大学英语4级作文讲解课件.ppt

1、1 大学英语作文写作大学英语作文写作一、一、大纲要求：能按照规定的题目和提示，在半小大纲要求：能按照规定的题目和提示，在半小时内写出时内写出120-150120-150词的短文，能写短信和便条，表词的短文，能写短信和便条，表达意思清楚，无重大的语法错误。达意思清楚，无重大的语法错误。二、二、评分原则评分原则 ：（1 1）四级作文考试采用总体评四级作文考试采用总体评分分 （Global Scoring)Global Scoring)的办法。（的办法。（2 2）从内容和语）从内容和语言两个方面对作文进行综合评判。言两个方面对作文进行综合评判。三、三、评分标准：评分标准：四级作文满分为四级作文满分为

2、1515分。阅卷标准分。阅卷标准分为五等：分为五等：2 2分、分、5 5分、分、8 8分、分、1111分、及分、及1414分。分。234CET4 作文常见结构作文常见结构56四级作文的试题类型7一、现象解释型 2002-12 It Pays to Be Honest 1、当前社会上存在许多不诚实的现象；、当前社会上存在许多不诚实的现象；2、诚实利人利己，做人应该诚实、诚实利人利己，做人应该诚实8三、问题解决型 2000-1 How I Finance My College Education 1、上大学的学费可以通过多种途径解决；、上大学的学费可以通过多种途径解决；2、那种途径适合我（说明理由

3、）。、那种途径适合我（说明理由）。9五、应用文10一、如何写主题句（一、如何写主题句（Topic Sentence)11二、段落的展开（扩展句的写作）举例法举例法(Examples)：For example/for instance /take as an example/a case in point 12三、因果法（三、因果法（Cause and Effect)Cause and Effect)13三、结尾句的写作三、结尾句的写作1415161718192021222324大学英语大学英语写作速成方法写作速成方法251、现象解释型样板：、现象解释型样板：(1)As is known to

4、all,_.(2)People seem to get accustomed to _.(3)In fact,_.(4)The reasons of _ lie in several aspects.(5)Firstly,_.(6)Secondly,_.(7)Thirdly,_.(8)Finally,_.(9)As a matter of fact,_.(10)On the one hand,_.(11)On the other hand,_.(12)Therefore,_.26 2002-12 It Pays to Be Honest 1.当前社会上存在许多不诚实的现象；2 诚实利人利己，做

5、人应该诚实1）现象部分：）现象部分：描写普遍现象描写普遍现象 2）解释部分：为什）解释部分：为什么出现这种现象（原因么出现这种现象（原因)3）表明作者态度部分）表明作者态度部分（我的看法）（我的看法）（1）As is known to all,we often hear complaints about dishonesty.（2）People seem to get accustomed to many dishonest behaviors.（3）In fact,there are dishonest practice in every walk of our lives.27 (4)Th

6、e reasons of social dishonesty lie in several aspects.(5)Firstly,most people neglect moral values in pursue of their material benefits.(6)Secondly,unfair competition worsen the situation.(7)Thirdly,we lack powerful and effective laws to cope with this problem.(8)Finally,many dishonest people may esc

7、ape punishment easily.(9)As a matter of fact,in my opinion,to be honest will be good for both the honest people and others.(10)On the one hand,behaving yourself in an honest way can win respect from others.(11)On the other hand,being honest is an essential step towards our spiritual civilization.(12

8、)Therefore,it pays to be honest in the long run.282、问题解决型样板、问题解决型样板 (1)Nowadays,there is a growing concern on _.(2)It is certain that _.(3)However,_.(4)It will cause many serious results if _.(5)Firstly,_.(6)Secondly,_.(7)Finally,_.(8)In spite of all these,there are still many ways _.(9)First of all

9、,_.(10)In addition,_.(11)Thirdly,_.(12)Only in this way,_.29例一：How to Deal with Anger?1.许多人容易生气，而专家提醒，生气危害健康；2.如何有效地控制或减轻愤怒情绪；3.我的看法1)问题部分：激烈的竞争让许多人容易生气，而专家提问题部分：激烈的竞争让许多人容易生气，而专家提醒如果处理不当，生气严重危害健康；醒如果处理不当，生气严重危害健康；2)解决部分：如何有效地控制或减轻？解决部分：如何有效地控制或减轻？冷静、幽默、找冷静、幽默、找出生气的原因等等。出生气的原因等等。3)表明作者态度部分：我的看法表明作者态

10、度部分：我的看法30 How to Deal with Anger?（1）Nowadays,there is a growing concern over the methods to cope with anger.(2)It is certain that anger is very harmful to our health.(3)However,not everyone knows how to cope with anger in the right way.(4)It will cause many serious results if we are kept in anger.(

11、5)Firstly,anger may cause various disease.(6)Secondly,anger may spoil our relationship with friends.(7)Finally,our anger will only make everything worse.31 (8)In spite of all these,there are many methods to deal with anger with reasons.(9)First of all,we should decide whether the cause deserve our a

