牛津英语9A-unit5-Art-world-知识点总结解析(DOC 9页).docx

1、牛津英语9A unit5 Art world 知识点总结解析牛津英语9A unit5 An art world 知识点解析Welcome to the unit1.Art is something pleasant and艺术是令人愉快的事情解析1：something pleasant 形容词修饰不定代词应后置（something, anything, nothing, somebody ）e.g. something unusual 一些不寻常的东西 somebody else 其他的某人anything interesting一些有趣的东西 nothing important没什么重要的事

2、情解析2：pleasant在此作形容词，意为“令人愉快的”,通常用来修饰事物,不用来修饰人，它在句中可作定语或表语,其反义词为unpleasant。 它常用于It is pleasant to do sth. 句式，意为“做某事令人愉快”。 e.g. It was a pleasant evening.那是-一个令 人愉快的夜晚。(作定语) The climate of this area is pleasant.这个地区的气候很宜人。( 作表语) Its pleasant to play with those children.和那些孩子们一起玩耍真是令人愉快。lt was pleasant

3、 to be alone again. 又只剩下一个人了,真自在。辨析 pleasant，pleasure与pleased pleasant作形容词,意为“令人愉快的”,常用来形容某事物有令人愉快的性质，它在句中既可作定语,也可作表语。 e.g.It was pleasant to sit in a sidewalk cafe and watch people pass.坐在路边的咖啡馆看着人来人往真是惬意。pleasure作名词，意为“高兴;愉快”，常用于口语中。my pleasure表示“不用谢”,用来回应别人的感谢;with pleasure 表示“当然了，很愿意”，用来回应别人的请求或

4、邀请。 Thank you for helping me.谢谢你帮我。My pleasure. 不用谢。 May I sit here?我可以坐在这儿吗? Yes, with pleasure.当然可以。 pleased作形容词,意为“高兴的;满意的”,只用作表语，通常用来修饰人。它常用于be pleased with( 对.满意)及be pleased to do sth.(高兴/乐于做某事)结构。 e.g.She was very pleased with her exam results. 她对她的考试结果非常满意。 Im so pleased to see you.见到你真高兴。 活学

5、活用1.Weve been busy with our lessons these days.How about findingto do?( D )A.anything pleased B.something pleased C.anything pleasant D.something pleasant2.The box is heavy.Could you please help me carry it？!( A )A.With pleasureB.Youre kidding C.Good ideaD.Well done3.The teacher wasthe students perf

6、ormance.( B )A.pleasant withB.pleased with C.pleasant forD.pleased for2.talent 天赋，才能 音乐天赋 musical talent 近义词：gift have a talent for sth /doing sth 对（做）某事有天赋I have no talent for sports. 我在运动方面没有天赋。3. Because Ive found something more pleasant than art.因为我已经找到比艺术更令人愉快的事物了。解析： because是连词,意为“因为”,常用来引导原因状

7、语从句，且该从句通常置于主句之后。because也常用来回答由why引导的特殊疑问句。e.g. We didnt go out because it rained heavily.我们没有出去,因为雨下得很大。 Why did you miss the meeting yesterday?你昨天为什么没来开会?Because I was ill因为我生病了。注意:在汉语中我们常说“因为.， 所以.，但是在英语中because与so只能选用其一。 e.g. I dont go to school because it is Sunday today. = Its Sunday today，so

8、I dont go to school.因为今天是星期天,所以我不用去，上学。拓展because of是一个介词短语,意为“因为;由于”,其后可接名词代词或动名词。e.g. He didnt come because of sickness. 他由于生病而没来: She was late for work because of getting up too late.因为起床太晚而上班迟到了。活学活用1. Tony never spends any money in buying books he doesnt like reading.( B )A. but B. because C. th

9、ough D. because ofReading1. Each time a medal was presented to a winner at the Beijing 2008 0lympics,the award music was played.在2008年北京奥运会上，每当给获胜者颁发奖牌时，颁奖音乐就会响起。解析： present意为“颁发;提交”时是一个及物动词,常用于结构present sb. With sth.(给某人颁发某物)或present sth. to sb. (把某物颁发/提交给某人)。e.g. The organization present him with

