高考英语阅读理解答题指导课件.ppt

1、 Warming up Are you ready to improve your reading?T or F1.If you want to live to 100,you must have the right genes.2.When we are washing our hands,we should use hot water rather than cold water to kill germs.Warm-up QuizT TF FChoose the right answer1.If you were a manager,could you figure out which

2、pay plan will motivate people to do their best work?A.your employees are told they will earn$10 an hour.B.Your employees are hired at$10 an hour but,before they started working,they will get a surprising raise of pay to$12 an hour.C.Your employees are offered$12 an hour from the start and given no i

3、ncrease.2.Did Rose leave Jack to die by not letting him up on the wooden life raft after Titanics sinking?A.Yes,Jack could have survived the disaster,had he lifted himself onto the raft and had Rose taken off her life jacket.B.No,the script says Jack died.So he has to die.BunknownFactors influencing

4、 Ss performance in Reading Comprehension They are either informative or interesting.varioous topicsCommon writing styles Expository writing 说明文说明文 Narrative writing 记叙文记叙文 Argumentative writing 议论文议论文 News/Science report 新闻新闻/科学报道科学报道 Practical writing 应用文应用文 Stories 短篇小说短篇小说 Literature reviews 文学评论

5、文学评论 What does the underlined word/phrase/sentence most probably mean?The underlined word/phrase can be best replaced by _.According to the passage,the underlined phrase suggests _.The underlined word/phrase has a similar meaning to _.What does the underlined word/phrase refer to?What is the main id

6、ea/point/topic of this passage?Which of the following is the best title for the passage?The main purpose of the text/article/the first/paragraph is to _.Whats the whole passage/the first/paragraph mainly about?The passage is mainly developed by?Etc.Detailed information 细节理解题细节理解题 The meaning of a ne

7、w word phrase/sentence Inference The main idea Detailed informationReading strategies?You cannot coerce people into learning.If they are not interested,it is impossible to force them.What is indeed the useful information in the context?What is context?Examples Synonyms Antonyms General sense of the

8、sentence or passage(marked by words like for example,for instance,including,and such as)(marked by words like that is,which is,because)(marked by words like in fact，however,while,but,on the other hand,instead)(try to ask yourself some relevant questions and use the logic to answer your questions)Fou

9、r common types of context clues for guessing word meanings:Practice Pay attention to the context Pay attention to the words indicating examples,synonyms,antonyms.Use common sense of logic.A:What do you think of the movie?B:I even fell asleep in the middle of it.What can we know from the dialogue?Wha

10、t can we infer from the dialogue?Inference_1.The boy wants to know why he has to be at the orphanage._2.The boy is happy to be at the orphanage._3.The people at the orphanage are cruel to the boy._4.Not carrying life insurance can harm ones family._5.The insurance company helps support the orphanage

11、.Visual material Recognizing and locating main ideaGeneral idea:emotionSpecific idea:anger,sadness,happinessGeneral idea:EntertainmentSpecific idea:Movies,concert,card gamesMain ideaSpecific ideas:greed,selfishness,dishonesty cowardiceGeneral ideas:_Specific ideas:“How are you”Hello”Hi there”Good mo

12、rning”General ideas:_Negative personal qualityGreetingsTips for making inferences Never ignore the available information.Infer things hidden based on the facts in the passage Avoid choosing the things directly given by the passageUse your analyzing or reasoning ability if necessary Recognizing and l

13、ocating main idea For the implied main idea,think carefully about the specific ideas to determine a general idea neither too narrow nor too broad.When you are trying to discover a general idea,ask yourself these questions:1)Does a general idea cover all of the specific ideas listed？If not,it is too

14、narrow.2)Does a general idea cover more ideas than the specific ideas listed？If so,it is too broad.General Vs.specific ideasExample 1_A.A mosquito can find you in the dark._B.A mosquito can keep you awake all night._C.Though a mosquito is small,it has power._D.A mosquito can make you scratch yoursel

15、f until you bleed._A.The bread the waiter brought us is not fresh._B.Weve been waiting for our main course for over an hour._C.The people next to us are awfully loud._D.It is time to speak to the restaurant manager.SSSSSSGGTip1for the main idea Look for general ideas rather than specific ideas Air p

16、ollution is a leading cause of cancer and classified among Group 1,or top,human carcinogens(致癌物质)，said the International Agency for Research on Cancer(IARC),which is the World Health Organizations(WHO)cancer agency,on Oct.17,2013.The most widely used system for classifying carcinogens comes from the

