第14章状语从句高中高考英语知识汇总(真题+解析+教程+练习+答案)(DOC 14页).doc

1、第十四章 状语从句第一节 真题精析1.Simon thought his computer was broken _ his little brother pointed out that he had forgotten to turn it on.【05北京春】A.untilB. unlessC.afterD. because2.It is almost five years _ we saw each other last time.【05北京春】A.before B. since C.afterD. when3. Roses need special care _ they can l

2、ive through winter. 【04全国】A. because B. so that C. even if D. as 4. _you call me to say youre not coming, Ill see you at the theatre. 【04全国】 A. Though B. Whether C. Until D. Unless5. There were dirty marks on her trousers _ she had wiped her hands.【04全国】 A. where B. which C. when D. that6. Several w

3、eeks had gone by_ I realized the painting was missing. 【04全国】A. as B. before C. since D. when7We were told that we should follow the main road we reached the central railway station. 【04辽宁卷】Awhenever Buntil Cwhile Dwherever8. It was evening we reached the little town of Winchester. 【04天津卷】A. that B.

4、 until C. since D. before9. You can eat food free in my restaurant _you like. 【04重庆卷】A. whenever B. wherever C. whatever D. however10. Parents should take seriously their childrens requests for sunglasses _ eye protection is necessary in sunny weather. 【04上海卷】A. because B. through C. unless D. if11G

5、enerally speaking , according to the directions , the drug has no side effect . 【2003上海】Awhen taking Bwhen taken Cwhen to take Dwhen to be taken12.Come and see me whenever_.【2003北京】A. you are convenient B. you will be convenientC. it is convenient to you D. it will be convenient to you13. You should

6、 make it a rule to leave thingsyou can find them again.【NMET1999】A. when B. where C. then D. there14. After the war, a new school building was put up _there had once been a theatre. A. that B. where C. which D. when 【NMET1997】15. Why do you want a new job_ youve got such a good one already? 【NMET199

7、8】 A. that B. where C. which D. when16. John plays football _ , if not better than, David. 【MET1994】 A. as well B. as well as C. so well D. so well as17. Well have to finish the job,. 【NMET1999】A. long it takes however B. it takes however longC. long however it takes D. however long it takes18. _, M

8、other will wait for him to have dinner together. 【NMET1997】 A. However late is he B. However he is late C. However is he late D. However late he is19. If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, great it is. 【NMET1995】 A. what B. howC. however D. Whatever20. John shut everybody ou

9、t of the kitchen ,_ he could prepare his grand surprise for the party. 【NMET2002】 A. which B. when C. so that D. as if21. Dont be afraid of asking for help it is needed.【NMET2003】Aunless BsinceCalthough Dwhen22. Someone called up in the middle of the night, but they hung up _ I could answer the phon

10、e. 【NMET2000】A. as B. since C. until D. before23Dad , Ive finished my assignment . Good , and you play or watch TV, you mustnt disturb me . 【2003上海】Awhenever Bwhether Cwhatever Dno matter【答案与解析】1. A该题是根据交际情景考查连词的用法。据题意：西蒙认为他的计算机坏了，一直到他弟弟指出他忘了开机。得知选until意为：到为止。2. B该题是根据交际情景考查连词的用法。“It is +时间+since”意为

11、“自多少时间了”是固定句型。句意：自从上次我们见面已有五年了。3B 该题考查从属连词引导目的状语从句的用法。根据语境此处是表示目的因此选择B. so that。句意：玫瑰花需要特别的护理，才能过冬。4. D该题根据交际情景考查从属连词引导条件状语从句的用法。从逻辑关系看say you re not coming是see you的条件。假设关系。句意：除非你打电话说你不来了，我就要在剧院见你。5. A 该题考查where引导的地点状语从句的用法。句意：她的裤子在她擦手的地方有脏点。6. B 该题根据交际情景考查丛属连词引导时间状语从句的用法。关键是主句的时态是过去完成时，表示过去只过去。因此此处

