英语动词的分类-课件.ppt
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- 英语 动词 分类 课件
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1、英语动词的分类表示动作或状态的词叫做动词。e.g.The boy runs fast.The boy is a student.定 义下面哪些词不是动词?raise they write the be become remains shall myself will done can must burning second wonderful care for nothing until dreamed 目 录01动词的基本形式系动词行为动词助动词0203040506情态动词重点动词及词组 第一部分动词的基本形式PART 0101 1.一般情况下,直接在动词词尾+s 如getgets;take
2、takes(一)主语为第三人称单数的动词变化规则 2.以 sh,ch,o,s,x,结尾的动词,在词尾+es 如teach teaches;fixfixes;gogoes 3.以辅音字母+y 结尾的动词,变y 为i,再+es 如study studies;trytries (a,e,i,o,u是元音字母,其他的21个都是辅音字母)4.特殊变化 have-has be-is do-does7takeExercise1.写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式sitcarryfly/flies/carriesplaysscomesstudy/studiesswimssaydrinksbrusheswashes
3、readsteachsguesssnowslookplantwatchesfinishspasssesesseses8Exercise1.He _ teeth every morning.A.brush B.brushes C.brushing2._ he swim every afternoon?A.Do B.Does C.Doing3.My father _a new bike.A.have B.has C.having4.John _ like his father.A.look B.looks C.lookes9(二)动词的现在分词1.一般情况下,直接在动词后加ing work-wor
4、king sleep-sleeping study-studying 2.动词以不发音的e结尾,要去e加ing take-taking make-making dance-dancing 3.以辅元辅结尾的,要双写末尾字母,再加ing cut-cutting put-putting begin-beginning stop-stopping swim-swimming shop-shopping sit-sitting get-getting(二)动词的现在分词4.以-ie结尾的动词变ie为y再加ing lie-lying tie-tying die-dying5.特殊 control-con
5、trolling travel-travel(l)ing picnic-picnicking12Exercise1.The boy _(draw)a picture now.2.Listen.Some girls _(sing)in the classroom.3.My mother _(cook)some nice food now.4.What _ you _(do)now?5.Look.They _(have)an English lesson.is drawingare singingis cookingaredoingare having13Exercise6.They _(not,
6、water)the flowers now.7.Look!the girls _(dance)in the classroom.8.What is our granddaughter doing?She _(listen)to music.9.Its 5 oclock now.We _(have)supper now10._Helen_(wash)clothes?Yes,she is.arent wateringare dancingis listeningare havingIs washing(三)过去式和过去分词的构成方法1.一般情况下,直接在动词后加ed work-worked-wor
7、ked ask-asked-asked 2.动词以e结尾,直接加d like-liked-liked 3.以辅元辅结尾的,要双写末尾字母,再加ed stop-stopped-stopped prefer-preferred-preferred 4.以辅音字母+y 结尾的动词,变y 为i,再+ed carry-carried-carried5.特殊 control-controlled travel-travel(l)ed picnic-picnicked15Exercise1.Lee _ his mobile phone at home.A.leave B.leaves C.leaved D.
8、left2._ he _ a good rest?No,he didnt.A.Do,had B.Did,have C.Did,had D.Was,had3.As soon as he _,he _ to his family.A.arrived,writes B.arrived,written C.arrived,wrote D.arriveds,write16Exercise4.Mr.Black was late because he _ his way.A.losted B.lose C.loses D.lost5.When _ Jack _ school this morning?A.d
9、id,got to B.did,get to C.did,get D.did,got6.Will you please say it again?I _ quite _ you.A.didnt,hear B.dont,heard C.didnt,heard D.dont,hear17Exercise7.He went into the room and _ the door.A.lock B.locking C.locks D.locked8.What _ you _ last week?I bought a bag.A.did,buy B.did,bought C.do,buy D.do,b
10、ought9.It was raining hard when he _ home.A.got B.get C.gets D.was getting注意:掌握五种形式的变化规律I work in the factory.He works in the office.We are dancing together.I caught a cold last week.1)She has watered the flower.动词的五种形式自己填填看worksworkedworked workingwriteswrotewrittenwritinghashadhadhavingdoesdiddone
11、doing实义动词表示行为、动作或状态的词,具有实在的意义,又称 为 行 为 动 词。如:play,give,listen助动词帮助实义动词构成各种时态和句型的动词。如:do,does,did,will系动词用来帮助说明主语“是什么”或“怎么样”的动词。如:be,look,smell,taste,sound,feel,become,get情态动词表示说话人情感和态度的词,后面接实义动词原形。如:can,may,must,need动词的 分类 第二部分 系动词PART 0202系动词 Link Verb 系动词,它本身有词义,但不能单独用作谓语,后边必须跟表语(通常为名词或形容词),构成系表结构
12、说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。e.g.I like music.I am interested in music.系动词They are students.He is ill.This kind of paper feels soft.This flower smells sweet.Keep quiet,pleaseHis advice proved right.Its getting dark.1)状态类系动词用来表示主语的性质或状态。意思“是”e.g.He is a teacher.He is ill.be动词口诀:我用 am,你用are is连着他她它 单数不可数记得用 is,复数
