初二英语下册知识点归纳(新人教版)(DOC 12页).doc

1、新人教版八年级英语下册各知识点归纳总结Unti1 whats the matter?短语归纳1. too much 太多 2.lie down 躺下 3. get an X-ray 做个X光检查 4.take one s temperature 量体温 5. put some medicine on .在.上敷药 6.have a fever 发烧7.take breaks /take a break 休息 8.without thinking twice 没多想9. get off 下车 10.take sb to the hospital 送某人去医院 11.wait for等待 12.t

2、o ones surprise 使.惊讶的thanks to多亏于；由于 14.in time及时 15. think about 考虑 16.have a heart problem患有心脏病 17. get into the trouble 遇到麻烦 18.do the right thing做正确的事情事情19.fall down 摔倒 20.put . on sth把.放在某物上 21. get hit/sunburned 摔伤/烧伤 22.be interested in 对.感兴趣23. be used to 习惯于. 24.take risks/take a risk 挑战25.

3、lose ones life 失去生命 26.because of 因为27.run out of 用完 28.cut off 切除29.get out of 从.出来 30.make a decision/decisions 做决定31. be in control of 掌管；管理 32.give up 放弃用法归纳1. need to do sth .需要去做某事 2.see sb doing sth 看见某人正在做某事3. ask sb sth 询问某人某事 4.expect sb to do sth 期望某人做某事5. agree to do sth 想要做某事 6.help sb

4、(to) do sth 帮助某人做某事7. want to do sth 想要做某事 8.tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做某事9. have problems(in) doing sth 做某事有困难 10.use sth to do sth用某物去做某事11. be/get used to doing sth 习惯于做某事 12.seem to do sth 好像做某事13. keep on doing sth 继续做某事 14.mind doing sth 介意做某事语法点1. 询问某人的健康问题及遇到麻烦的表达方法2. 情态动词should的用法情态动词should的用法表

5、示劝告与建议，也表义务与责任第一人称问句中，征询建议要记清3.不定代词的用法相关阅读方法推理判断阅读法精细解读1. Whats the matter (with you)? 怎么了？出什么事了？Whats the trouble/ the problem / wrong with sb./ sth.?2. I had a cold.我感冒了。have a cold=catch a cold=have the flu have a fever have a cough咳嗽have a stomachache胃疼，肚子疼 have a toothache牙疼 have a headache头疼3.

6、 身体部位+ache（疼痛）构成新的复合词stomach+ache=stomachache head+ache=headache tooth+ache=toothache back+ache=backache后背痛4. much too+ 词，意为 ，too much+ 词，意为 。5. enough【形容、副词】足够的/地，enough放在名前后，形副后。good enough足够好，enough money=money money6. lie down躺下， lie 躺，躺着，过去式lay；lie说谎，过去式lied7. maybe “或许”，常用于句首，表示可能性，后加句子。Maybe

7、you are right.may be，是情态动词+be的结构，意为“可能，也许”，后加名词、代词或形容词。He may be angry.8. sound like+名词代词和从句：It sounds like you dont know the truth. It sounds like a good idea.sound+形容词，“听起来，好像”，The music sounds nice.9. need 需要，实义动词need+名词，需要某物； need to do sth.需要做某事，主语通常是人，表示人主动的动作：You need to listen carefully duri

8、ng class. need doing sth.主语通常是物，表示被动的动作：Your dirty clothes need washing.10. get off (the bus) 下（公交车） get on 上车11. agree 同意，赞同；同意做某事 ，同意某人的看法、观点 。12. trouble问题，麻烦 ；be in trouble ，make trouble ，have trouble (in) doing sth. =have difficulties (in) doing sth 。13. right away=right now=at once，意为 。14.【复习】

9、 advice 不可数名词劝告，建议，向征求意见 ， give sb. advice on sth.就某事给某人建议； advise 动词 advise sb. to do sth. advise sb. doing sth .15. 【复习】exercise 动词意为 ，可数时意为 ，不可数时意为 。16. hurt 及物动词，使疼痛，受伤，He hurt his leg while exercising. 不及物动词，（部位）疼。 His leg hurt badly.17. clean 【动词】 ，clean the classroom ，【形容词】 ，cleaner意为 。18. hi

10、t （用手或器具）打；击打 The boy hit the dog with a stone. hit sb. on the head/ nose/ back打某人的头、鼻子、后背，on用在所打较硬的部位； hit sb. in the face/ eye/ stomach 打某人的脸、眼睛、肚子，in用在所打较软的部位。19. be used to sth./ doing sth.习惯于、适应了、做某事，强调状态；His grandpa was used to country life. Mary is not used to getting up early in the morning.