12、选择before指“在时间之前”。句意：我意识到油画丢了时，已经过去了好几个星期了。7B该题根据交际情景考查引导状语从句的连词的用法。根据句意：有人告诉我们说我们应当沿大路一直走直到走到中心火车站为止。应当选择until。8. D该题考查时间状语从句的用法。据题意it是代词，代替时间，故选before。句意：我们还没到温彻斯特城天就黑了。9. A 该题考查时间状语从句的用法。关键词food free in my restaurant，有地点、方式和事物因此，此处选择时间。句意：无论你愿什么时候来我的饭馆里吃饭，都免费。10. A考查装语从句的用法。整个句子的前后两部分为因果关系，因此，A正确。

13、句意：父母应该认真对待孩子对太阳镜的要求，因为，在有阳光的天气里太阳镜是必需的。答案与解析11.B 考查状语从句，当状语从句的主语如果与从句的主语相同，并有助动词be时，可以省略主语与be。B为正确答案。12.C该题考查交际情景中动词时态和形容词convenient的使用。在whenever引导的时间状语从句中要用一般现在时态，不能用将来时态，convenient意为：便利的, 方便的。指的是某物或者是某事对某人来说很方便，主语不能是人。故选C。题意：你什么时候方便，什么时候来看我。13.B该题考查where引导地点状语从句的用法。句意：你应当养成习惯，将东西放在你能找到的地方。14.B 该题

14、考查where引导的地点状语从句的用法。句子的题干中没有先行词，故是由where引导的地点状语从句，意为“在地方”，相当于一个介词或副词短语作用。句意:战后，在以前的剧院处建了一所新学校。15.D该题考查when引导的状语从句的用法。When除了作“当.时”讲，还有其他意思，例如：“如果； 然而; 既然；考虑到;”讲。据题意，句中的when作“既然”讲。句意：既然已经有了一份这样好的工作，为什么还要找新工作？又如：Why use wood when you can use plastic? 既然能用塑料, 为什么还要用木料?16.B 该题考查比较状语从句的用法。该题的最大的干扰是if not

15、better than，如果将其去掉就很容易看出这是由asas引导的同级比较状语从句。句意：如果说John的足球踢的不比David好，至少和他踢的一样好。17.D 该题考查由however引导的让步状语从句语序的用法。状语从句应用陈述句语序，即“however + 形容词/副词+主谓结构”。句意：不管需要多长时间，我们都一定完成这项工作。18.D该题考查由however引导的让步状语从句语序的用法。状语从句应当用陈述句语序。即 “however + 形容词/副词+主谓结构。”句意：不论他多晚回家，他母亲都会等他一起用餐。19.C 该题考查由“wh-词+ever”引导的让步状语从句的用法。该题的

16、关键词是great，因其是形容词，故选however，whatever后面多接名词。“wh-词+ever”强调任意性，泛指；“wh-词”强调特指。句意：如果我们在工作中有坚强的意志，不管有多大困难，我们都能克服。20.C该题考查由so that引导目的状语从句的用法。so that 相当于 in order that，要根据逻辑推理he could prepare his grand surprise for the party.是前一句的目的,故用so that 引导目的状语从句。句意：John 把其他人关在厨房外，目的是能够为晚会烹饪出人意料的东西。21.D 该题考查when引导的状语从句

17、的用法。据题意：如果你需要时别不敢求援。得知此处是由when引导的状语从句，在这里when既表示时间还表示条件，此处when含有if的意思。When还有“如果；虽然， 然而；既然；考虑到”之意。22.D该题考查由before引导时间状语从句的用法。题意：有人半夜给我打电话，但是我还没来得及接他们就挂断了。用before引导时间状语从句强调挂断在接电话之前发生。23.B 考查whether引导的状语从句。句意：“爸爸，我已经做完作业了。”“好，你不论是玩还是看电视，你绝对不能打扰我。”第二节 考纲归纳状语从句(adverbial clause)在句中作状语，可修饰主句中的动词、形容词和副词等。状

18、语从句由从属连词引导。状语从句可放在句首或句末。放在句首时，从句后面常用逗号；放在句末时，从句前面往往不用逗号。状语从句根据它们的含义分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、方式、让步、条件、比较等九种。状语从句连词时间when, whenever, as, since, till, until, before, after, as soon as, once, the moment, immediately, the day, no sooner than, hardly(scarcely) when, the minute, the second, every(each) time地点Where