10、an award. = The organization present an award to him. 那个组织给他颁发了一个奖项。【拓展】 present作动词，意为“颁发；提交；赠予”。Since the sports meet is over, our principal will present the prizes to the players.既然运动会已结束，我们校长将给运动员颁奖。 present作名词，意为“礼物” What present do you want for Christmas this year?今年圣诞节你想要什么礼物？ present作形容词，意为“现

11、在的，目前的” Im not going to buy a car at the present high prices. 以目前的高价，我不打算买小汽车了。【拓展】常用短语： at the present time= at present目前，现在 for the present暂时活学活用1.The president presented a gold medalthe winner after the match.( B )A.withB.to C.asD.for2.I have noticed all the singers.( C )A.publicB.private C.prese

12、nt D.polite2.The music was written by Tan Dun, a world-famous composer.这首音乐是谭盾谱写的，一位世界著名的作曲家。解析：本句为过去时态的被动语态，was/were+动词的过去分词。 The classroom was cleaned yesterday. 昨天教室被打扫过了。3. When he was very young, Tan showed an interest in music.当他非常小的时候,谭盾就对音乐表现出了兴趣。解析 interest 在此作可数名词，意为“兴趣”,show an interest i

13、n sth.意为对某事物表现出兴趣”。它还可构成have an interest in sth. (对某事物有兴趣)，take an interest in sth. (对某事物产生兴趣) ,have no interest in sth. (对某事物没有兴趣) ,lose interest in sth. (对某事物失去兴趣)等结构。 e.g. Tom showed an interest in basketball.汤姆对篮球表现出了兴趣。 Id recommend this book to anyone who has an interest in music. 我会向对音乐有兴趣的人推

14、荐这本书。 I took an interest had no interest/lost interest in the film.我对这部电影产生了/没有/失去了兴趣。拓展interest 也可作动词,表示“使感兴趣;使关注”。e.g. What interests me is the history of these places.使我感兴趣的是这些地方的历史。4.He loves the sounds of the rushing water and the blowing wind because, to him, the best music comes front nature。

15、他喜欢淙淙的水声和风吹过的声音，因为对他来说，最美妙的音乐来自于自然。解析1： the rushing water意为“淙淙的流水”,the blowing wind意为飒飒的风,这两个名词短语中都含有现在分词,它们在句中具有形容词的性质,均用作定语修饰名词,表示正在进行的主动动作。e.g. I walked quietly in order not to wake my seeping father.我悄悄地走是为了不吵醒我那正在睡觉的爸爸。注意:单个的现在分词作定语时往往放在被修饰词的前面;现在分词短语作定语时往往放在被修饰词的后面,此时其作用相当于定语从句。解析2： soundsound

16、作为名词，泛指在自然界中人所能听到的任何声音，意为“声音；响声”，有可数和不可数两种用法。例如：Strange sounds came from the next room.奇怪的声音来自隔壁房间。sound作为连系动词，意为“听起来；听上去（给人以某种印象）”，常接形容词作表语，还可接名词、代词、介词短语或从句。例如：That sounds a good idea.那听起来是一个好主意。sound作及物动词，意为“使发出声音；发（音）”，作不及物动词时，意为“发声、响”。例如：The bell sounded for lunch at twelve oclock.午餐铃声在十二点敲响。5.S

17、ince he had no musical instruments then, he made music with common objects like stones and paper.因为当时没有任何乐器，他就用一些普通的东西，比如石头、纸，来创作音乐。解析since用作连词：引导原因状语从句，相当于now that，意思是“因为，既然，鉴于”Since we are young, we shouldnt be too afraid of making mistakes因为我们还年轻，所以不应该太害怕犯错误。引导时间状语从句 e.g.He has studied very hard

18、since he came to our school.自从来到我们学校，他学习就非常努力。 I havent heard from him since he lived here. 从他不住这儿起，我一直没有收到他的信。 He has written to me frequently since I have been ill.自从我生病以来，他经常给我写信。 It is+一段时间+since./It has been+ 一段时间+ since表示“从起已有多长时间了”。两句型意思相同，前者是规范说法，后者是口语说法e.g.It is three years since he smoked.