17、 IARC,which places them into five groups.Group 1 carcinogens definitely cause cancer in humans.“Given the scale of the exposure affecting people worldwide,this report should send a strong signal to the international community to take action without further delay,”said Christopher Wild,director of th

18、e IARC.(2014 南京、盐城、淮安二模南京、盐城、淮安二模 B 篇篇)_ 59.What might be the best title for the passage?A.Signals of Air Pollution B.Safety Limits of Air Pollution C.Air Pollution,Cancer Risk D.Air Pollution,Smog Risk for the main idea NEW YORK(Reuters Life!)More young American adults are living with their parents

19、 due to the economic downturn and a lack of jobs in a phenomenon dubbed“fullest syndrome”，according to a new research.The study showed that last year 52.8 percent of Americans between the ages 18 and 24 were living at home,compared with 47.3 in 1970.The study also showed that one in seven young adul

20、ts is emerging from their teenage years with no pathway to financial and economic independence._ Question:67.What does the passage mainly tell us?A.Young adults have poor employment opportunities.B.More young U.S.adults live with parents.C.More young American enrolled in school.D.The transition to a

21、dulthood will be delayed.for the main idea Tip 3:Get familiar with the features of different writing styles,such as a news report.Example 4(2014 苏北四市一模）苏北四市一模）Babies born with serious medical conditions often spend their first days in the intensive-care unit of a hospital.Medical workers put tape on

22、 the babies to hold down tubes and electronic devices.Experts say having to change the tape daily or remove it when those babies are well enough to go home can be painful and even dangerous.The Massachusetts Institute of Technology says more than one million people suffer skin injuries from medical

23、tape removal each year.But now there is a new kind of tape that is much softer.Jeff Karp helped create the new tape.Doctor Karp works at the Center for Regenerative Therapeutics at Brigham Womens hospital in Boston,Massachusetts.He says _ Tip4for the main idea The first place to check for the main i

24、dea is the first paragraph or the first sentence.But the main idea can appear anywhere within a passage.Example 5(2010 福建卷福建卷 B篇篇)Forget Twitter and Facebook,Google and the Kindle.Television is still the most influential medium around.Indeed,for many of the poorest regions(地区)of the world,it remains

25、 the next big thingfinally becomes globally available.And that is a good thing,because the TV revolution is changing lives for the better.Too much TV has been associated with violence,overweight and loneliness.However,TV is having a positive influence on the lives of billions worldwide._ _ Question:

26、63.What would be the best title for the passage?A.TV Will Rule the World B.TV Will Disturb the World C.TV Will Better the World D.TV Will Remain in World Tip 5 for the main idea Choose a title that is brief and to the point,based on the topic sentence.Example 6(2010 重庆卷 C篇)It is hardly surprising th

27、at clothing manufacturers follow certain uniform standards for various features of clothes.What seems strange,however,is that the standard adopted for women is the opposite of the one for men.Take a look at the way your clothes button.Mens clothes tend to button from the right,and womens from the le

28、ft.Considering most of the worlds population-men and women-are right-handed,the mens standard would appear to make more sense for women.So why do womens clothes button from the left?History really seems to matter here.Button first appeared Today women are seldom dressed by servants,but _ _ Question:

29、67.The passage is mainly developed by .A.analyzing cause B.making comparisons C.examining differences D.following the time order Tip 6 for the main idea Find out the logic and structure of the passage besides the topic sentence.Look for general ideas rather than specific ideas Find the topic sentenc

30、e(usually in the first paragraph),excluding incomplete and partially correct information.Get familiar with the features of different writing styles,such as a news report.The first place to check for the main idea is the first paragraph or the first sentence.But the main idea can appear anywhere with

31、in a passage.Choose a title that is brief and to the point,based on the topic sentence.Find out the logic and structure of the passage besides the topic sentence.Etc.Read the shortened passage and find out the answer.Tell us why you think your answer is right?Example 1(2009 江苏江苏 D 篇篇)Have you ever n

32、oticed the color of the water in a river or stream after a heavy rainfall?What do you think caused this change in color?It is soil that has been washed into the river from the riverbank or from the nearby fields.Components of Soil Soil is made up of a number of layers（层），each having its own distinct

33、ive color and texture.The upper layer is known as the litter.It acts like a blanket,.limiting temperature changes and reducing water loss.The topsoil layer is made up of small particles of rock mixed with rotten plant and animal matter called humus（腐殖质），which is black and gives the topsoil its dark

