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类型高三英语定语从句知识点及习题(DOC 8页).doc

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    1、 定语从句 一The boy who was in the office yesterday is my brother . 昨天在办公室的那个男孩是我弟弟。限制性定语从句,去掉该从句,句子就失去原有的含义,而且也不大讲得通。A student (who works hard ) will make progress . 一个努力学习的学生会取得进步。二非限制性定语从句,对先行词没有限定作用,只起进一步说明的作用,去掉它,主句仍成立,意义也无变化:Our teacher is very strict with us , which does much good . 我们的老师对我们很严格,这对

    2、我们有很大好处。三引导定语从句的关系代词,在定语从句中作主语,表语,定语或宾语1)关系代词:who , which , that , as , whom , whoseGive this book to the man who is over there . (主语)I am interested in the book (which /that) you talked about yesterday . (宾语,可以省略)He is not the man as he was before . (表语) 他跟过去不一样了。2)关系副词:where , when , why , 在从句中作状语

    3、:This is the house where he was born . (地点状语) 这就是他出生的那座房子。That was the first day when he worked as a teacher .(时间状语) 那是他当老师的第一天。Can you tell me the reason why he was late this morning ? (原因状语) 你能告诉我他今天早上迟到的原因吗?四关系代词注意事项:1)who & whom (1). 指人时在介词后只用whom : Have you met the person about whom she was spe

    4、aking ? 你见到她当时正在谈论的那个人了吗?(1). 在非限制性定语从句中,指人时做主语用who,做宾语时用whom,(不用who替代) John Baird,who was a Scotsman,invented the first television set in 1925。约翰贝尔得在1925 年发明了第一台电视机,他是 苏格兰人。Abraham Lincoln , whom American people regarded as one of the greatest of all American presidents , had little schooling when

    5、he was young . 林肯小时侯几乎没有上过学,美国人民把他看作美国最伟大的总统之一。2)who & that She is the teacher who (=that)was praised the other day。她就是前几天手表扬的那位老师。(1) 宜用that 不用who 的情况: 当先行词既有人又有物时,定语从句用that 。不用who或 which: He talked about the teachers and schools that he had visited。 他讲述了他所访问的老师和学校。(2) 当主语是以who或 which开头的问句时,定语从句用th

    6、at,不用who,whom,which:Who is the person that is standing at the gate?站在大门口的那人是谁/Which of us that knows something about physics does not know this?我们中凡有人知道一些物理知识的人,有谁不懂这个呢?(3)宜用who不用that的情况: a先行词为one, ones(此处均只人)或anyone(总是指人)时: The students I want to learn from is one who studies hard。 我想向之学习的学生是一个努力的学

    7、生。 Anyone who fails to finish the task given should be scolded。 完不成任务的都受批评。b先行词为those时:Those who were not fit for the job would not come。那些不适合这项工作的人不要来。c一个句子带有两个定语从句,指人时其中一个用了that,另一个宜用who:The student that was praised at yesterdays meeting is a monitor who is very modest。昨天在会上受表扬的那个学生是一位非常谦虚的班长。3)wh

    8、ose (特点:在定语从句中作定语,既指“人”的,又指“物”的。)He mentioned a book whose author I can not remember now。他提到一本书,书的作者我现在想不起来了。Do you know the students whose parents are from the south?你认识那个家长是南方人的学生吗?提示:whose 的表达还有另外一种替代形式:of which ; of whom 如:He mentioned a book the author of which I cant remember now . 也可以这样表达:He

    9、mentioned a book whose author I cant remember now . 他提到一本书,该书的作者我现在想不起来了。There are 60 students in our class , 50 of whom are League members . 我们班有60名学生,其中50人是团员。4)that & which (1). 只用that不用which :A. 先行词为all , much , little , everything , nothing , something , anything , none , the one , few 等不定代词时:I

    10、 mean the one that was bought yesterday . 我指的是昨天买的那一个。Is there anything ( that ) I can do for you in town ? 有什么我在城里可以帮你做的吗?B. 先行词部分有序数词时:The first thing ( that ) we should do is to work out a plan . 我们要做的第一件事是制定一项计划。C. 先行词被the only , any , no , the very, the right , the few , the little 等修饰时:This is