19、 他不吸烟已有3年了6. There he got to know great musicians from around the world.在那里他逐渐了解了来自世界各地的伟大音乐家。解析 get to know sb/sth.意为“逐渐了解某人/某事”,强调一个逐渐变化或发展的过程。e.g. We got to know each other from then on.从那以后我们逐渐了解彼此了。 After a long time, I got to know the culture of the company.过了一段时间,我逐渐了解了这家公司的文化。拓展(1)get to do

20、sth.结构还可表示“有机会做某事”,是一种非正式的表达方式。e.g. I got to meet all the stars after the show.演出之后我有机会见到了所有的明星。(2) get sb. /sth. to do sth.意为“让某人/某物做某事”。 e.g. He got his sister to help him with his homework.他让他姐姐帮他做作业。7.As a composer,perhaps he is best known for winning an Oscar for his music in the film Crouching

21、 Tiger,Hidden Dragon.作为一名作曲家,也许他最为人知的是为电影卧虎藏龙作曲赢得奥斯卡大奖。解析be known for意为“因.而著名”,相当于be famous for其后常接表示人或事物某方面的特点、特长、价值等内容的名词,说明著名的原因。e.g. This place is known/famous for its hot springs.这个地方因温泉而著名。拓展:(1)be known as意为“作为.而著名”,其后常接表示某人身份地位等的名词,相当于be famous as。e.g .Her mother is known/ famous as a model

22、teacher.她妈妈作为一一名模范教师而著名。(2)It is known (that) 意为“众所周.。表示“众所周知”也可以用短语As is known to all,它在句中作状语,其后常用逗号与句子其他部分隔开。e.g .It is known that smoking may cause lung disease. = As is known to all , smoking may cause lung disease,众所周知,抽烟可能导致肺癌。活学活用1.Its said that the small townthe special building in the town

23、centre.( D )A.was famous asB.is known as C.was famous forD.is known for2.As an actress,Gong Liher fine acting.( A )A.is known for B.is known to C.is known as D.is known by8 .Tan makes over 50 sounds from water by controlling the speed of water flow.盾通过控制水流的速度,创作了50多种水声。解析by doing sth.意为“通过做某事”。其中,by

24、是介词,其后常接表示手段、方法、途径等内容的名词代词或动名词。e.g. Ill contact you by email.我会通过发电子邮件来联系你。 He earns money by wing.他通过写作挣钱。拓展( 1)by表示方式、方法时,还可表示“乘坐”,其后接表示交通工具的名词，名词前不用任何冠词。 e.g.by bus/ plane/ ship/car乘公共汽车/飞机/船/小汽车(2)by的其他常见用法 by+地点 在.旁边 e.g.The telephone is by the window.电话在窗户旁边。 by+时间 在.之前 e.g. I have to be home

25、by10p.m.我必须在晚上10点前回家。用于被动语态 被.由. e.g. This book was written by her.这本书是她写的。活学活用 The man makes a living teaching. ( C ) A. without B. with C.by D.in9.The music for the Bejjing Olympics uses traditional Chinese music and the sounds of an ancient Chinese bell, though it is in a Western style.北京奥运会的音乐运用

26、了传统的中国音乐和中国古钟的钟声,但是它是用一种西方风格。解析though在此作连词，意为“不过，可是,然而”,引导让步状语从句,用于主句后,引出补充说明。e.g. Hell probably say no, though its worth asking.他很可能会拒绝,不过问一下有益无损。拓展though作连词还可表示“虽然;尽管;即使”,引导让步状语从句,不能与连词but一起使用。e.g. Though it is raining hard , they are still working outside.虽然雨下得很大,他们仍在外面工作。辨析though，although 与but t

27、hough though与although 用法大致相同，常常可以互换使用,但, though还可作副词置于句尾，意为“可是，然而although则无此用法。e.g. Though/ Although he is not rich, he is happy. =Though/ Although he is not rich, yet he is happy. = He is not rich , but he is happy.虽然他不富有,但他很快乐。Although 作从属连词,意为“虽然,尽管;但是”,常用来引导让步状语从句。它不能与but一起使用。 But 作并列连词，意为“但是”,表

