高考英语语法填空真题汇编(含答案)及解析(DOC 13页).doc

1、高考英语语法填空真题汇编(含答案)及解析一、高中英语语法填空1阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 A few months _(early), Stephanie Heller, had finished her workout in the gym when she _(notice)a woman in the parking lot struggling to bend down. Ms. Heller offered to help her. The woman blamed old age for her incapacity, _(explai

2、n)that she was 70. But Ms. Heller was 71. This woman felt every bit her age. she recalled. I dont let age stop me. I need a good mood, really. I love singing and dancing with all the young friends I _ (make)over the years. Im only as old as I feel. Each of us has _actual age, the number we celebrate

3、 on birthdays. But some 50-, 60-and 70-year-olds look and feel _(youth), while others do not. Scientists measure these differences by looking at age-related things like skin elasticity, blood pressure and so on, finding some _(connect)among them. People _a healthy lifestyle and a fortunate genetic i

4、nheritance(继承)tend _(score) younger on these assessments. When scientists ask, How old do you feel, most of the time? the answer can reflect the state of peoples physical and mental health. The age given is a virtual one, _is called subjective age. 【答案】 earlier；noticed；explaining；have made；an；youthf

5、ul/young；connection/connections；with；to score；which 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，有的人看起来比实际年龄小，是因为健康的生活方式，好的遗传基因让人看起来更年轻，研究发现一个人的心态可以反应他的主观年龄。 （1）考查形容词。根据后文的had finished过去完成时，可判断事情发生在过去之前，a few months earlier“几个月之前”，可以和过去完成时连用，故填earlier。 （2）考查时态。根系句子可知此处是从句谓语动词，此处考查固定句型had donewhen(从句用一般过去时)刚做完某事突然就，故填noticed。 （

6、3）考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知此处是非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语the woman和explain（解释）之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，故填explaining。 （4）考查时态。分析句子可知此处是定语从句谓语动词，根据下文的over the years(在过去几年里)判断该句为现在完成时，主语为I，故填have made。 （5）考查冠词。age的可数名词，此处是泛指，应用不定冠词，又actual是元音音素开头，故填an。 （6）考查形容词。此处应填形容词作为feel的表语，youth的形容词是young和youthful，故填young/youthful。 （7）考查名词。此处应填名词作为

7、finding的宾语，connect的名词形式connection为可数名词，some可以理解为“一些/某个”，故此处可以用名词单数形式，也可用复数形式，故填connection/connections。 （8）考查介词。句意：拥有健康生活方式和好的遗传基因的人倾向于在这些评价中获得高分。分析句子可知此处应填介词，再结合句意表示“有”的介词是with，故填with。 （9）考查非谓语动词。tend to do sth固定短语，“倾向于做某事”，故填to score。 （10）考查定语从句。分析句子可知，此处是非限定性定语从句的关系词，先行词one在从句中充当主语，应用关系代词which引导，故

8、填which。 【点评】本题考点涉及形容词，时态，非谓语动词，冠词，介词，名词，定语从句以及多个知识点的考查，是一篇健康类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。2阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Since 1949 when the Peoples Republic of China _(establish), and especially since 1978, Chinas transformation from a traditional _（agriculture）s

9、ociety to a modern industrial society has been greatly accelarated by a rapid industrial restructuring. Chinas industrial structure developed according to the objective of industrialization, _aimed at the proportion(比例)of agriculture declining ceaselessly, and the proportion of the industrial and se

10、rvice sector increasing continually. _(current), the industrial goods produced in China all range from capital goods to consumption goods. Chinas factory outputs extend from textiles (纺织业) to railway, planes and computers. China is the largest producer of inexpensive cotton textiles in the world and

11、 exports large _(quantity) of textiles and clothes. Food processing is very important, and much farm produce is exported. Other industrial products _(include)television sets, bicycles, cars, trucks and washing machines are expanding in the world. China has become _industrialized country to some exte

12、nt. The auto and the housing industry, in the process of industrialization have developed by leaps and bounds. The most important export products are machinery and electric equipment,_the most important import products are raw materials. In recent years, Chinas industry_(compete) internationally, an

13、d as a result, the _(develop)of the countrys industry is increasingly influenced by international economic environments.【答案】 was established；agricultural；which；Currently；quantities；including；an；while/and；has competed has been competing；development 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，自1978年以来，中国从传统农业社会向现代工业社会的转型，在产业结构调

14、整的快速推进下，取得了长足的进步。中国在一定程度上已经成为一个发达的工业化国家。 （1）考查时态语态。根据Since 1949可知应用一般过去时，且主语the Peoples Republic of China与谓语动词establish构成被动语态，用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was established。 （2）考查形容词。society为名词，需要形容词修饰，故填agricultural。 （3）考查定语从句。句意：中国的产业结构是按照工业化的目标发展的，其目标是农业比重不断下降。本句为定语从句修饰先行词the objective of industrialization，且先行词在从

