八年级英语下册知识点总复习-下课件(人教版).ppt

1、八年级下初二英语知识点总复习一、重点词组join the English club 加入英语俱乐部host the 2008 Olympics 举办2008年奥运会fill out 填出好 go on 发生；进行all the interesting places 所有有趣的地方 quite a lot 相当多make friends with与交朋友 be afraid 恐怕 be free 有空 see you then 再见win the first gold medal 赢得第一枚金牌get 28 gold medals 获得28枚金牌the winner of the first g

2、old medal 第一枚金牌的获胜者every four years 每四年;每隔三年behave well 举止得体 improve the environment 改善环境plant trees and grass 种植花草树木 a symbol of 一种的象征stand for 代表 do morning exercises 做早操 be fond of(doing)sth.喜欢(做)某事二、重点句型Could you tell me your name?=Whats your name?你能告诉我你的名字吗?What do you do?=Whats your job?=What

3、are you?你是干什么的?Beijing will host the 2008 Olympics.北京将主办2008年奥运会More and more foreign friends ride in my taxi(=take my taxi)now.现在越来越多的外国朋友搭我的出租车.Speaking English will help me a lot.说英语将对我有很大帮助.Please fill it out.请把它填好.What will the weather be like this weekend?=How will the weather be this weekend?

4、本周末的天气怎样?There will be more roads in Beijing.在北京将会有更多的马路.When shall we meet?我们什么时候见面？Lets make it half past six.咱们把时间定在六点半吧。三.重点语言点fill out+名词“填好”fill+名词/代词+out Please fill out this form.=Please fill this form out.请填好这张表格.Please fill it/them out.(当宾语是代词时,只能放中间)请把它(们)填好.be afraid “恐怕”指有礼貌地、委婉地拒绝别人.be

5、 afraid of “害怕(做)”e.g.Im afraid I wont be free.我恐怕没有空.He is afraid of dogs.他害怕狗.They are afraid of losing the game.他们害怕输了比赛.may be“可能是”may是情态动词+be maybe “或许;可能”maybe是副词 e.g.He may be a teacher.=Maybe he is a teacher.他可能是一名老师.He may know her name.=Maybe he knows her name.他可能知道她的名字.between 在两者之间 among

6、 在三者或三者当中 e.g.The answer is between A and B.答案在A和B 之间.The winner is among of us.获胜者在我们当中.There be 句型的一般将来时 正:There will be a sports meeting in our school this weekend.=There is going to be a sports meeting in our school this weekend.误:There will have a sports meeting in our school this weekend.=Ther

7、e is going to have a sports meeting in our school this weekend.四、交际用语提建议的句型:Would you like to go hiking with us?你想和我们一起去远足吗?What/How about going hiking with us?和我们一起去远足怎么样?Why dont you go hiking with us?你为什么不和我们一起去远足呢?Why not go hiking with us?为什么不和我们为什么不和我们一起去远足呢?呢?Lets go hiking.让我们一起去远足吧!Would yo

8、u mind going hiking with us?你介意和我们一起去远足吗?Would you please go hiking with us?和我们一起去远足好吗?一、重点短语have a cold/a toothache/a fever/a cough/a backache/a stomachache/a sore throat/the flu/sore eyes 感冒/牙疼/发烧/咳嗽/背疼胃疼/咽喉发炎/流感/眼疼take a rest=have a rest 休息 not read for too long 不要看书太久boiled water 开水 stay in bed

9、卧病在床，躺在床上have a good sleep 好好睡一觉 feel terrible 感觉难受day and night 日日夜夜 Youd better=You had better 你最好-not so well 很不好 not too bad 没什么大碍=nothing serious much better 好多了 go to see a doctor 去看病take/have some medicine 吃药 take-to-把-带到-send-to-把-送到-hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的热茶lie down 躺下 look after=take care

10、of 照看，照顾brush teeth 刷牙 have an accident 发生一次意外/事故Dont worry 别担心 worry about 担心-nothing serious 没什么严重，没什么大碍 check over 诊断，仔细检查thank you for-因-而感谢你 buy-for-为-买-not-until-直到-才-ice cream 冰淇淋both-and-和-都是-take some cold pills 吃感冒药plenty of 许多，大量二、重点句型You should see a dentist.你应该去看牙医。这是一种表达建议的句子。还可以用以下句式：

11、youd better(not)-how/what about-why not/dont you-Im sorry to hear that.听到这个消息我很难过。这是表示同情别人的句子。You look pale.你看起来很苍白。（1）在英语中表示气色不好，苍白，不用white，而用pale （2）“look”在这里译作“看起来”，作连系动词，后接形容词。如：You look beautiful。你看起来很漂亮。与look用法相同的连系动词还有 taste，sound，smell，feel。如：The soup tastes very delicious.这汤尝起来真香。Your voice