28、示转折关系。它不能与although或though一起使用。活学活用 he is only 12 ,he often goes to the old peoples home to perform plays for the old people as a volunteer. ( C )A. If B. Since C. Though D. BecauseGrammar 1. highly adv.高度地;高地 highly作副词,意为“高度地;高地”,常用来修饰形容词或副词。 e.g. She is a highly educated woman.她是个受过高等教育的女人。拓展highly

29、作副词时还可表示“非常,极”,其同义词为very;它还可表示“(对某人、某事物)非常赞许地,极为称赞地”,此时它常用于think/speak highly of sb.结构,表示“对某人极为赞赏;对某人评价很高”。 e.g. Her father is a highly successful politician.他爸爸是一位非常成功的政治家。 People all think/speak highly of Mike.人们对迈克的评价都很高。辨析highly与highhigh与highly都可以作副词,意为“高地”。但是highly是抽象的高,比如高度地赞扬“praise highly”;高

30、度地评价“think highly of”,而high是具体的高,比如飞得高 “fly high”。例如:People think highly of what he has done for the sick.人们高度地评价他为病人所做的一切。活学活用1.What do you think of the TV series?It is.Ive never seen such a better one before.( A )A.thought highly ofB.highly thought ofC.thought wellD.highly thought about2.The PE te

31、acher thinksof Marys sports talents,for she jumps.( C )A.high;highB.highly;highlyC.highly;highD.high;highly2 last vi. 持续解析： last作不及物动词,意为“持续”,常与介词for连用,“last for +时间”表示“持续多长时间”。e.g. How long does the show last?那场演出要持续多久? The hot weather lasted for the whole month of June.炎热的天气在六月份持续了整整一个月。拓展(1) last

32、的其他用法作限定词 最近的;上一个的 最后的;最末的e.g.Did you see the game last night?你昨晚看了比赛没有? He was the last one to leave.他是最后一个离开的。作副词 最近;上一次 最后;最终e.g. When did you see him last?你最近何时见过他? Who is speaking last? 谁最后一个发言?作名词 最后来的人 (或发生的事) e.g. They were the last to arrive. 他们是最后到达的人。(2) lately也为副词,意为“最后一点;最后”,常用来引出所列事情中的

33、最后一项或最后一点,其同义词为finally。 e.g. Lastly, I would like to thank my parents for all their support最后,我想感谢父母对我的全力支持。3 “Im late because there was too much traffic ,”she said , out of breath.我迟到了，因为交通太拥堵了。”她上气不接下气地说。解析but of breath意为“上气不接下气”。其中,breath是名词,意为“呼吸的空气”。 e.g. He was out of breath after only five mi

34、nutes walk.走了五分钟后他便上气不接下气了。 We had to stop for breath before we got to the top.我们不得不停下来喘口气,然后再登山顶。拓展 与breath相关的短语short of breath气短 fight for breath大口地喘气 take a deep breath 深深地吸一口气 hold ones breath屏住呼吸catch ones breath缓一口气 save ones breath别浪费口舌语法聚焦because引导的原因状语从句1.原因状语从句是指在复合句中表示主句动作发生原因的句子。Abecause

35、的位置because引导的状语从句，可放于前半句，也可放于后半句。 Because it was raining, we had to stay at home.因为下雨，我们只好待在家里。Bbecause与why because表示“因为”，表示动作发生的直接原因，语气很强，常用来回答why引导的疑问句 Why doesnt he go with us? 他为什么不跟我们一起去？ Because hes too tired today.因为他今天太累了。Cbecause与so 汉语习惯说“因为所以”，但使用英语时不能将so与because连用。 Because my bike was bro

36、ken, I went to school by bus yesterday.() Because my bike was broken, so I went to school by bus yesterday.()Dbecause与because of because是连词，其后接句子because of是复合介词，其后接名词、代词、动名词、what从句等。I didnt buy it because it was too expensive. 我没有买是因为它太贵了。I didnt buy it because of the high price.since和as引导的原因状语从句 As