15、句中做主语，指物，故用关系代词which，填which 。 （4）考查副词。句意：目前，中国生产的工业产品从资本品到消费品应有尽有。修饰整个句子应用副词，故填Currently。 （5）考查名词。large quantities of固定短语，“大量”，故填quantities。 （6）考查非谓语动词。句意：包括电视机、自行车、汽车、卡车和洗衣机在内的其他工业产品正在世界范围内扩张。本句已经存在谓语动词且句中没有连词，故include只能做非谓语，表示“包括；包含”后跟包含的内容时需用现在分词，故填including。 （7）考查冠词。句意：中国在一定程度上已经成为一个发达的工业化国家。cou

16、ntry为可数名词，此处表泛指“一个国家”，且industrialized为元音音素开头的单词，故应填an。 （8）考查连词。句意：最重要的出口产品是机电设备，而最重要的进口产品是原材料。表示前后对比应用while；或表示承接关系用连词and。故填while或and。 （9）考查时态。根据上文In recent years可知本句为完成时态，表示过去发生的动作持续了一段时间持续到现在，用现在完成时，主语为单数，故填has competed；或表示过去发生的动作从过去一直持续到现在，不曾间断，用现在完成进行时，主语为单数，故填has been competing。 （10）考查名词。根据上文定冠

17、词the可知应填名词形式，故填development。 【点评】本题考点涉及时态语态，形容词，定语从句，副词，名词，非谓语动词，冠词，连词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇政治经济类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。3阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Since _ first fully artificial plastic was invented in 1907, humans _(find) innumerable uses for the material. It has

18、 found _(it) way into our tools, our clothes and even our bodies. In a new study in _(environment) science and technology, researchers estimate the average American eats more than 50,000 pieces of microplastic particles, _(small) than 5 millimeters in length every year and breathes in another 50,000

19、. Although the health _(effect) of consuming these tiny bits of plastic are unclear, researchers stress the real volume that people are _(casual) swallowing is alarming. The largest contributor came _ drinking bottled water, in _ the bottle itself added more than 32 times more plastic to a diet _(co

20、mpare) with tap water, The Guardian reports.【答案】 the；have found；its；environmental；smaller；effects；casually；from；which；compared 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章提出了人工塑料渗入到我们生活的方方面面。在环境科学与技术的一项新研究中，研究人员估计，美国人平均每年吃掉5万多块塑料微粒，这些微粒的长度小于5毫米，再吸入5万粒塑料微粒。主要诱因是饮用瓶装水。 （1）考查冠词。句意：自从1907年第一个完全人工塑料被发明以来。根据first可知此处用冠词the。故填the。

21、 （2）考查时态。句意：人类已经发现了这种材料的无数用途。since引导的时间从句要用一般过去时，主句要用现在完成时。分析句子成分可知，主语是humans，故谓语动词为have found。故填have found。 （3）考查代词。句意：它已经渗入我们的工具、我们的衣服甚至我们的身体。way是名词，此处应该用形容词性物主代词修饰名词。故填its。 （4）考查形容词。句意：在环境科学与技术的一项新研究中。此处要用形容词修饰名词science and technology（科学与技术）。故填environmental。 （5）考查形容词。句意：美国人平均每年吃掉5万多块塑料微粒，这些微粒的长度小

22、于5毫米，再吸入5万粒塑料微粒。根据than可知此处要用形容词比较级。故填smaller。 （6）考查名词。句意：尽管食用这些小塑料碎片对健康的影响尚不清楚。根据the health是主语的一部分，可知此处用名词作主语，且谓语动词是are，故用可数名词复数，填effects。 （7）考查副词。句意：但研究人员强调，人们随意吞下的塑料碎片的实际数量令人担忧。此处要用副词修饰动词swallowing 。故填casually。 （8）考查介词。句意：最大促成物来自饮用瓶装水。come from，固定短语，“来自”。故填from。 （9）考查定语从句。句意：瓶装水在日常饮食中添加的塑料量是自来水的32

23、倍多。分析句子成分可知，先行词为drinking bottled water，指物，且作in的宾语，故此处填which。故填which。 （10）考查非谓语动词。句意：瓶装水在日常饮食中添加的塑料量是自来水的32倍多。分析句子可知，the bottle itself与compare在逻辑上是被动关系。故填compared。 【点评】本题考点涉及冠词，时态，代词，形容词，名词，介词，副词，定语从句以及非谓语动词的等多个知识点的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。4阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适

24、当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 When it comes to climate change, language does count. In March, the Guardian changed_(it) wording using global heating instead of global warming , after scientists found that Earths temperature is set _(rise) from between 2.5C and 4.5C. And on May 1, the UK parliament declared