34、color.This layer is usually rich in nutrients，oxygen，and water.Below the topsoil is the subsoil，a layer that contains more stones mixed with only small amounts of organic matter.This layer is lighter in color because of the lack of humus.Beneath the soil lies a layer of bedrock._ Water Beneath the S

35、oil Surface water collects and flows above the ground in lakes.ponds.and rivers.Once in the soil or rock，it is called groundwater.Gravity pulls groundwater through the soil in a process called percolation（渗透）.Eventually the water reaches a layer called the water table.Under this is bedrock through w

36、hich water cannot percolate._69.We can infer from the passage that the water table lies .A.between the topsoil layer and the subsoil layer B.in the subsoil layer above bedrock C.between the subsoil layer and bedrock D.in the bedrock layer beneath the subsoil Tip 1:Malaria,the world most widespread p

37、arasitic(寄生虫引起的)disease,kills as many as three million people every year-almost all of whom are under five,very poor,and African.For decades,the first-choice treatment for malaria parasites in Africa has been chloroquine,a chemical which is very cheap and easy to make.Unfortunately,in most parts of

38、the world,malaria parasites have become resistant to it.Successful alternatives that help prevent resistance are already available,but they have been in short supply and are very expensive.If these drugs should fail,nobody knows what would come next._54.It can be inferred from the passage that_.A.no

39、 drugs have been found to treat the disease B.the alternative treatment is not easily available to most people C.malaria has developed its ability to resist parasites D.nobody knows what will be the drug to treat the disease Infer things hidden based on some specific phrases or sentences Infer thing

40、s hidden based on some specific phrases or sentences Avoid choosing the things directly given by the passage Use your analysing or reasoning ability if necessary Etc.Group work(Examples 1-3)Across the developing world,around 45%of families had a TV in 1995;by 2005 the number had climbed above 60%.Th

41、at is some way behind the U.S.,where are more TVs than people,and where people now easily get access to the Internet.Five million more families in sub-Saharan Africa will get a TV over the next five years.In 2005,after the fall of the Taliban（塔利班）,which had outlawed TV,1 in 5 Afghans had one.The glo

42、bal total is another 150 million by 2013pushing the numbers to well beyond two thirds of families._ _Question 60.The underlined word“outlawed”in paragraph 2 probably means“”.A.allowed B.banned C.offered D.refused.Fermats Last Theorem(定理).First put forward by the French mathematician Pierrede Fermat

43、in the seventeenth century,the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds,including a French woman scientist who made a major advance in working out the problem,and who had to dress like a man in order to be able to study at the Ecole Polytechnique._ 65.Which of the following best

44、explains the meaning of the word“baffle“as it is used in the text?A.To encourage people to raise questions.B.To cause difficulty in understanding.C.To provide a person with an explanation.D.To limit peoples imagination.Pay attention to the words like“and”,“but”,”or”,“that is.”“however”etc.Tip 2:A ch

45、ilds birthday party doesnt have to be a hassle;it can be a basket of fun,according to Bet Anaclerio,an Evaston mother of two,aged 4 and 18 months.BORDER CROSSINGS While there are no restrictions on the amount of money that you can bring across the border.you must report to both the US and Canadian b

46、order services amounts equal to or greater than$10.000.PERSONAL EXEMPTIONS（免税）（免税）ON PURCHASES CANADIANS RETURNING TO CANADALess than 24 hours:$50 CAN48 hours or more:$400 CAN Including up to 100 cigars and 200 cigarettes.7 days or more:$750 CAN Including up to 100 cigars and 200 cigarettes.Tip 1:An

47、swer the following questions:1.What does“a win-win project”mean?2.What is the key issue for Chinas railway plan?Question 67Chinas new high-speed railway plan will be a win-win project because AChina will get much-needed resources and develop its western regions BChina and the countries involved will

48、 benefit from the project in various waysCChina will develop its railway system and communication with other countriesD the foreign countries involved will develop their railway transportation，business and tourismHave a good command of vocabulary and choose the answer that has complete information T

49、ip 2:Locate the specific information,doing some comparison and sometimes inferring,analyzing and reasoning.Tip 3:Have a good command of vocabulary and choose the answer that has complete information Locate the specific information,doing some comparison and sometimes inferring,analyzing and reasoning.Practice using reading strategies know about factors influencing your performance in Reading?get familiar with common question categories?explore some reading strategies?