11、 get/ become used to sth./ doing sth. “变得习惯，逐渐适应”强调过程、动作：Its difficult for one to get used to another countrys habit.20. 【复习】free 形容词空闲的free time；免费的the drink is for free；自由的I want to become a free bird. free【动词】使解脱，得到自由He could not free his arm.21. run out用完，用尽 When his water run out, he knew that

12、he would have to do something to save his own life.物sth. tun out. 某物用尽了。 人sb. run out of物sth.人用尽了某物。He run out of all his money last night.22. risk (sb.) to do sth. 冒险去做某事 take a risk=take risks 冒险 23. the importance of (doing) sth.（做）某事的重要性 We students should know the importance of (learning) Engli

13、sh. importance n. 重要（性）， important adj.重要的，unimportant adj.24. decision 【名词】决定；抉择； make a decision make a decision to do sth.= 。25. be in the control of 掌管，管理 The headmaster is in the control of this new school. be out of control无法控制，无法管理 be under control被控制住，在控制之中26. 【复习】mind意为 ，mind doing sth. , W

14、ould you mind my opening the window?27. give up (doing) sth. 放弃（做）某事，give up (playing) computer games；give up后可接名词、代词和动词ing形式，也可不接，如 Never give up easily.二、重要短语1. have a cold2. have a stomachache3. see sb. do sth.4. shout for help5. expect (sb.) to do sth.6. to ones surprise7. thanks to 8. think abo

15、ut9. be interested in sth.10. lose ones life11. save ones life12. take a risk=take risks13. cut off14. keep on doing sth三、重点语法【反身代词】英语中共有八个反身代词，在使用时应注意和它所指的相应的对象在人称、性别、数上保持一致。数 人称第一人称第二人称第三人称单数myselfyourselfhimself herself itself复数ourselvesyourselvesthemselves【用法】1. 可用作宾语，指的是宾语和主语表示同一个或同一些的人或事物。 如：M

16、aria bought herself a scarf. We must look after ourselves very well. 2. 可用作表语，指的是表语和主语表示同一个或同一些人或事物。 如： She isnt quite herself today. 3. 可用作主语或宾语的同位语，常用来加强语气。如：She herself will fly to London tomorrow. I met the writer himself last week. 4. 用在某些固定短语当中。如： look after oneself / take care of oneself 照顾自己

17、 teach oneself sth./ learn sth. by oneself自学enjoy oneself 玩得高兴，过得愉快 help oneself to sth 请自用（随便吃/喝些）. hurt oneself摔伤自己 say to oneself自言自语 leave sb. by oneself把某人单独留下 buy oneself sth.给自己买东西 introduce oneself 介绍自己【提醒】1. 反身代词不能单独做主语，但可以做主语的同位语，起强调作用。 如：我自己能完成作业。（误）Myself can finish my homework. (正) I my

18、self can finish my homework. / I can finish my homework myself.2. 反身代词表示“某人自己”不能表示“某人的东西”，因为它没有所有格的形式。表达“某人自己的（东西）”时，须要用ones own. 如：我用我自己的蜡笔画画。（误）Im drawing with myself crayons. (正) Im drawing with my own crayons.【练习】1. My classmate, Li Ming, made a card for _ just now.2. Bad luck! I cut _ with a kn

19、ife yesterday.3. They tell us they can look after_ very well.4. My cat can find food by_ .5. Help _to some beef, boys.6. Jenny enjoyed_ in the park yesterday afternoon.7. We can finish our homework by_ .8. The blind girl lost_ in the beautiful music.9. Xiao Hui, can you introduce _ to us ?10. Bill w

20、ants to teach_ French from now on.Unit 2 Ill help to clean the city parks 短语归纳1. clean up 打扫干净 2.cheer up （使）变得更高兴；振奋起来3. give out 分发 4. used to 曾经.；过去.5. give away 赠送；捐赠 6.set up 建立；设立7. make a difference e up with 想出9. put off 推迟 10.put up 张贴11. call up 打电话给 12.help out 帮助.摆脱困难13. care for 照顾；照看 1