19、, wherever, everywhere条件if, unless, providing/provided that, as(so) long as, on condition that, suppose/supposing that, in case, only if, if only原因because, since, as, now that, seeing that, considering that, in that, in view of the fact that(鉴于)让步though, although, even if(though), as, while, whateve

20、r, wherever, whoever, however, no matter +wh词，for all that, granting/granted, whether or, in spite of the fact that, despite the fact that比较asas, not the same as, not soas, than方式as, as if(though) the way目的that, so that, in order that, in case, for fear that, lest结果so that, so that, such that, but t

21、hat一、时间状语从句1、while, when, whenever和as的用法比较（1）while常表示一段较长的时间或一个过程，强调主句的动词和从句的动词所表示的动作或状态是同时发生的。它不能表示一时性或短暂的动作。Dont talk so loud while( as) others are working.别人工作时，请勿大声说话。（2）when引导的时间状语从句，可指时间的一点，也可以指一段时间，从句的谓语动词可用终止性动词，也可用持续性动词。when引导的从句表示的具体的时间，从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时，也可以先于主句的动作。Whenever指任何一个不具体的时间。It was

22、 raining when we arrived. 我们到达时，天正下着雨。（动作同时，指时间点）When you read the poem a second time, the meaning will become clearer to you.当你再读一遍这首诗，你就更清晰它的含意。（动作有先后，指时间点，不能用while）Come whenever you like. 你爱什么时候来就什么时候来。（3）as用as时主句和从句的动作往往同时发生，具有延伸意义，一般同延续性动词连用，有时可译作“一边一边”。As time went on, his theory proved to be

23、correct.随着时间的推移，他的理论被证明是正确的。As（when）he finished the speech, the audience burst into applause.他讲话结束的时候，听众掌声雷动。（指一点时间不能用while）2、名词词组引导时间状语从句有时名词every time(每次)，the next time(下一次)，the next day(第二天)，the moment(一就)， the instant, the second, the year等，也可起从属连词的作用，引导时间状语从句。Every time you get back at night, y

24、ou drop your shoes on the floor.你每一次晚上回来，都把鞋子丢在地板上。3、副词作连词用引导时间状语从句有些副词如instantly, immediately，instantly，directly, presently等也可起从属连词的作用，引导时间状语从句，表示一就的意思。I recognized her instantly I saw her.我一看见她就把她认出来了。4、since和before的用法比较两者均可用于It+ be.+since/before-从句的句型。区别在于since表示“自从以来”，所在主、从句的谓语动词的时态关系是:It is/has

25、 been sometime since sb. did sth.。而before的含义是 “(过了多久)才”，主、从句的时态关系是:It was/had been some time before sb. did sth.。表过去和将来时，两者相应的句型分别是:It was some time since sb. had done sth.和It will be some time before sb. does sth.It is 30 years since he joined the revolution. 他参加革命己三十年了。It was three days before he

26、came back. 他三天后才回来。It was not long before he came back. 不久他就会来了。二、地点状语从句地点状语从句一般由where(在地方; 那里)，wherever(无论哪里)和everywhere(在每一个地方)引导。After the war, a new school building was put up where there had once been a theatre. 战后，一所新学校在以前的剧院处建成。You should make it a rule to leave things where you can find them

27、 again. 你应当养成惯例，将东西放在你能找到的地方。She found her calculator where she lost it. 他在她丢的地方找到了计算器。Everywhere they went, the distinguished guests were warmly welcomed.贵宾每到一处都受到了热烈的欢迎。注意：where除了表示地点外，还可以表示条件、对比和让步。Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者事竟成。（条件）We want to stay at home, where children would rath

28、er spend the holiday in the country.我们想留在家里，而孩子们却愿到乡间度假。（对比）Wherever I went, the dog followed me. 无论我走到哪里，这只狗总跟着我。（让步）三、原因状语从句原因状语从句一般由because(因为)，since(既然)，as(由于)，now that(既然，因为)等连词引导1、because, since, as, for和now that引导原因状语从句（1）because表示直接的原因或理由，表示原因的语气最强，常表示必然的因果关系。回答以why引起的特殊疑问句，只能用because。 Jane