12、 sound nice.你的声音听起来很动人。The flowers smell sweet.这些花闻起来很香。The silk feels smooth 丝绸摸起来很光滑。-Shall I take you to the hospital?我送你去医院吧？-No,thank you.不用，谢谢。Shall I do-需要我做-吗？take sb to sp.把某人送到某地Ill take some medicine and see how it goes.我打算先吃药看看情况再说。“goes”在这里指事情的进展。“it”用来代指病情。如：How is everything going?一切进

13、展如何？Everything is going well.一切进展顺利。Youd better drink hot tea with honey.你最好喝加蜂蜜的热茶。tea with honey 加了蜂蜜的茶，with表示一种伴随状态。类似的表达还有：some coffee with sugar and milk加了牛奶和糖的咖啡 some tea without sugar不加糖的茶Michael had an accident yesterday.昨天迈克发生了事故。had an accident发生了事故But my left leg still hurts when I move i

14、t.可是当我挪动脚时，还是有点儿疼。句中“hurt”译为“疼痛”，作不及物动词。后不可接宾语。e.g.my head hurts.一、重点短语stay up late熬夜 be bad for对-有害be good for对-有益 too much太多，过分do morning exercises做早操 keep long fingernails长长指甲play sports right进行适当的体育锻炼 go to school without breakfast不吃早餐去上学have a bath洗澡 take a fresh breath呼吸新鲜空气read-about-读关于-Rena

15、i English Post仁爱英语报ask sb to do叫某人做某事 give up放弃read in the sun在太阳底下看书 throw litter about乱扔垃圾on the lawn在草坪上 put-into-把-放进-exercise on an empty stomach空腹锻炼 get into进入keep the air clean and fresh保持空气清新 wash hands before meals饭前洗手potato chips炸薯条二、重点句型Staying up late is bad for your health.熬夜有害健康。stay u

16、p late熬夜 be bad for对-有害。be good for-对-有好处 staying up late is-动名词作主语。当我们需要一个动词充当主语时，常用此动词的动名词（即doing）形式。e.g.Playing basketball is good for your heath.打篮球对你的身体有好处。Reading in bed is bad for your eyes.躺在床上看书对眼睛有害。Swimming is my hobby.游泳是我的爱好。It will keep you active during the day.它会使你在白天保持活力。keep sth/sb

17、.+adj.保持某物/某人在某种状态。e.g.keep your fingersails clean.保持你的指甲干净。keep our streets clean.让街道保持干净。Different foods help us in different ways不同的食物对我们有不同的作用.in different ways.译为“用不同的方式”。If we eat too littele or too much food-如果我们吃太少或太多食物-little 少得几乎没有，表否定，修饰不可数名词。a little有一些，表示肯定，修饰不可数名词。与 little，a little类似的用

18、法的还有 few，a few。few少得几乎没有，表否定，修饰可数名词。a few有一些，表示肯定，修饰可数名词。Walking is good exercise and it is necessary for good health.散步是很好的锻炼，它是身体健康必不可少的。be necessary for-对-来说是必不可少的 如：e.g.Sunshine is necessary for our life.阳光对于我们的生活来说是必不可少的。Food is necessary for life.食物是生命所必需的。三、语法学习情态动词must及其否定形式 must not must 译为

19、“必须做-”其否定意义“不必做-”，用dont have to 表示，而不用must not。e.g.must I finish it tonight?No,you dont have to.而must not 译作“禁止做-”。e.g.You must not throw litter about.Dont throw litter about.别到处乱扔垃圾。情态动词may有两种含义，表示请求允许，译作“可以”。e.g.May I come in?我可以进来吗？表示推测，译作“可能”。e.g You may get a headache when you work too hard.当你工

20、作太累时你可能回会到头疼。You may get a headache when you cant get enough sleep.当你睡眠不足时，你可能会头疼。enough sleep 充足的睡眠。enough 修饰名词时放在前后均可；当它修饰形容词时，一般放在形容词后面。如：strong enough足够强壮重点短语hurry up快点，赶快go ahead（尤指经某人允许）开始，干下去，走在前面，领先do more exercise多锻炼 do some cleaning做扫除all the time一直 have to不得不，必须keep away远离-just a moment稍等