21、4.give up 放弃15. try out for 参加选拔 e true 实现17. run out of 用光 18.take after 与.相像19. fix up 修理 20.be similiar to 与.相似用法归纳1. need to do sth 需要做某事 2.make plan to do sth 制定计划做某事3. ask sb (not ) to do sth 要求某人（不要）做某事4. used to do sth 过去常常做某事 5.give up +时间+to do sth放弃时间做某事6. get a feeling of.有.感觉 7.decide t

22、o do sth 决定做某事8. help sb (to)do sth 帮助某人做某事 9.make a difference to 对.产生影响10. make it possible for sb to do sth 使得做某事对某人来说是可能的单元课文出现的好句子1. We need to come up with a plan to tell people about the city park clean-up.我们要相处一个计划来告诉人们关于这个城市公园清洁日的事。2. We cant put off making a plan.我们不能推迟制定计划了3. We could put

23、 up signs. 我们可以张贴标志牌。拓展链接动词+副词 短语cheer up 使高兴起来 clean up 打扫干净 put up 张贴 mix up 修理 give away 赠送 give out 分发 give up 放弃 use up用光 get up 起床hand in 上交 put off 推迟 pick up 捡起 think over 仔细思考 turn down 关小音量set up 建立 set off 出发 look out 小心动词+介词 短语look after 照顾 belong to 属于 take after 与.相像 hear from 收到.来信hea

24、r of 听说 pay for 支付 wait for 等待动词+副词+介词 短语get out of 避免 come up with 想出 catch up with 追上赶上look forward to 期待盼望go on with 继续动词+名词 短语have a rest 休息一下 take a walk 散步 make mistakes 犯错 have a try 试一下take place 发生 tell a lie 撒谎 make a decision 做决定动词+名词+介词 短语have a look at 看一看 make a friend with 与.交朋友 have

25、a word with 与.交谈have a drink of 喝一点 pay attention to 注意 make fun of 取笑Be+形容词+介词 短语be late for 迟到 be angry with 生气 be fond of 喜欢 be good at 擅长 be good for 对.有好处 be short of 缺乏 be similiar to 与.相似be strict with 对.严格要求 be pound of 骄傲 自豪语法点动词不定式归纳只跟动词不定式做宾语的动词 决心学会有希望（ decide,learn,wish,hope）同意计划莫假装（agr

26、ee,plan,pretend） 忘记拒绝会失望（forget,refuse,fail） 准备设法来帮忙（prepare,try,manage,help） 提供请求负担起（offer,beg,afford） 记得阻止理应当（remember stop,be supposed）相关阅读方法词义猜测阅读法习题链接1. -Tom failed the exam again -Sorry to hear that. We should do something to .A. cheer him up B.cheer on him C.cheer him on D.cheer uo him2.The b

27、oys volunteer three hours up the park near their school.A. cleaning B. to clean C. cleaned D. with cleaning 3. The woman in red a teacher.She works in a hospital now.A. used to be B. is used to be C.was used to be D.is 4. The old man lives ,but he doesnt feel .A. alone;alone B. lonely;lonely C.lonel

28、y;alone D. alone;lonely5. Tina, I have something important you. A. telling B.tells C.tell D.to tell6. -The old man all his money to a charity.A. took away B.put away C.went away D.gave away7. We all feel after hear of the news.A. excited;exciting B.exciting;exciting C.excited;exciting D.exciting;exc

29、itedUnit3 Could you please clean your room?短语归纳1. do the dishes 洗餐具 2.take out the trash 倒垃圾3. go out 外出 4.stay out 呆在外面；不在家5. help out 帮助做完某事 6.at least 至少7. throw down扔下 8.all the time 一直；反复9. in surprise 惊讶地 10.as soon as 一.就.11. spend.on.在.花费（时间、金钱、精力）12. in order to 为了 13.provide sth for sb 向某人

30、提供某物14. depend on 依赖；信赖 15.look after 照顾；照看16. keep it clean and tidy 保持干净整洁 17.get into 进入18. take care of 照顾 19.as a result 结果用法归纳1. finish doing sth 做完某事 2.want sb to do sth 想要某人做某事3. try (not) to do sth 尽力（不）做某事 4.let sb do sth 让某人做某事5. spend.(in) doing sth 花费.做某事6. mind doing sth 介意做某事 7.learn

31、to do sth 学习做某事8. learn how to do sth 学习怎样做某事 9. The +比较级，the+比较级 越.，就越.语法点情态动词could 的用法表示请求与准许，could 委婉有礼貌；表示能力会不会，could只把过去表表示怀疑不相信，could缓和情绪弱推测可能用could, 虚拟语气也常用相关阅读方法细节阅读法Unit 4 why dont you talk to your parents?短语归纳1. too much太多（修饰不可数名词） 2.hang out 闲逛3. too many 太多（修饰可数名词复数） 4.get into a fight 争