29、wore a raincoat because it was raining.因为天下雨，所以詹穿着雨衣。（2）since表示对方已经知晓、无须加以说明的原因或事实，语气比because稍弱。Ill do it for you since you are busy.既然你忙，我来替你做吧。 Since you insist, Ill go.既然你坚持，那我就去。（3）as表示的往往是十分明显的原因，听者或读者已经知道或能看得出来，语气较弱，只附带说明，比较口语化。We had better hurry as its getting dark.因为天快要黑了，我们最好快点。As you obje

30、ct, Ill change the plan.由于你反对，我将改变计划。（4）forfor是并列连词，它引导的分句不表示直接的原因，而是用来附带解释或说明前面一句的情况。for引导的分句常位于第一分句之后，它们之间用逗号隔开。It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet this morning.昨晚准是下雨了，今天早上地面还是湿的。The day breaks, for the birds are singing.小鸟在歌唱，一定是天亮了。（5）now that意为既然，与since同义，但更突出事实本身。Now that ev

31、eryone is here, lets begin our meeting.既然大家都来了，我们就开始开会吧。Now that I am well again, I can go on with my work.我既然恢复了健康，那就可以继续工作了。2、seeing that, considering that和in that引导原因状语从句 这几个连词同since, as 近义，都有“鉴于某个事实，原因”是之意。 Considering that hes only been learning English a year, he speaks it very well.鉴于他只学了一年，

32、他英语讲得就是很好。 Seeing that he was ill, they sent for the doctor.鉴于他病情严重，他们派人请医生。 In that she is ill, she feels unable to do it.因为病了，她觉得不能做那件事。3、not thatbut that引导原因状语从句这是一种加强语气的表示原因的结构，意为“不是因为，而是因为”Not that I dont like the film, but that I have no time for it.不是因为我不喜欢这部电影，而是因为我没时间看。The soldiers essentia

33、l honor was not that he killed his enemy, but that he was willing to die.军人的真正光荣不是杀敌，而是不惜牺牲。四、目的状语从句1、that，so that，in order that引导目的状语从句目的状语从句由that，so that，in order that等引导。从句中的谓语动词前常有情态动词may、might、can、could、will, would等。John shut everybody out of the kitchen so that he could prepare his grand surpr

34、ise for the party. 约翰把其他人关在厨房外，目的是能够为晚会烹饪出人意料的东西。These men risk their lives in order that we may live more safely. 这些人甘冒生命危险，是为了让我们活得更安全些。2、lest, for fear that和in case引导目的状语从句 这三个连词词组的意思是“以防，以免”。lest的从句一般要用虚拟语气，形式是“should+动词原形”或省掉should。for fear that和in case从句一般用虚拟语气，但有时也可以用陈述语气。I obeyed her lest sh

35、e should be angry. 我得顺着她，免得她生气。Take a hat with you in case the sun is very hot. 倘若太阳很利害，你就把帽子戴上。五、结果状语从句1、so that，sothat, suchthat引导结果状语从句 So difficult did I feel it to live in an English-speaking country that I determined to learn English well.我感到在讲英语的国家里生活太难了，因此我决定学好英语。He worked hard so that he pa

36、ssed the exam. 他学习很努力，结果通过了考试。He spoke for such a long time that people began to fall asleep.他讲了那么长时间，人们开始打起瞌睡了。2、sothat与suchthat的区别这两种结构都可引导结果状语从句。so是副词，后接形容词或副词；such是形容词，后接名词。（1）单数名词在so.that与such.that中间出现的是单数名词，且该名词前有形容词修饰时，这两种结构可互换，但要注意它们的词序不同:such+ a/an+形容词十名词=so+形容词+a/an+名词。She is such a good t

37、eacher that all of us love her.= She is so good a teacher that all of us love her.她是一位很好的老师，我们都敬爱她。（2）不可数名词或复数可数名词如果被修饰的是不可数名词或复数可数名词时，一般须用such.that。He made such rapid progress that before long he began to write articles in English.他进步很快，不久就开始用英语写文章。(不可数名词)They are such interesting books that we all