21、一会儿=wait a minuteget through拨通（电话）；通过 take care of照顾 care for照顾（病人）；照料；喜欢 talk with和-交谈enjoy oneself过得愉快 Chinese medicine中药since then从那时起 get lost丢失了，迷路on ones way to-在某人去-的路上 by mistake错误地ask for leave请假 healthy food健康食物 crowded places拥挤的地方 do ones best尽力 change clothes often常换衣服 wash hands often常洗

22、手 ring-up打电话给-=call sb.leave a message 留口信 take a message带口信 call-back给-回电话 take an active part in积极参加 the name of-的名称 what do you think of-？你认为-怎么样？have a good time=enjoy oneself过得愉快 next time下次 let-out让-出去 teach oneself on the Internet网上自学 be afraid of害怕-，恐惧-重点句型Sure,go ahead.当然可以，请问吧！ahead 意思是向前，

23、这里的go ahead原意为向前走，在这里译作继续问问题，相当于go onPlease tell my father to take care of himself 请告诉我爸爸照顾好自己。take care of 照顾，照料。同义词：look after tell sb to do sth ask sb to do sth want sb to do sth get sb to do sth 表示让某人去做某时事can I take a message?我能为您梢个口信吗？take a message 梢口信 leave a message 留口信 give a message to-给某人

24、一个口信Ill tell her when she comes back.她一回来我就告诉她。本句是由when引导的时间状语从句。当主句的动词用一般将来时时，从句一般用现在时。e.g.Hell phoneme when he arrives in Beijing.当他到北京时，他将回给我打电话。he took an active part in the battle against it.他积极投身于抗击“非典”的战斗中。against 与-相对抗 take part in-参加-；加入到某种活动中 take an active part in-积极参加，e.g.You should take

25、 an active part in the sports meet in your school.你应该积极参加你们学校的运动会。He cared for the patients.他日夜关心着病人。care for sb-关心某人Its my duty to save the patients.救治病人是我的职责。its-to do-做某事是-在此句式中，“to do-”是真正的主语，而“it”是形式主语，类似的句式有：Its dangerous to climb the tree.怕树很危险。Long time no see.好久没见！这是一句常用口语，在久别重逢的朋友之间，还可以说 “

26、Havent seen you for a long time！”。I tought myself on the Internet.我在网上自学。on the Internet 在网络上。介词on用来表示在网上、电视上、收音机里、电话里。如：on the phone，on the radio，on tv teach oneself自学，近义词组为：learn by oneself e.g.How often does Mr Brown exercise?布朗先生多长时间锻炼一次？how often对频率提问，回答用 once/twice/three times-a day/a week/-；e

27、xercise在这里为动词，意思是“锻炼，运动”。反身代词1.反身代词的形式2、反身代词的用法1）“by+反身代词”表示“单独地，独自一人地”。如：The boy couldnt make the model plane by himself那个男孩不能独自制作飞机模型。2）反身代词常与一些动词连用。如：“teach+反身代词”表示“自学”；“hurt+反身代词”表示“伤到自己”。如：Jane teaches herself English.简自学英语。Lily fell down and hurt herself yesterday.昨天莉莉自己摔伤了。注：反身代词与个别动词搭配使用，意思发

28、生变化。如：“help+反身代词+to-”表示“随便吃-”；“enjoy+反身代词”表示“-玩得开心”。e.g.Help yourself to some strawberries,please.请随便吃些草莓。They enjoyed themselves at the party last night.昨晚在晚会上他们玩得很开心。3）反身代词作名词或代词的同位语时，起加强语气的作用，可译为“亲自，本人”。如：e.g.You d better ask your teacher about it yourself.你最好亲自去问你的老师。hobby 爱好 vacation假期 painting

29、 绘画 friendship友谊 knowledge 知识 daily 每日的 whether 是否 such as 例如 used to do sth.过去常常做某事 take a bath 洗澡 be interested in 对感兴趣 go dancing 跳舞 go boating 划船 play volleyball 打排球 swimming 游泳 drawing 画画 collecting stamps 集邮 collecting coins 收藏硬币 listening to pop music 听流行音乐 listening to classical music 听古典音乐

30、listening to symphony 听交响乐 walking in the countryside 在乡间散步重点句型1.Wow!So many stamps!哇，那么多的邮票！本句意为：There are so many stamps.?so many意思是“那么多”，so much意思也是“那么多”。e.g.1）There are so many flowers.Or:?So many flowers！这里有这么多的花 2)There is so much water on the table.Or:So much water!桌子上有那么多的水。2.We can learn a

31、lot about people,places,history,and special times from stamps.通过这些邮票我们可以学到许多关于人文、地理、历史和特殊时代的知识。a lot“许多、大量”，用在动词后，同very much。e.g.1）She had told me a lot about how to learn English well.她告诉我许多有关怎样学好英语的方法。2）Thanks a lot.非常感谢。另外，a lot of 和lots of 的意思也是“许多、大量”，要用在名词前，在肯定句中常代替much，many。在口语中尤其如此。e.g.There