12、nger or not.(10)In addition,we may try to see humor when we are in trouble.(11)Thirdly,we must listen to advices of others.(12)Only in this way can we calm down before we cope with any problem.323、对比选择型样板、对比选择型样板 (1)There is a heated debate over_.(2)It is commonly accepted that _.(3)In contrast,othe

13、rs _.(4)Those who hold the first opinion suggest _.(5)In their view,_.(6)However,others think _.(7)They argue that _.(8)Considering one after another,I stand on the side of _.(9)First of all,_.(10)Further more,_.(11)Thirdly,_.(12)Therefore _.33 2000-6 Is a Test of Spoken English Necessary 1.许多人认为有必要

14、举行英语口语考试，理由.2.也有人持不同意见 3.我的看法和打算 1段）引出两种不同的观点；段）引出两种不同的观点；2段）一部分人的看法：段）一部分人的看法：支持、支持、赞同；另一部分人的看法：反对、不支持赞同；另一部分人的看法：反对、不支持 3段）段）作者的态度：作者的态度：我的观点我的观点 A test of spoken English will be included as an optional component of the College English Test.This news causes a heated debate over the necessity of th

15、e test.It is commonly accepted that such a test in China is very necessary.In contrast,others think it unnecessary.34 Those who hold the first opinion suggest that speaking ability is very important in todays society.In their view,a test of spoken English will urge college students to improve their

16、oral English.However,others think that writing skills would be enough for daily use.They argue that spoken English does not necessarily mean better opportunities.Considering one after another,I stand on the side of the former idea.First of all,English as language is a tool for oral communication.Fur

17、thermore,the ability to speak English fluently is a must for us in the more open China.Thirdly,the test will help us in our job-seeking.Therefore,the test of spoken English is necessary.354、观点论证型样板、观点论证型样板 (1)It is well known that _.(2)The truth of it is self-evident.(3)No one deny _.(4)Therefore,_.

18、(5)Many examples can be found to prove _.(6)Take _ as a typical example.(7)People _.(8)Further more,_.(9)It goes without saying that _.(10)Then,_.(11)There is no doubt that _.(12)In conclusion _.36例一：Competition and Cooperation 1、当今社会处处存在竞争(观点部分观点部分：竞争是社会普遍现象）；2、竞争离不开合作，例如（例证部分例证部分，如足球）3、我的看法（作者态度作者

19、态度）例二：Health and Happiness1、每个人都想获得财富，财富似乎就是幸福；2、其实世界上有许许多多东西是财富换不来的。（1）观点部分：）观点部分：金钱并不代表幸福；金钱不是万能的，但是没有金钱并不代表幸福；金钱不是万能的，但是没有钱是万万不能的。钱是万万不能的。（2）论证部分：其实世界上有许许多多东西是财富换不来的如：）论证部分：其实世界上有许许多多东西是财富换不来的如：友谊、爱情、健康等。友谊、爱情、健康等。（3）作者态度：幸福的构成多样化，友谊、爱情、健康、知识。）作者态度：幸福的构成多样化，友谊、爱情、健康、知识。37 Competition and cooperat

20、ion 38395、应用文样板40例一：Dear Allison,I am delighted to learn that you plan to take a visit in China for ten days in next month.Several years has passed since I came from your country.In my opinion,paying a visit to Beijing is your best choice.On the one hand,Beijing is the capital city of China.On the o

21、ther hand,Beijing is a place of interest.As to the famous sites,I suggest that you should visit the Great Wall for the first 3days,which may show you a history of 2000 years.If you are energetic enough,we can visit the Summer Palace.It is unnecessary for you to bring anything except your camera.In a

22、ddition,I advise you taste Chinese food.I am sure you will have a very good visit.Please inform me before you set off.I am looking forward to seeing you soon.Sincerely Yours,Tom412）批评、抱怨、投诉信样板 Dear _,My name is _.(2)I am _.I venture to write you a letter about _.(4)The focus of the complaint is _.(5

23、)For one thing,_.(6)For another,_.(7)Honestly speaking,_.(8)But _.(9)Besides,_.(10)All in all,there is still much room for improvement.11)I do hope _.(12)Thank you for your time and kind consideration.Sincerely yours，(Signature)42例：例：A letter of Complaint(1)为何写信；（2）指出问题引起的后果；（3）提出批评的意见Dear Mr.Smith,

24、My name is Liming.I am a regular consumer of your shop.I venture to write you a letter about the service in your shop.The focus of the complaint is the cashiers attitude.For one thing,one of your checkout clerks attempted to shortchange me.For another,this was for the second time in a month.Honestly

25、 speaking,for the first time,I cared about it less.But earlier today I purchased several items totaling$8.40 and handed a$20 bill to a cashier,and she handed me$1.10 in change.Besides,she was not very kind to me when I pointed out her mistake.All in all,there is still much room for improvement.I do hope this is the last time.Thank you for your time and kind consideration.Sincerely Yours,Li Ming