腿走路两条腿走路”回归基础回归基础 查漏补缺查漏补缺 持之以恒持之以恒.自我探索自我探索21.Why do you choose to work with special needs children?I think it will add a new _ to my life.A.version B.occasion C.

41、illusion D.dimension22.When you are preparing for a job interview,keep it in mind that your clothes should be smart,but _ A.confidential B.conservative C.controversial D.contradictory23.He found it very difficult to speak _,for his lips trembled and refused to form the words.A.plainly B.closely C.fi

42、rmly D.frequently24.While interacting with the children and their parents in the remote village,I was _ to a way of life completely different from my own.A.reduced B.exposed C.committed D.transferredDBAB自我自我探索探索 25.Excuse me,Professor.Why didnt my essay achieve a high score?I put my heart into it.We

43、ll,you havent _ your ideas very clearly in this essay.A.stretched out B.set out C.given out D.figured out26.The new airport is a _!Its got four runways and its equipped with the latest technology,but not many people visit this region.A.home bird B.sacred cow C.sleeping dog D.white elephant27.I found

44、 my computer functioning much better,_ a new operating system.A.to install B.installing C.having installed D.installedBDC自我自我探索探索 28.She would be much healthier now _ with that much pressure from work when young.A.had she not burdened herself B.were she not burdened C.should she not burden herself D

45、.were she not to be burdened29.What is expected of the 90s generation,who tend to spend most of their income every month,is _ they should form a sense of saving.A.when B.whether C.that D.how30.Im totally confused about why she steals things _ she could easily afford to buy them.God knows!A.if B.when

46、 C.while D.becauseACB自我自我探索探索31.Giving is a universal opportunity _ regardless of your age,profession,religion,and background,you have the capacity to create change.A.when B.that C.where D.which32.I neednt have been in such a hurry.The flight to Hong Kong _ due to the typhoon.A.had cancelled B.was c

47、ancelled C.will be cancelling D.has been cancelled33.It is really boring to practise playing the piano every day.Come on,dear!The rewards you get are _ the effort you put in.A.in proportion to B.in addition to C.in contrast to D.in regard toCBA自我自我探索探索34.I hope youll make good efforts while Im away.

48、Be assured!Youll be amazed at what _ accomplished when you get back.A.will have been B.has been C.was D.would be35.I lost five pounds just after a month on this new diet.Its definitely worth a try.Right,_.I badly need to get in shape for my school reunion.A.it beats me B.I dont buy it C.I just cant

49、help it D.youve sold it to meAD答案解析答案解析 21.D 解析：考查名词。version意为“版本”；dimension意为“纬度；尺寸；方面”；illusion意为“错觉；幻想”；occasion意为“场合”。dimension在这里取“方面”的意思，“add a new dimension to my life”可以意译为“给我的生活增加了新的阅历”，符合语境。22.B 解析：考查形容词。confidential意为“机密的,秘密的”；conservative意为“保守的,守旧的”；controversial意为“有争议的;引起争论的”；contradict

50、ory意为“矛盾的,对立的”。只有B项符合语境。句意：当你准备面试的时候，要记住，衣服应该整洁，但还要保守。答案解析答案解析 23.A 解析：考查副词。A项意为“清楚地；明显地；简单地；朴素地”；B项意为“密切地”；C项意为“坚定地”；D项意为“频繁地”。根据题意可知，A项符合题意。句意：他发现很难讲清楚话，因为他的嘴唇打颤，吐不出字。24.B 解析：考查动词。be exposed to.为固定搭配，意为“接触；暴露于”，符合语境。句意：在与那个偏僻村子里的孩子以及他们的父母亲交流时，我接触到了与我完全不同的生活方式。25.B 解析：考查动词短语。set out在这里意为“(清晰而有条理地)陈