32、 are a lot of/lots of history books in the room.屋里有许多历史书。There is still a lot of/lots of snow on top of the house.房上仍有许多雪。We have had a lot of/lots of fruits.我们吃过许多水果。a lot of和lots of之间没有多大区别，都可以与可数名词和不可数名词连用。与不可数名词连用时，动词用单数，与可数名词连用时，动词用复数 What things do you love collecting?你喜欢集什么东西？love+doing表示“喜欢、

33、爱好”，也可以用like+doing e.g.I love listening to the music.我爱好听音乐。I love skating.我喜欢溜冰 I am interested in playing sports.我对运动感兴趣。be interested in(doing)sth.“对感兴趣”e.g.Im interested in reading books.我对读书特别感兴 Jack is interested in football.杰克对足球很感兴趣。What do you often do in your spare time?在你的业余时间里面你都做些什么啊？in

34、 ones spare time“在业余时间”“在闲暇之际”，也可用in ones free time替换。e.g.1）I shall do it in my spare time.我会在我的业余时间做这件事。2）In my free time I often go to the movies.在闲暇之际，我常去看电影。go+doing表示“去做某事”go+v-ing结构很常用，多用于体育活动和业余娱乐活动。e.g.1)Lets go fishing next Sunday.下星期天我们去钓鱼吧。2)Are you going hiking this weekend?这个周末你打算去远足吗？?

35、另外还有：go hunting 去打猎 go shooting 去射击 go swimming 去游泳 go bathing 去沐浴 go shopping 去购物 go climbing 去爬山And I do a lot of reading.我通常都是阅读一些书籍。在英语中有不少由“do+doing”的结构，表示“干某事”。e.g.散步 do some walking do a lot of walking 读书 do some reading do a lot of reading 洗衣服do some washing do a lot of washing 买东西 do some s

36、hopping do a lot of shoppingIm a movie fan.我是一个电影迷。fan(运动、电影等)狂热爱好者。如:a film/football/star fan 同时，fan作为名词还有“风扇”的意思，如：electric fan 电扇。I also rent VCDs and watch them at home.我也租一些VCD在家看。watch“观看、注视”。e.g.1)I like to watch TV.我喜欢看电视。2)Are you going to play or watch?你将参加比赛还是只是去看看？?Why not go out and do

37、some outdoor activities?为什么不走出去做一些户外运动呢？这是一个省略句，全句可以说成Why shall we not go out and do some outdoor activities?常在口语中使用，用来征求对方的意见或表达建议。使用这种句子必须要有上下文，e.g.1）Why not meet at the school gate?我们在校门口见面好吗？2）Why not run a little faster?为什么不跑快一点呢？some“一些、几个”，用在疑问句中,表示希望得到肯定回答。e.g.1）Would you like to give us som

38、e good advice?请给我们一些好的建议好吗？2）Would you like some coffee or tea?请问，你是想喝咖啡还是茶?Maybe I need a change.或许我需要改变。maybe“也许、可能、大概”。e.g.1）Maybe he will come,maybe he wont.也许他来，也许他不来。2）Is that true?那是真的吗？Maybe,I am not sure.也许,我也不敢肯定。?My interests are changing all the time.我的兴趣爱好总是在不断地改变。all the time“总是、一直”。e.

39、g.1）Why are you playing all the time?你为什么总是玩啊？2）Look at these monkeys,they are jumping all the time.看看这些猴子，它们一直跳个不停。?And I wasnt interested in sports at all.我对运动一点兴趣都没有。not.at all“一点也不”；“全然不”。e.g.1）I didnt mind it at all.我一点也不在意。2）Thank you for helping me.谢谢你帮助我。Not at all.没关系。3）He didnt know that a

40、t all.他对此事一无所知。But now,my hobbies are sports,like soccer and swimming.但是现在我的爱好是体育，比如足球和游泳。like“像，好比”。e.g.1)He swims very quickly like a fish.他游泳非常地快，像一条鱼。2)The cake is round like a moon.这块蛋糕是圆的，就像月亮一样。I never miss any important soccer games.我从未错过任何一场重要的足球比赛。never“未曾、从未”，表示否定。e.g.1)I have never met h

41、im before.我以前从未见过他。2)You have never been to the Great Wall,have you?你从未去过长城，是吗？I used to know little about paintings.我过去不太懂绘画。Little和few都含有否定的意思。表示“不多”；“很少”。little相当于not much,few相当于not many。little与不可数名词连用,few与可数名词复数连用。e.g.1)I have little time.我的时间很少。2)I understood little of his speech.他的话我没有明白多少。3)F