32、吵5. call sb up 给某人打电话 6.talk about 谈论7. look through 浏览 8.give back 归还9. be angry with sb 生某人的气 10.a big deal 重要的事情11. work out 解决；算出 12.get on with sb 与某人和睦相处13. communicate with sb 与某人交流 14.be worried about 担心.15. be afraid of 害怕. 16.in front of在.前面17. not. any more 不再. 18.so much/many 那么多19. comp

33、ete with sb 与某人竞争 20.cut out删除；删去21. all kinds of 各种各样 pare.with.比较；对比23. in ones opinion 依.看 24.turn down 调小用法归纳1. allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事 2.why dont you do sth?为什么不做某事呢？3. why not do sth ?为什么不做某事呢？ 4.find sb doing sth 发现某人在做某事5. tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做某事 6.refuse to do sth 拒绝做某事7. let sb do sth

34、 让某人做某事 8.offer to do sth 主动提供做某事9. not.until.直到.才. 10.its time to do sth 该做某事了11. it +adj+to do sth 做某事是.的 12.keep on doing sth 继续做某事13. what do you think of.?你认为.怎么样？语法点1. Why dont you+V.?等提出建议的句型及常用的答语2.连词until,so that 以及although 引导的状语从句相关阅读方法主谓一致法-完形填空Unit5 what were you doing when the rainstorm

35、 came?短语归纳1. wait for 等待 2.look for 寻找3. go off (闹铃）发出声音 4.take a shower 洗澡5. pick up 接电话；捡起 6.make sure 确信；务必7. have fun 玩的开心 8.fall asleep入睡；睡觉9. die down 逐渐变弱；逐渐消失 10.wake up 醒来；叫醒11. in a mess 乱七八糟 12.in time of difficulty 在困难时期13. take photos 照相 14.turn on 打开15. make ones way 行走；前行 16.in silenc

36、e 沉默地；无声地17. take down摧毁；拆卸；记下 18.tell the truth 说实话19. point out 指出 20.go away 消失21. as well 也 21.call out 喊出用法归纳1. be busy doing sth/be busy with sth 忙于（做）某事2. see sb /sth doing sth 看见某人或某物正在做某事3. begin/start to do sth 开始做某事4. try to do sth 努力去做某事5. have trouble（in）doing sth做某事又困难语法点过去进行时过去进行最好记，w

37、as/were+doing特定时间有暗示，过去某刻某时段肯定主语在句首，一般问句Be提前否定句式更简单，Be后只把not添相关阅读方法1. 词义辨析法2. 题目和中心句理解法Unit 6 An old man tried to move the mountains短语归纳1. work on 从事 2.as soon as 一.就.3. take.away 拿走，带走 4.a good way to do sth 做某事的好方法5. a little bit 一点儿 6.once upon a time 从前7. at other times 平时；有时 8.turn.into.变成9. co

38、me out出现，出版，结果是 10.get married 结婚11. fall in love with sb 爱上某人 12.open up打开13. be born 出生 14.think of ways 想出方法15. all over the world全世界 16.make a plan to do sth 制定计划做某事17. along the way 沿路 18.be lost 迷路19. find out 找出 20.learn about 了解用法归纳1. try to do sth 设法做某事 2.finish doing sth 完成做某事3. continue t

39、o do sth 继续做某事 4.make sb do sth 让某人做某事5. keep doing sth 一直做某事 6.instead of doing sth 代替做某事7. be able to sth 能够做某事 8. It takes/took.to do sth 花费.做某事 9. have no time to do sth 没有时间做某事10. become interested in doing sth 对做某事感兴趣11. cant stop doing sth 禁不住做某事12. hear sb doing sth 听到某人正在做某事13. lead sb to s

40、omewhere 引导某人到某处14. leave sth at/in somewhere 把某物遗忘在某地 15.show sb sth 向某人展示某物语法点1. unless引导的条件状语从句2. so.that.引导的结果状语从句3. as soon as 引导的时间状语从句相关阅读方法上下文暗示法和文体归类法Unit7 whats the highest mountain in the world?短语归纳1. take in 吸入；吞入 2.in the face of 面对（问题；困难）3. at birth 出生时 4.as you can see 正如你所看到的5. as far as I know 据我所知 6