中考英语复习-定语从句课件.ppt

1、1初中英语什么是什么是定语从句定语从句？在复合句中作定语，修饰主句在复合句中作定语，修饰主句中中某一名词某一名词或或代词代词的从句。的从句。先判断先行词是人还是物。先判断先行词是人还是物。确定关系代词或关系副词代替先行词在确定关系代词或关系副词代替先行词在定语从句中充当何种句子成分。定语从句中充当何种句子成分。还原定语从句，检验先行词在定语从句充还原定语从句，检验先行词在定语从句充当的成分。当的成分。123突破口基本结构The noodles that I cooked were delicious.先行词先行词关系词关系词定语从句定语从句She is a teacher who is a w

2、oman.关系词定语从句先行词关系词的选择1.如果先行词是表示物的名词或代词，关系代词应用that、which。（1）which/that 作主语(不能省)This is a dream.The dream will never come true.This is a dream that/which will never come true.that/which先行词关系词定语从句（2）which/that 作宾语（可省略）This is the card.Ive just received the card.This is the card(which/th)Ive just receiv

3、ed.that/which 先行词关系词定语从句2.如果先行词是表示人的名词或代词，关系词应用who,that 或 whom。（1）who/that 作主语.(不能省)This is the film star.The film star is very popular in China.This is the film star who is very popular in China.who/that先行词关系词定语从句（2）who/whom/that 作宾语(可省略)The man is a famous writer.He described the man just now.The

4、man(who/whom/that)he described just now is a famous writer.(who/whom/that)先行词关系词定语从句3.whose 作定语,表示所属关系。既可以指人，也可以指物。The boy is my classmate.The boys father is a policeman.The boy whose father is a policeman is my classmate.先行词关系词定语从句4.如果先行词是表示地点的名词，关系词应用where（作状语）。I want to know the place.I was born

5、there.I want to know the place where I was born.where先行词关系词定语从句疑难辨析疑难辨析This is the only one of the best books that has ever been written on the subject.先行词关系代词作主语谓语动词【点拨】在“the only one of the+复数名词+定语从句”中，one 是先行词，关系代词在定语从句中作主语，谓语动词用单数。This is the most exciting match _ I have ever watched.A.who B.whi

6、ch C.that D.whom形容词最高级【点拨】考查定语从句关系代词的选择。句意：这是我曾经看过的最令人兴奋的比赛。先行词是match，排除A、D，先行词由形容词最高级修饰的时候，关系代词必须是that。I.I.主语和谓语一致主语和谓语一致The boy who is standing at the door is my son.1.1.关系关系代词代词作作主语，谓语动词与先行词保持一致。主语，谓语动词与先行词保持一致。关系代词作主语关系代词作主语先行词先行词谓语动词谓语动词易错警示易错警示2.2.在在“one of the+复数名词复数名词+定语从句定语从句”中，复数名词是先中，复数名词

7、是先行词，关系代词在定语从句中作主语行词，关系代词在定语从句中作主语，谓语动词用复数形式。谓语动词用复数形式。This is one of the best books that have ever been written on the subject.one of the+复数名词复数名词+定语从句定语从句先行词先行词复数名词复数名词关系代关系代词词作主语作主语谓语动谓语动词词关系词在从句中关系词在从句中充当主语或宾语，用关系代词充当主语或宾语，用关系代词引导从句引导从句。This is the school where Mr.Cheng works.This is the school

8、that Mr.Cheng set up ten years ago.关系副词关系副词先行词表地点的名词先行词表地点的名词在从句中做状语在从句中做状语关系词在从句中充当状语，用关系副词引导定关系词在从句中充当状语，用关系副词引导定语语从句；从句；先行词表地点的名词先行词表地点的名词关系代词关系代词在从句中做宾语在从句中做宾语II.II.用关系代词还是关系副词用关系代词还是关系副词The school(that/which)he once studied in is very famous.The school in which he once studied is very famous.关系

9、代词（指物）关系代词（指物）=介词介词+which 关系代词关系代词=介词介词+which/whom Well go to hear the famous singer(whom/that/who)we have often talked about.Well go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked.关系代词（指人）关系代词（指人）=介词介词+whom 关系副词关系副词=介词介词+关系代词关系代词(which)I wont forget the date on which I was born.I wont fo

10、rget the date when I was born.when=in/on/at+whichThis is the room in which I lived.This is the room where I lived.where=in/on/at+whichThis is the reason why he came late.This is the reason for which he came late.why=for+which I like the city the people are really kind and friendly.A.that B.whichC.wh

11、ereD.who（兰州中考兰州中考）解析：解析：考查定语从句关系词的选择。句意：我喜欢这座城考查定语从句关系词的选择。句意：我喜欢这座城市，这儿的人们很善良、友好。先行词市，这儿的人们很善良、友好。先行词the citythe city表示地点，表示地点，在定语从句中作状语，所以关系词选在定语从句中作状语，所以关系词选wherewhere。答案：答案：C那位老师给的建议是多么有价值啊！那位老师给的建议是多么有价值啊！_（常州中考）What valuable advice/suggestions the teacher gave you!解析：解析：考查定语从句和感叹句。考查定语从句和感叹句。“

12、建议建议”，指事物，有两种表，指事物，有两种表达：达：adviceadvice和和suggestionsuggestion。adviceadvice是不可数名词，是不可数名词，suggestionsuggestion是可数是可数名词，且在句中是先行词，故关系词用名词，且在句中是先行词，故关系词用thatthat或或whichwhich，不作主语，不作主语，可省略；感叹句结构：可省略；感叹句结构：What+What+形容词形容词+名词复数名词复数/不可数名词不可数名词+句子！句子！答案：答案：What valuable advice/suggestions the teacher gave you!本课结束