42、ew of the students passed the exam.没有几个学生考试及格。Few people would agree with him.没有多少人同意他。而a little和a few含有肯定的意思，表示“一些”；“几个”（虽然少，但有一些）。e.g.1)I know a little French.我多少还懂点儿法语。2)Theres a little water in the glass.杯子里还有点儿水。3)Can you stay a few days longer?你能多呆几天吗？4)I still have a few friends in Beijing.我在

43、北京还有几个朋友。?like,love,enjoy,preferlike意为“喜欢、爱好”，语气较弱，其后可跟名词、代词、不定式、动名词等作宾语。like也常跟复合宾语，宾语补足语常用动词不定式。如：Jack likes playing football.杰克爱踢足球。love意为“爱，热爱，喜欢”，常指对祖国、亲人及朋友的爱，也可用于事物，强调非常喜欢，具有较强的感情色彩。其后可跟名词、动名词、代词或不定式作宾语。如：Father loves his work.爸爸热爱他的工作。enjoy意为“喜欢，欣赏”，含有“乐于、享受之乐趣”之意，其后可以跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。enjoy one

44、self表示“玩得愉快”之意。如：The Greens enjoy living in China.格林一家喜欢在中国居住。prefer意为“宁愿、更喜欢”，常用于两者之间的选择，其后可跟名词、代词、动名词或不定式。prefer.to.表示“宁愿，不愿”，“喜欢而不喜欢”，其中to为介词，后可跟名词或动名词。如：Which do you prefer,tea or coffee?你比较喜欢喝茶，还是喝咖啡？Did you use to go swimming during summer vacations?在暑假里，你过去经常去游泳么？during“在的期间、在的时候”。e.g.1）The s

45、un gives us light during the daytime.太阳在白天给我们阳光。2)He called to see me during my absence.当我不在的时候他来访过我。I used to do that in the pond in front of my house.我过去常在我家门前的池塘里游泳。in front of“在的前面”；指在物体外部的前面。而in the front of“的前部”；指在物体内部的前面，即前部。注意它们的区别。试比较：1）There is a tall tree in front of my house.我家房前有一棵大树。2）

46、Dont stand in front of me.I cant see the blackboard.别站在我前面。我都看不见黑板了。3）The teacher is giving a lesson in the front of the classroom.老师在教室的前面讲课。4)The driver is sitting in the front of the car.司机坐在汽车的前面。Nobody.I taught myself.没有任何人，我自学的。teach oneself“自学、自修”。teach动词“教授、教”有些动词后常跟反身代词 e.g.enjoy oneself“过得

47、愉快”,help oneself“随便吃（用）”。e.g.1)She teaches history in our school.她在我们学校教历史。2)She taught his son English when he was 3 years old.她儿子3岁时，她就教他英语。3）Did you enjoy yourselves in the party?你们在舞会上玩得愉快吗？4）Help yourself to some fruit.请随便吃些水果吧。When they are free,people usually do what they like.当人们空闲的时候，他们总是做一

48、些自己喜欢的事情。free“有空、空闲”，be free可以替换为have time。e.g.1）Are you free this evening?=Do you have time this evening?你今天晚上有空吗？2)If I am free,I am going to visit the museum.=If I have time,I am going to visit the museum.如果有时间，我打算去参观博物馆。I call him Pink pig.The color of his skin is light pink.我叫他粉色，因为他的皮肤是淡粉色的。li

49、ght“淡色的、浅色的”，而dark的意思则是“深色的、暗淡的”。e.g.1)Which dress do you like,the light one or the dark one?你喜欢哪条裙子，浅色的还是深色的？2)It is dark now.Lets go home quickly.天黑了，咱们快点儿回家吧。Pink likes to have a bath.Pink喜欢洗澡。have a bath 洗澡短语 have a bath与动词bathe意思一样，但前者表示在有限的时间里进行某项活动。如：have a swim 游泳/have a talk谈一谈/have a wash洗

50、一洗/have a ride骑马/have a look看一看/have a rest休息一下 if与whether的区别。二者在引导宾语从句时一般可换用。e.g.He didnt understand if/whether the stranger told a lie.他不明白那个陌生人是否说的是假话。但下列几种情况不能换用。whether 后可紧接or not，而if一般不能。e.g.Let me know whether or not you can come.你能来还是不能来，请告诉我一声。whether引导的宾语从句可移到主句前，if则不能。e.g.Whether this is