重点高中英语主谓一致知识点讲解(DOC 11页).doc

1、高中英语主谓一致知识点讲解本文主要讲解主谓一致，并列结构作主语时谓语用复数主谓一致中的靠近原则谓语动词与前面的主语一致等常见考点。主谓一致是指：1）语法形式上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致。2）意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。3）就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语，一般来说，不可数名词用动词单数，可数名词复数用动词复数。例如：Thereismuchwaterinthethermos.但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时，谓语动词用复数形式。例如：Tenthousandtonsofcoalwereproducedlastyear.15.1并列结构作

2、主语时谓语用复数，例如：Readingandwritingareveryimportant.读写很重要。注意：当主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。例如：Theironandsteelindustryisveryimportanttoourlife.钢铁工业对我们的生活有重要意义。典型例题TheLeaguesecretaryandmonitor_askedtomakeaspeechatthemeeting.A.isB.wasC.areD.were答案B.注：先从时态上考虑。这是过去发生的事情应用过去时，先排除

3、A.，C。本题易误选D，因为TheLeaguesecretaryandmonitor好象是两个人，但仔细辨别，monitor前没有the，在英语中，当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词。后面的职务用and相连。这样本题主语为一个人，所以应选B。15.2主谓一致中的靠近原则1）当therebe句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。例如：Thereisapen,aknifeandseveralbooksonthedesk.桌上有一支笔、一把小刀和几本书。Therearetwentyboy-studentsandtwenty-threegirl-studentsintheclas

4、s.班上有二十个男孩，二十三个女孩。2）当eitheror与neithernor，连接两个主语时，谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致。如果句子是由here,there引导，而主语又不止一个时，谓语通常也和最邻近的主语一致。例如：Eitheryouorsheistogo.不是你去，就是她去。Hereisapen,afewenvelopsandsomepaperforyou.给你笔、信封和纸。15.3谓语动词与前面的主语一致当主语有with,togetherwith,like,except,but,nolessthan,aswellas等词组成的短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语部分一致。例如：Thetea

5、chertogetherwithsomestudentsisvisitingthefactory.教师和一些学生在参观工厂。HeaswellasIwantstogoboating.他和我想去划船。15.4谓语需用单数1）代词each以及由every,some,no,any等构成的复合代词作主语时，或主语中含有each,every时,谓语需用单数。例如：Eachofushasatape-recorder.我们每人都有录音机。Thereissomethingwrongwithmywatch.我的表坏了。2）当主语是一本书或一条格言时，谓语动词常用单数。例如：TheArabianNightisabo

6、okknowntoloversofEnglish.天方夜谭是英语爱好者熟悉的一本书。3）表示金钱，时间，价格或度量衡的复合名词作主语时，通常把这些名词看作一个整体，谓语一般用单数。例如：Threeweekswasallowedformakingthenecessarypreparations.用三个星期来做准备。Tenyuanisenough.十元够了。15.5指代意义决定谓语的单复数1）代词what,which,who,none,some,any,more,most,all等词的单复数由其指代的词的单复数决定。例如：Allisright.一切顺利。Allarepresent.人都到齐了。2）

7、集体名词作主语时，谓语的数要根据主语的意思来决定。如family,audience,crew,crowd,class,company,committee等词后，谓语动词用复数形式时强调这个集体中的各个成员，用单数时强调该集体的整体。例如：Hisfamilyisntverylarge.他家成员不多。Hisfamilyaremusiclovers.他家个个都是音乐爱好者。但集合名词people,police,cattle,poultry等在任何情况下都用复数形式。例如：Arethereanypolicearound?附近有警察吗？3）有些名词，如variety,number,population,

8、proportion,majority等有时看作单数，有时看作复数。例如：Anumberof+名词复数+复数动词。Thenumberof+名词复数+单数动词。Anumberofbookshavelentout.ThemajorityofthestudentslikeEnglish.15.6与后接名词或代词保持一致1）用halfof,mostof,noneof,heapsof,lotsof,plentyof等引起主语时，谓语动词通常与of后面的名词/代词保持一致。例如：Mostofhismoneyisspentonbooks.他大部分的钱化在书上了。Mostofthestudentsaretak