    11、 the only answer (that ) I can give you now . 这是我现在能给你的唯一答复。D. 先行词部分有最高级时:This is one of the most exciting football games ( that ) I have ever seen .这是我所看过的最兴奋的足球比赛之一。(2)只用which , 不用that :A . 非限制性定语从句中:Taiwan is a beautiful and rich island , which belongs to China . 台湾是一个美丽富饶的岛屿,它属于中国。B. 关系代词前有介词时:T

    12、his is the best way in which we can solve this problem . 这是我们解决这个问题的最好的方式。5)as as是关系代词,在定语从句中担任主语,宾语或表语,指代主句或主句的某一部分。He is a foreigner , as I know from his accent . (宾语)正如我从他的口音中知道的那样,他是个外国人。As often happened to him , he was absent . (主语)正像经常发生的那样,他又缺席了。He is not the same man as he used to be . (表语)

    13、他和过去不一样了。6)非限制性定语从句中的as & which (1). as 作用完全同于which :He is absent today , as/which often happens to him . 他今天没来,正像经常发生的那样/这事经常发生。(2)但as 本身有“正如,正像.”的意思:Taiwan belongs to China , which / as we all know . 台湾属于中国,正如我们所知/这一点我们都知道。He is absent today , which (不能用as) upsets all of us . 他今天没有来,这使我们都很不安。(3)as

    14、 引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句之前,而which 不能。As is known to all , Taiwan belongs to China . 众所周知,台湾属于中国。7)限制性定语从句中的as(1). the same as He is reading the same book as I did yesterday . 他在看我昨天看的那本书。(2). such as Dont read such books as will do you harm . 别看对你有害的书。五:关系副词 when where why (1)whenI arrived here the day wh

    15、en he left . 我在他离开的那一天到达这里。 Time做先行词,前面如有序数词或last修饰时,定语从句不用when 引导,只用that(可以省略)不用when This is the last time(that)I shall give you a lesson . 这是我给你们上的最后一次课。 The first time (that)I saw him was in 1958 . 我头一次看到他是在1958年。(2) whereThe museum where he works in often visited by people . 他工作的那家博物馆经常有人参观。 Thi

    16、s is the factory where he visited the huge machine last week .着就是他上周参观那太巨大机器的那家工厂。提示 when,where 也用于非限制性定语从句中:In the old days,when he was a child,the city had no industry to speak of .在旧社会,该城豪无工业可言,那时他还是孩子。We will put off the outing until next week,when we will not be so busy . 我们将把郊游推迟到下周,那时我们就不这么忙了

    17、。练习题:1A football fan is_ has a strong interest in football . A. a thing that B. something that C. a person that D. what2Have you seen the girl _ ? A. that I told you B. I told you of C. whom I told you D. I told you of her 3We talked for hours of things and persons _ we remembered in the school . A.

    18、 which B. that C. who D. whom 4Who _ has common sense will do such a thing ? A. which B. who C. whom D. that 5He did not tell the reason _ might explain his absence . A. that B. / C. why D. how 6The problem is _ we can finish the work in such a short time . A. That B. why C. how D. when 7The reason

    19、for his being late is _ he did not catch the early bus . A. Because B. why C. that D. which 8Anyone _ this opinion may speak out . A. that against B. that against C. who is against D. who are against 9I will tell you _ he told me last week . A. all which B. all what C. that all D. all 10This is the

    20、place _ the Red Army made the crossing in 1934 . A. where B. whom C. which D. what 11This is the place_ I am longing to visit there years . A. that B. where C. in which D. to where 12You should put it _ it was taken . A. where B. which C. from which D. from where 13I have bought the same watch _ you

    21、 have . A. that B. which C. as D. what 14Put the book in the some place _ you found it . A. as B. that C. which D. where 15The freezing point is the temperature _ water turns into ice . A. at which B. on that C. in which D. of which 16There was a piano shop on the street _ we went to school every da

    22、y . A. to which B. at which C. for that D. through which 17Our goal is the new China _ many revolutionaries died . A. of which B. for which C. where D. when 18His head soon appeared out of a window,_ he could see an elephant in the distance . A. from where B. in which C. under which D. which 19Antar

    23、ctic _ we know very little is covered with thick ice all the year round . A. on which B. where C. that D. about which 20He is a man of great experience , _ much can be learned . A. who B. that C. from which D. from whom 21Do you know the person _ they were talking? A. whom B. to whom C. in whom D. b