38、 want to read them.这些书是那么有趣以致我们都想读一读。(复数可数名词)（3）名词前有many，much，little，few修饰时如果不可数名词或复数可数名词前有many，much，little，few修饰时，则用sothat。Ive had so many falls that Im black and blue all over.我摔了好多次跤，周身青一块紫一块的。(复数可数名词)George had so little money that he had to get a job.乔治没有钱，所以他不得不找工作干。(不可数名词)They are such little

39、 children that they cant do anything.他们是小孩,什么事情都干不了。教你巧学巧记:名前such，形、副so，多多少少也用so。little属特殊，“小”用such，“少”用so。3、如何判断so that引导的目的状语从句与结果状语从句（1）当表达的含义是“为了”、“以便”时，为目的状语从句；当表达的是“以至于”、“因此”含义时，为结果状语从句。If you do know, answer in a loud enough voice so that all the class may hear.(目的状语从句)如果你的确知道，应大声回答，以便让全班学生都可

40、以听见。It rained hard the day before yesterday, so that she had to stay at home.(结果状语从句)前天雨下得很大，因此她只好呆在家里。（2）当从句的谓语动词有情态动词can, could, may, might等时，是目的状语从句；当从句里没有情态动词，且谓语动词是一般现在时（过去时）、现在完成时等时态时，是结果状语从句。We stopped at Salt Lake City so that we could(might)visit the monument to seagulls. (目的状语从句)我们在盐湖城逗留，以

41、便可以参观为海鸥修的纪念碑。They have walked a long way, so that we are all tired. (结果状语从句)他们走了很长的路，所以都很累。（3）当从句之前的so that可用in order that代替时，是目的状语从句；反之，是结果状语从句。We now study hard so that we may work well in the future.(=We now study hard in order that we may work well in the future. (目的状语从句)我们现在努力学习是为了将来更好地工作。(4)当

42、so that之前有逗号时，是结果状语从句；反之，是目的状语从句The story is very interesting, so that I like it very much.(结果状语从句)这部小说很有趣，因而我非常喜欢。六、比较状语从句比较状语从句一般由asas(和一样)，not as/soas(与不一样)，than(比),the more, the more(越越)引导。The director gave me a better offer than he gave Dick.导师给我的提议比给狄克的好。In recent years travel companies have s

43、ucceeded in selling us the idea that the further we go, the better our holiday will be.近几年旅游公司已成功地对我们公众宣传了去得越远，假日越好的观点。John plays football as well as, if not better than, David. 如果说约翰的足球踢的不比大卫好，至少和他踢的一样好。I cant run as/so fast as he can. 我不能跑得他那样快。教你巧学巧记:Than后面的代词是用主格还是用宾格?下列两句中，than分别用了I和me，两者都正确：Sh

44、e is older than me.(口语中常用)She is older than I(am)(较正式文体常用)但是，在有些句子中，用主格和用宾格，句子会截然不同。John likes Henry more than I. John likes Henry more than me.我们知道，than用作连词，它的后面省略了一个比较(方式)状语从句。现在我们把以上两句补充完整。John likes Henry more than I like Henry. John likes Henry more than he likes me.看得出，第一句的意思是：约翰比我更喜欢亨利。第二句的意思

45、是：约翰喜欢亨利胜过喜欢我。那么，在什么情况下，than后面的人称代词用主格？什么情况下用宾格？一、如果主句谓语是不及物动词，than后面的人称代词用主格或宾格均可，且意义无区别。例如：She draws better than I(me).它画得比我好。要注意：如果人称代词后面有all时，人称代词一般用宾格。She draws better than them all.二、如果主句谓语是及物动词，且than后面的名词或代词又与动词连用时，than后面的人称代词只能用主格。例如：He loves the dog more than his wife does.他比他的妻子更爱这条狗。三、如果主句谓语是连系动词be, than后面的人称代词用主格或宾格均可，且意义无区别。例如：He is taller than I(me).他比我长得高。四、如果主句谓语是及物动词，特别是like, love, hate等及物动词，than后面的人称代词用用主格或宾格均可， 但句意不同。逻辑上，这些及物动词既能与人称代词构成“主谓关系”，又能构成“动宾关系”。因此，用主格时，后面省去了主句中的谓语和宾语；用宾格时省去了句子的主语和谓语。例如：I like the boy better than she.=I like the boy better than she likes the