37、ince和as (1)我们也可以用since和as引导原因状语从句 Since you are free, youd better tidy your bedroom. 既然你有空，你最好把卧室整理一下。 (2) since表达“既然；由于；因为”，表示已知的、显然的理由，较为正式，常放句首。 Since it is late, I shall get home right now. （由于）时间不早了，我得马上回家了。 (3)as和since的用法大体相同，表示附带说明的“双方已知的原因” As it is raining, youd better take a taxi. 既然在下雨，你最

38、好乘出租车。 由since和as引导的原因状语从句通常位于句首。 Bbecause since和as (1)关于because：语气最强，表示直接原因，可用于回答why提出的问题、引导表语从句、用于强调句等，而其余两者均不行 -Why didnt he come?他为什么没来？ -Because he was ill.因为他病了。 (2)关于since与as： 两者所表示的原因都是人们已知的，即对已知事实提供理由，而不是表示直接原因。since比as语气稍强，且比as略为正式，它们引导的从句通常放在主句之前，有时也放在主句之后 As you werent there, I left a mes

39、sage. 由于你不在那儿，我留了个口信。 since可用于省略句，而其他两者不行： Since so, I have nothing to say.既然如此，我无话可说。Integrated skillsTask1 musicians make up music while playing. 音乐家在演奏时创作音乐。解析makeup是“动词+副词”构成的短语,意为“编;编造”,当接代词作其宾语时,该代词应放在make与up之间。e.g. Nick made up a song about friendship. 尼克创作了一首关于友情的歌曲。I think theyre making the

40、 whole thing up.我认为整件事情都是他们编造出来的。 All the stories in this book are not real. The author made them up.这本书中所有的故事都不是真的，它们都是作者编造的。拓展make up的其他常见含义1).组成;构成 Girls made up 56% of the student numbers.女生占学生人数的56%。2).铺床;临时搭床They made up a bed for me on the sofa.他们在沙发上给我铺了个床。3).化妆;上妆They made him up as an old

41、man for the last act of the play. 在这出戏的最后一幕，他们把他化妆成一位老人。4).补上;补回 Im trying to make up the classes I missed while I was sick.我正在设法补回我生病期间耽误的课程。Task1. have a gift for对.有天赋e.g. The little boy has a gift for learning foreign languages. 这个小男孩有学习外语的天赋。拓展：短语have a gift for“对有天赋”。同义短语:have a talent for sth/

42、doing sth“在( 做 )某事方面有天赋”。反义短语:have no gift/talent for sth/doing sth“在( 做 )某事方面没有天赋”。例如:He has a gift for telling stories.他在讲故事方面有天赋。I have no talent for sports.我在运动方面没有天赋。活学活用1.She is proud that both her childrenmusic.( A )A.have a talent for B.have talent for C.have gift for D.have gifts for2.All c

43、hildren have a natural giftlanguage learning.( C )A.with B.by C.for D.on2 as usual 像往常一样;照例e.g. Needless to say , he came late as usual.不用说，他照例来得很晚。3 take away拿走,带走e.g. Can I take away the book which you showed me yesterday? 我能带走你昨天给我看的那本书吗?4 in all directions 四面八方e.g. When the police arrived , the

44、crowd scattered in all directions.警察到，人群就奔向四面八方。5 encourage sb, to do sth.鼓励某人做某事e.g. We should encourage the young to read more books.我们应当鼓励年轻人多读书。6.She encouraged me to keep trying and make more wonderful pictures.她鼓励我继续尝试,创作更加精彩的画。解析（1).encourage是一个及物动词，意为“鼓励;劝告”。encourage sb. to do sth. 意为“鼓励某人做

45、某事” , encourage sb. in sth.意为“在某方面鼓励某人”。e.g. I want to thank everyone who has encouraged and supported me.我想感谢每一 位鼓励过和支持过我的人。 Parents need to encourage their children to do more good things.父母需要鼓励孩子们做更多的好事。 His parents always encourage him in his studies.在他的学业上,他的父母一直都鼓励他。拓展encourage的名词形式为encouragement ,表示“鼓励;鼓舞”;其形容词形式为encouraging,表示“令人振奋的;鼓舞人心的”。e.g. With encouragement，he decided to study English well.得到了鼓励，他决定学好英语。 The encouraging news is that Tom gets the first prize.令人振奋的消息是