25、 a climate emergency, _(become)the first parliament to do so. If with global warming, were still inside our comfort zone of handling the situation, entering the state of global heating is like heading to a point _ the delicate balance of nature is disturbed so much that there is no turning back. Eve

26、rything will be changing: Coral will die, polar bears will lose their habitats completely, and extreme_ (weather) like droughts and heavy storms will happen at a higher_ (frequent). There is no denying that were entering a climate emergency. Decades ago when the science on the climate issue was firs

27、t increasing, the impacts could be seen as an issue for future generations, but now its _(definite) our issue, _shift we all are living together. However, getting these messages _ is far from enough. It depends on each to find a solution if there are any solutions left to find. The UKs Labor leader

28、Jeremy urged that we _(take) rapid and dramatic action now. Indeed, language matters. But action matters even more.【答案】 its；to rise；becoming；where；weathers/weather；frequency；definitely；the；through/across；(should)take 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，谈到气候变化，语言的确很重要。今年3月，在科学家发现地球温度将从2.5度上升到4.5度之后，卫报改变了它的措辞使用全球变热而不是全球

29、变暖。 （1）考查代词。句意：今年3月，在科学家发现地球温度将从2.5度上升到4.5度之后，卫报改变了它的措辞使用全球变热而不是全球变暖。文中表示它的措辞，所以填its。 （2）考查非谓语动词。句意：今年3月，在科学家发现地球温度将从2.5度上升到4.5度之后，卫报改变了它的措辞使用全球变热而不是全球变暖。set to do固定短语，“开始做”，故填to rise。 （3）考查非谓语动词。句意：5月1日，英国议会宣布进入气候紧急状态，成为第一个这样做的议会。become的逻辑主语是the UK parliament，它们之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语，所以填becoming。 （4）考查定语

30、从句。句意：如果在全球变暖的情况下，我们仍然在自己的舒适区处理这种情况，进入全球变热的状态，就像走向一个点，大自然的微妙平衡被扰乱得如此之多，没有回头路。 4 the delicate balance of nature is disturbed so much that there is no turning back.是一个定语从句，先行词是a point，关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以填关系副词where。 （5）考查名词。句意：珊瑚将会死亡，北极熊将完全失去它们的栖息地，干旱和暴风雨等极端天气将会以更高的频率发生。该空作句子主语用名词，单数或复数均可，所以填weathers/weath

31、er。 （6）考查名词。句意：珊瑚将会死亡，北极熊将完全失去它们的栖息地，干旱和暴风雨等极端天气将会以更高的频率发生。介词之后，用名词，所以填frequency。 （7）考查副词。句意：几十年前，当气候问题的科学研究刚刚起步时，其影响可能会被视为未来几代人的问题，但现在这绝对是我们的问题，我们都生活在一起的转变。修饰整个句子，用副词，所以填definitely。 （8）考查冠词。句意：几十年前，当气候问题的科学研究刚刚起步时，其影响可能会被视为未来几代人的问题，但现在这绝对是我们的问题，我们都生活在一起的转变。特指这个转变，用定冠词，所以填the。 （9）考查介词。句意：然而，仅仅理解这些信息

32、是远远不够的。get through /across固定短语，“理解”，故填through/across。 （10）考查虚拟语气。that we 10 ( take) rapid and dramatic action now.是一个宾语从句，urge之后的宾语从句，宾语从句中用should + 动词原形，should可以被省略的虚拟语气，所以填(should)take。 【点评】本题考点涉及代词，非谓语动词，定语从句，名词，副词，冠词，介词以及虚拟语气等多个知识点的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正

33、确的单词形式。5阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The more advanced technology becomes, the more it seems to have control over our lives. We shop, work, play, search for information and seek _ (chat) with each other online. Yet people are not arguing about this astonishing condition. It _ (believe) that peop

34、le have readily embraced technology, seeking only the benefits but _ (ignore) its drawbacks. It does not matter whether your home is in a _ (noise) downtown or in the remote countryside. If you have a screen _ it can pick up a signal, your mind is still in the same placeless place. This place is the

35、 zone _ your mind will go when you stare at a screen, and it feels like your mind stops thinking. Recent developments in technology also led to a decline in normal social behaviors. In past ages, you could walk around town for a whole day without seeing all the people you know. Now, everyone you kno

36、w is _ arms reach, taking that certain psychological feeling out of seeing people. You can see them every second of every day, and hear nearly every single thought of theirs just as they hear _ (you). In _ (conclude), modern technology can be a double-edged sword. They do have their advantages, but