9、inganactivepartinsports.大部分学生积极参与体育运动。2）用aportionof,aseriesof,apileof,apanelof等引起主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。例如：Aseriesofaccidentshasbeenreported.媒体报道了一连串的事故。Apileoflotswassetbesidethehearth.炉边有一堆木柴。3）如manya或morethanone所修饰的短语作主语时，谓语动词多用单数形式。但由morethanof作主语时，动词应与其后的名词或代词保持一致。例如：Manyapersonhasreadthenovel.许多人读过这本书。

10、Morethan60percentofthestudentsarefromthecity.百分之六十多的学生来自这个城市。15.7主谓一致练习1.Eachofyou_responsiblefortheaccident.a.amb.bec.isd.are2.Eachmanandwoman_thesamerights.a.hasb.havec.hadd.ishaving3.Everymeans_triedbutwithoutmuchresult.a.hasbeenb.havebeenc.ared.is4.There_inthisroom.a.aretoomuchfurnitureb.istooma

11、nyfurnituresc.aretoomuchfurnituresd.istoomuchfurniture5.Themanagerorhisassistant_planningtogo.a.wereb.arec.wasd.be6.NotonlyIbutalsoDavidandIris_fondofplayingbasketball.a.amb.isc.ared.was7.NeitherTomnorhisparents_athome.a.isb.arec.hasd.was8.Eitherthedeanortheprincipal_themeeting.a.attendsb.attendc.ar

12、eattendingd.haveattended9._waswrong.a.Nottheteacherbutthestudentsb.Boththestudentsandtheteacherc.Neithertheteachernotthestudentsd.Notthestudentsbuttheteacher10.“_twentydollarsabigsumtoher?”“Isupposeso.”a.Willbeb.Isc.Ared.Were11.Threehours_enoughforustofinishthetask.a.areb.hasc.isd.were12.Mostofhissa

13、vings_intheXinHuaBank.a.hasbeenkeptb.isbeingkeptc.havekeptd.havebeenkept13.Allthatcanbedone_.a.hasdoneb.hasbeendonec.havedoned.havebeendone14.Oneorperhapsmorepages_.a.ismissingb.hasbeenmissedc.aremissingd.wasmissing15.Morethanoneworker_dismissed.a.havebeenb.arec.hasbeend.has16.Manyastudent_theimport

14、anceoflearningaforeignlanguage.a.haverealizedb.hasrealizec.havebeenrealizedd.hasbeenrealized17.Thegasworks_nearthecity.a.isb.arec.wered.be18.Thesurroundingsofhishouse_cleannow.a.isb.arec.wasd.were19.Thecommittee_overtheproblemamongthemselvesfortwohours.a.hasarguedb.hasbeenarguingc.havearguedd.havebe

15、enarguing20.Thepublic_generousintheircontributionstotheearthquakevictims.a.isb.wasc.ared.hasbeen21.Cattle_onthehillside.a.grazesb.isgrazingc.wasgrazingd.weregrazing22.Herpolitics_neitherconservativenorliberal.a.isb.arec.wasd.hasbeen23.Measles_akindofinfectiousillness.a.isb.arec.wered.havebeen24.TheP

16、hilippines_tothesouth-eastofChina.a.liesb.liec.layd.lays25.Maryisoneofthegirlswho_alwaysontime.a.isb.amc.ared.was26.Tomistheonlyoneofthestallmemberswho_tobepromoted.a.isgoingb.aregoingc.hasbeengoingd.havebeengoing27.Whatcausedtheaccident_ontheroad.a.werestoneb.werestonesc.wasstoned.wasstones28.Wisky

17、andsoda_hisfavoritedrink.a.isb.arec.wered.havebeen29._istoattendourevening.a.boththesingerandthedancerb.Eitherthesingerordancersc.Thesingerordancersd.Thesingeranddancer30.TheSmiths_theirbreakfastwhenthemorningpostcame.a.hadb.hasbeenhavingc.arehavingd.werehaving31.Nooneexcepttwostudents_themeeting.a.