    24、y whom 22She showed us the hospital _ she was born . A. which B. in that C. in which D. in where 23It is still a question _ we shall have our sports meeting . A. why B. that C. which D. when 24They arose the question _ we were to get the machine needed . A. that B. and C. where D. why 25The news cam

    25、e _ the murder has been arrested . A. that B. whoever C. which D. whomever 26It is a secret _ he smoothed away the difficulty . A. that B. why C. how D. which 27There are different ways _ people try to deal with the problem of energy . A. how B. where C. which D. in which 28Is this museum _ some for

    26、eigners visited last week ? A. which B. that C. where D. the one 29He thought of his childhood _ he worked in the country . A. when B. where C. why D. which 30My first teacher will never forget the days _ he spent with us . A. in which B. when C. during which D. which 31World war 2 _ millions of peo

    27、ple were killed ended in 1945 . A. when B. during that C. in which D. which 32I am going to spend my summer vacation in the country , _ live my grandparents and some relatives . A. which B. that C. who D. where 33Each time _ they met they would talk long hours . A. which B. during C. in that D. / 34

    28、The reason _ she give for not coming is that her mother wont let her do . A. for which B. which C. why D. about which 35I bought a new book , _ is very beautiful . A. whose cover B. of which C. the cover of it D. which cover 36She is the only one of the teachers _ French here . A. who teaches B. who

    29、 teach C. which teaches D. that teach 37She is one of the teachers _ French here . A. who teaches B. who teach C. which teaches D. whom teach 38The best means _ we use in our English study _ fast reading . A. that ; is B. which ; is C. which ; are D. that ; are 39Peter Baker received a letter from D

    30、r. Lirpa , _ announced _ he had at last solved the secret of light . A. in which who ; which B. in which he ; that C. who in which ; for C. he in which ; although 40Ships take machines and other things back to the ports _ came . A. that B. where they C. to which they D. from which they 41In the read

    31、ing room there are tables , _ you can sit and read . A. at which B. in which C. which D. where 42Beijing , _ last year , is a nice old city . A. that I visited B. which I visited C. where I visited D. in which I visited 43I can think of many cases _ students obviously knew a lot of English words and

    32、 expressions but couldnt write a good essay . A. why B. which C. as D. where 44We are living in an age _ many things are done on computer . A. which B. that C. whose D. when 45_ has been announced , we shall have our final exams next month . A. That B. As C. It D. What 46We will be shown around the

    33、city : schools , museums , and some other places , _ other visitors seldom go . A. what B. which C. where D. when 47Alec asked the policeman _ he worked to contact him whenever there was an accident . A. with him B. who C. with whom D. whom 48The famous basketball star , _ tried to make a comeback ,

    34、 attracted a lot of attention . Awhere B. when C. which D. who 49Is this the reason _ at the meting for his carelessness in his work ? A. he explained B. what he explained C. how he explained D. why he explained 50The film brought the hours back to me _ I was taken good care of in that faraway villa

    35、ge . A. until B. that C. when D. where 51He s got himself into a dangerous situation _ he is likely to lose control over the plane . A. where B. which C. while D. why 52John said hed been working in the office for an hour , _ was true . A. he B. this C. which D. who 53Have you seen the film “ Titani

    36、c ” , _ leading actors is world famous ? A. its B. its C. whose D. which 54Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play , _ , of course , made the others unhappy . A. who B. which C. this D. what 55Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase , _ was very reasonable . A. which price B. th

    37、e price of which C. its price D. the price of whose 56Greenland , _ island in the world , covers over two million square kilometers . A. it is the largest B. that is the largest C. is the largest D. the largest 57The result of the experiment was very good , _ we hadnt expected . A. when B. that C. w

    38、hich D. what 58It was an exciting moment for those football fans this year , _ for the first time in the years their team won the World Cup . A. that B. while C. which D. when 59Will those _ the children from abroad come to the headmasters office ? A. teaching B. teach C. who teaches D. who teaching

    39、 60These houses are sold at such a low price _ people expected . A. like B. as C. that D. which 61The gentleman _ you told me yesterday proved to be a thief . A. who B. about whom C. whom D. with whom 62_ is mentioned above , the number of the students in senior high school is increasing . A. Which

    40、B. As C. That D. It 63All of the flowers now raised here have developed from those _ in the forest . A. once they grew B. they grew once C. that once grew D. once grew 64After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town _ he grew up as a child . A. which B. where C. that D. when 65She heard a terrible no

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