37、they can change our lives _ (complete).【答案】 to chat；is believed；ignoring；noisy；and；where；within；yours；conclusion；completely 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，论述了现代技术是一把双刃剑。它们确实有自己的优势，但它们可以彻底改变我们的生活。 （1）考查非谓语动词。句意：我们在网上购物、工作、娱乐、搜索信息和聊天。语seek to do sth.固定短语，“试图做，设法做某事”，故填to chat。 （2）考查时态语态。句意：人们相信，人们已经欣然接受了技术，只追求它 的 好

38、处而忽略了它的缺点。It is believed that固定句式，“人们相信”，故填is believed。 （3）考查非谓语动词。句意：人们相信，人们已经欣然接受了技术，只追求它 的 好处而忽略了它的缺点。本空与上文”seeking only the benefits“构成并列非谓语结构，故填ignoring。 （4）考查形容词。句意：不管你的家是在闹市还是在偏远的农村。downtown为名词需要形容词修饰，故填noisy。 （5）考查连词。句意：如果你有一个屏幕，它可以接收到一个信号，你的思想仍然在同一个地方。结合上下文语境可知为承接关系，故填and。 （6）考查定语从句。句意：当你盯着

39、屏幕的时候，你的大脑会进入这个区域，你会觉得大脑停止思考了。本句为定语从句修饰先行词place，且先行词在从句中做地点状语，故填where。 （7）考查介词。句意：现在，你认识的每个人都在你的触手可及的范围内，把那种特定的心理感受带离与人交往。within arms reach固定短语，“伸手可及的范围内”，故填within。 （8）考查代词。句意：你每时每刻都能看到他们，几乎能听到他们的每一个想法，就像他们听到你的一样。此处做hear的宾语需要用名词性物主代词，故填yours。 （9）考查名词。句意：总之，现代技术是一把双刃剑。in conclusion固定短语，“总之”，故填conclus

40、ion。 （10）考查副词。句意：它们确实有自己的优势，但它们可以彻底改变我们的生活。修饰动词change应用副词形式，故填completely。 【点评】本题考点涉及非谓语动词，时态语态，连词，定语从句，介词，代词，名词以及副词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。6阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Ever wondered how many calories are in the human body? Or ever wonder

41、ed why old people have _(big) ears than they used to? The winners of Ig Nobel Prizes (搞笑诺贝尔奖) have got the answers. He Ig Nobel Prizes, founded in 1991, are to honor achievements _first make people laugh, and then make them think, The ceremony _(take) place at Harvard University every year. Winners

42、acceptance _(speech) are limited to 60 seconds, _(strict) policed by an eight-year-old girl. The honored research might seem ridiculous _first sight, but that doesnt mean it lacks scientific value. For example, the research in 2006 on why dry spaghetti tends to break into more than two pieces was im

43、portant _(discover) failure in bridge spans (跨度) or human bones And a follow-up paper _(publish) by MIT physicists several years later. But people are more likely to read about _(break) spaghetti than to read an academic paper. Even when there is no immediate usefulness, _is still good to encourage

44、people to observe and think.【答案】 bigger；that/ which；takes；speeches；strictly；at；to discover；was published；breaking；it 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，搞笑诺贝尔奖听起来似乎很搞笑,但是这并不意味着它缺乏科学价值。 （1）考查形容词。句意：或者想知道为什么老年人的耳朵比以前大? 根据句意和than可知这里要用形容词的比较级,故填bigger。 （2）考查定语从句。分析可知空格处引导限定性定语从句,先行词为achievements,指物。空格处在句中做主语所以要用that或者whi

45、ch引导这个定语从句,故填that/which。 （3）考查主谓一致和时态。分析可知take在句中做谓语。这里介绍的是一般事实,要用一般现在时。主语the ceremony为单数,谓语动词也要用单数,故填takes。 （4）考查名词。speech为可数名词,根据后面的are判断这里要用其复数形式,故填speeches。 （5）考查副词。空格处修饰动词police要用副词,故填strictly。 （6）考查介词。句意：乍一看,这项久享盛名的研究似乎很荒谬,但这并不意味着它缺乏科学价值。at first sight固定短语，乍一看；一看到.就,故填at。 （7）考查非谓语动词。这里使用了sth/s

46、b+be+adj+to do的结构,故填to discover。 （8）考查语态时态。本句的事情已经发生,事情发生在过去要用一般过去时。谓语动词publish和主语a follow-up paper是被动关系,要用被动语态。a follow-up paper是单数,谓语动词也要用单数。故填was published。 （9）考查非谓语动词。about为介词,后面的动词要用动名词形式,故填breaking。 （10）考查代词。句意：即使没有立竿见影的效果,鼓励人们去观察和思考也是好的。根据句意,分析可知在主句中,to encourage people to observe and think是真

47、正的主语,要用it做形式主语,故填it。 【点评】本题考点涉及形容词，定语从句，主谓一致，名词，副词，非谓语动词，时态语态以及代词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。7阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On our way to the house, it was raining _hard that we couldnt help wondering how long it would take _(get) there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.