18、hasbeenlateforb.havebeenlateforc.waslateford.werelaterfor32.Allbuthimandme_totheexhibition.a.amgoingb.isgoingc.aregoingd.wasgoing33.Interest,aswellasprospects,_importantwhenonelooksforajob.a.areb.werec.isd.was34.Thepresident,accompaniedbyhisassistants,_.a.havearrivedb.arearrivingc.hadarrivedd.hasarr

19、ived35.Anumberofcars_infrontoftheparka.isparkedb.wasparkedc.areparkedd.hasparked36.thenumberofarticlespublishedonsmoking_amazing.a.isb.arec.wered.havebeen37.Themajorityofdoctors_smokingisharmfultohealth.a.arebelievedb.hadbelievedc.hasbelievedd.believe38.Themajorityofthedamage_easytorepair.a.isb.arec

20、.wered.be39.Four-fifthsofthecrop_.a.areruinedb.wasruinedc.wereruinedd.havebeenruined40.Three-fourthsofthebuildings_.a.wasdestroyedb.isdestroyedc.weredestroyedd.hasbeendestroyed41.Earlytobedandearlytorise_amanhealthy,happyandwise.a.makingb.tomakec.maked.makes42.Mathematics_thelanguageofscience.a.isb.

21、hasbeenc.ared.havebeen43.Theyoung_thevitalforcesinoursociety.a.isb.hasbeenc.ared.havebeen44.Everyman,womanandchild_somehistory,enoughatleast,tosurviveintheworld.a.knowsb.knowc.isknownd.areknown45.Noneofthem_myfriends.a.isb.arec.wasd.hasbeen46.Notonlythewholenation,butthewholeEurope,indeedthewholehum

22、ansociety_toalteritsattitudetoracialproblems.a.needb.needsc.hasaneedd.haveaneed47.Gettingtootherplanetsortothemoon_manyproblems.a.involveb.involvesc.involvingd.toinvolve48.Inthatcountry,therich_richer,thepoor,poorer.a.becomeb.hasbecomec.becomesd.isbecoming49.Theprojectrequiresmorelaborthan_becauseit

23、isextremelydifficult.a.hasbeenputinb.havebeenputinc.beingputind.tobeputin50.Notoneinonehundredchildrenexposedtothedisease_likelytodevelopit.a.shouldbeb.mustbec.isd.are主谓一致练习答案1-5CAADC6-10CBADB11-15CDBCC16-20BABDC21-25DBAAC26-30ADADD31-35CCCDC36-40ADABC40-45DDCAB46-50BBAAC1.Theold_welllookedafterbyth

24、egovernmentinChina.A.isB.areC.hasbeenD.was2.Thesecretaryandmanager_verybusynow.A.isB.areC.wasD.were3.Boththesecretaryandthemanager_agreedtoattendthemeeting.A.hasB.haveC.areD.was4.Tomaswellastwoofhisclassmates_invitedtotheparty.A.wasB.wereC.havebeenD.hadbeen5.EitheryouorI_goingtotheteachersofficeafte

25、rclass.A.amB.isC.areD.will6.Mostofhissparetime_spentinreading.A.areB.wereC.wasD.havebeen7.Thisisoneofthebestnovelsthat_appearedthisyear.A.havebeenB.hasC.hadbeenD.have8.Tenthousanddollars_quitealargesum.A.areB.isC.wereD.have9.About20percentofthework_doneyesterday.A.areB.isC.wereD.was10.MrSmith，togeth

26、erwithhischildren，_arrived.A.areB.hasC.isD.have11.It_Iwho_leavingforLondon.A.isisB.amisC.isamD.amam12.NotonlyTombutalsohiswife_fondofwatchingtelevision.A.areB.wereC.beD.is13.Whenandwheretobuildthenewfactory_yet.A.isnotdecidedB.arenotdecidedC.hasnotdecidedD.havenotdecided14.Althoughthefirstpartoftheb