13、后面are,are,are。is他是一个男生。He is a boy.她是一个女生。She is a girl.它是一只小狗。It is a dog.The pencil is long.这只笔是长的。(某物)Kitty is thin.Kitty是痩的。(某人)The milk is white.牛奶是白色的。(不可数)areYou are a boy.You are friends.They are monkeys.My eyes are big.We are friends.用动词am,is,are填空(请注意大小写)1.Where _ Ann?She _ here.2.How old
14、_ you?I _ thirteen.3._ you Mr Read?Yes,I _.4.What _ your name?My name _ Fang Fang.5.What grade _ you in?I _ in Grade Two.isareamisAreisamisareamExercise1.They late.A.am B.is C.are2.You a student.A.am B.is C.are3.The cloud white.A.am B.is C.are4.I a student.You a teacher.A.am is B.am are C.is are5.We
15、 friends.A.am B.is C.are6.He my father.She my mother.They both doctors.A.is is are B.am is are C.is is ambe动词的否定句1.He is a teacher.He is not a teacher.2.They are twins.They are not twins.be动词后加notbe动词的缩写I am=Im You are=YoureHe is=Hes She is=We are=It is=They are=ShesWereItsTheyre否定形式的缩写:is not=isnt
16、are not=arent am not没有缩写形式!有Be动词的陈述句改为一般疑问句的基本步骤(1)He is Jack.She is Mary.找出be动词 将be动词放到最前面 首字母大写,原来的首字母改掉,其他照抄 句号改成问号is She Mary.Is she Mary.Is she Mary?Is he Jack?有Be动词的陈述句改为一般疑问句的基本步骤(2)I am Lucy.I am Mary.找出找出be动词动词 将将be动词放到最前面动词放到最前面 主语是第一人称I改为第二人称you,对应am改成are(my改成your)句号改成问号句号改成问号Am I Mary.Ar
17、e you Mary.Are you Mary?Are you Lucy?一般疑问句(Simple Quesiton)It is a fish.They are fish.This is your book.I am a student.My son is a teacher.This is a car.陈述句 一般疑问句Is it a fish?Are they fish?Is this your book?Are you a sthdent?Is your son a teacher?Is this a car?She _ from Canada.一般疑问句:_肯定回答:_否定回答:_is
18、 缩写形式:No,she is not.Yes,she is.No,she isnt.Is she from Canada?2)感官系动词用来表示人体感官功能的动词,look,feel,sound,seem,taste,smell,这类动词加上形容词,表示人或事物的特征、性质或状态。e.g.She looks beautiful.This flower smells sweet.3)不及物动词转化,继续保持或处于原来的状态keep,remain,stay,stande.g.The weather remains cold.Keep quiet,please 天气依然很冷。4)变化类系动词loo
19、k,grow,get,fall,go,become,turne.g.His face turned red.The meat goes bad.5)主语终止动作证明是”prove,turn oute.g.The weather turned out to be fine.Exercise1.Peters mother _an engineer.2.The weather _colder and colder.3.The dish _ good.4.The story _interesting.5.The dish of yours _delicious.6.He _to be very sad
20、.7.This kind of cloth _very soft.8.She _rich within a short time.isturnssoundstastesseemsfeelsgrewsmellsExercise1.The poor boy _ blind at the age of three.A.turned B.goes C.became D.went2.His voice_ as if he has a cold.A.sounds B.listens C.hears D.seems3.When I went home yesterday,it was _ dark.A.go
21、ing B.getting C.running D.coming4.You_ very pale.Do you feel sick?A.looked B.look C.looking D.are looked 第三部分 实义动词PART 0303什么是及物动词和不及物动词?实义动词是表示行为、动作或状态的词。它的词义完整,可以单独作谓语。英语中按动词后可否直接跟宾语,可把实义动词分成及物动词和不及物动词。1.不及物动词(intransitive verb)本身意义完整后面不需跟宾语的实义动词,用vi表示。如:My watch stopped.2.及物动词(transitive verb)后面必
22、须跟宾语意义才完整的实义动词,用vt表示。如:We planted many trees around our school.1.不及物动词后面不能直接跟宾语 My watch stopped.It happened in June,1932.She spoke at the meeting yesterday evening.I used to live in the countryside.The foreigners arrived(at our school this morning).You must wait(for your turn).不及物动词只能用于“主谓”结构,但是可以加
23、任意状语。或者理解成:后面需要宾语时,必须加上相应的介词,如to,of,at,on,for 等。常见的不及物动词go,give,fail,happen,lie,rise,agree,look,succeed,die,rain,come,occur,sit,walk,run,sleep,listen,remain,belong,fall,exist,arrive,sail,hurry.主语+谓语(vi)+介词+宾语 I listened,but could hear nothing.Everybody listened to the lecture with great interest.不及物
24、动词没有被动语态 The palace caught fire three times in the last century,and little of the original building_now.A.remains B.is remained C.is remaining D.has been remained表示主语本身的性质sell,wash,write,cut,open,lock,cook,shut1)The cloth washes well.2)The pen writes smoothly.3)The door locks tightly.常与_连用。well,badl
25、y,easily,smoothly2.及物动词后面必须跟宾语 A girl opened the door.He reached Paris the day before yesterday.Please hand me the book over there.They asked me to go fishing with them.*及物动词常用于:主谓宾;主谓双宾;主谓宾宾补结构。常见的及物动词tell,make,take,hand,buy,like,raise,seat,say,find,have,show,see,give,ask,offer,prevent,regard,teach
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