27、ookiseasy，therest_.A.aredifficultB.hasproveddifficultC.issupposeddifficultD.havebeenfounddifficult15.Thattheywerewronginthesematters_nowcleartousall.A.isB.wasC.areD.were16.Halfofhisgoods_stolentheotherday.A.areB.wereC.isD.was17.Mathematics_thelanguageofscience.A.areB.aregoingtobeC.isD.istobe18.Eacho

28、fthestudents_aChinese-Englishdictionary.A.haveB.hasC.thereisD.thereare19.Theyeach_abeautifulhandkerchief.A.haveB.hasC.thereisD.thereare20.Betweenthetworowsoftrees_theteachingbuilding.A.standB.standsC.standingD.are21.Thispairofshoes_madeinNanjing.A.isB.areC.havebeenD.hadbeen22.Nooneexceptmyparents_an

29、ythingaboutit.A.knowB.knowsC.isknowingD.haveknown23.Anumberofstudents_fromthesouth.A.areB.isC.haveD.has24.Thenumberofstudentsfromthenorth_small.A.areB.isC.haveD.has25.Writingstoriesandarticles_whatIenjoymost，A.isB.areC.wasD.were26.HisSelectedPoems_firstpublishedin1965.A.wereB.wasC.hasbeenD.are27.Mis

30、sSmithisafriendof_.A.MarysmothersB.MarysmotherC.MothersofMaryD.Marymothers28.Agooddealofmoney_spentonbooks.A.haveB.hasC.havebeenD.hasbeen29.Onthewall_twolargeportraits.A.hangsB.hangC.hangedD.hanging30._turngreeninspring.A.LeafB.LeafsC.LeaveD.Leaves31.Fatherwenttohisdoctorfor_abouthishearttrouble.A.a

31、nadviceB.adviceC.advicesD.theadvices32.Allbutone_herejustnow.A.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.were33.Thenumberofpeopleinvited_fifty，butanumberofthem_absentfordifferentreasons.A.were;wasB.was;wasC.was;wereD.were;were34.Theairinbigcities_verydirtybyfactories.A.areoftenmadeB.isoftenmadeC.haveoftenmadeD.hasoftenmade

32、35.Nobody_tosmokeinthecinema.A.allowsB.allowC.isallowedD.areallowed36.TheChinesepeople_hard-workingandbrave.A.areB.isC.hasbeenD.arebeing37._canbedone_beendone.A.All;haveB.Allthat;haveC.All;hasD.Allthat;has38.Johnhastwobrothers，buteither_outofworknow.A.areB.isC.hasD.have39.Thepolice_themurderereveryw

33、herewhenhesuddenlyappearedinatheatre.A.issearchingforB.weresearchingforC.aresearchingforD.weresearching40.Applesofthiskind_.A.tastesgoodB.tasteswellC.tastegoodD.tastewell41.Yourtrousers_dirty，youmusthave_washed.A.is;itB.are;itC.are;themD.is;them42.Where_rubbish，thereareflies.A.thereareB.thereisC.isD

34、.therehas43.TheOlympicGames_heldevery_years.A.is;fourB.are;fourC.is;fiveD.are;five44.Manyaman_cometohelpus.A.haveB.hasC.isD.are45.Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswho_elected.A.areB.haveC.hasD.is46.Three-fourthsofthehomework_today.A.hasfinishedB.hasbeenfinishedC.havefinishedD.havebeenfinished47.Thosewho_i

35、n_compositions，pleasehandtheminthisafternoon.A.hasnthanded;hisB.haventhanded;theirC.hashanded;theirD.havehanded;his48.Janeisoneofthebeststudentsinherclasswho_bytheirteacher.A.arepraisedB.ispraisedC.praisedD.praising49.Thewholeclass_theteacherattentively.A.arelisteningtoB.islisteningtoC.arelisteningD.islistening50.TheUnited States of America_oneofthemostdevelopedcountriesintheworld.A.isB.areC.wasD.were参考答案：1-5BABAA6-10CDBDB11-15CDABA16-20BCBAB21-25ABABA26-30BADBD31-35BDCBC36-40ADBBC41-45CBBBD46-50BBAAA精品doc