初中英语冠词知识点讲解及专项练习(DOC 5页).doc

1、初中英语冠词知识点讲解及专项练习不定冠词a/ana用于辅音发音开头的词前, 如：abook;an用于元音发音开头的词前，如：an apple, an hour. 区别：a useful machine, an umbrella, a “u”, an “h”。用法：1、a/an 用于单数可数名词前,表示“某一”“一”或者“一个”的意思.a book a boy a man a bird a dog an hour an interesting book a big dog a dangerous aminal 2、表示类别：这种用法是指某人或某物属于某一种类，或者指某一种类的人或物中的任何一个或

2、一件，或者指某一种类的人或物，但不具体说明是何人或何物。 例如：That is a pen, not apencil. 那是钢笔而不是铅笔。（指属于某一种类）Give him a pear, please! 请给他一个梨。（指某一种类中的任何一个）An elephant is bigger than a horse. 大象比马大。和one 的区别： a/an 表示类别种类 One 强调数量a bus （表示是一辆公交车而不是一辆小汽车也不是火车）one bus (强调是一辆车而不是两辆或三辆)There is a catunder the chair. 椅子下面有一只猫。（强调种类）There

3、 is one catunder the chair.椅子下边有一只猫。（强调数量）3、用来指某人或某物，但有不具体说明是谁或是什么，如： A comrade from Shanghai is comingto give us a talk this afternoon. 一位来自上海的同志今天下午将给我们作报告。 My mother once worked in aschool. 我母亲曾在一所学校工作。4、表示基本单位，作“每一”讲。例如：three times a day 10yuan a kilo six class a day thirty miles an hour等。5、不定冠词

4、a/an可用在一种职业，阶级或宗教的名称前。如：Whats your father? Hes a doctor. 你父亲是什么职业？他是名医生。Mr Black is now a Christian.布莱克先生现在是名基督教徒。6、固定短语：once upon a time 从前 take a look 看一看 catch a cold 感冒 a little 一点点 a few 一点儿 have a rest 休息定冠词thethe表示特指。表示名词所指的人或事物是同类中的特定的一个，以别于同类中其他的人或事物，相当于汉语中的“那个”或“这个”的意思。the book in my bag t

5、he boy under the tree the apples in the basket the hospital near my home可以和单、复数名词，也可以和不可数的名词连用。the books the book the rice the bread the football the old man the interesting book the teachers the women用法：1、 定冠词的最基本的用法是“特指”：表示某个或某些特定的人或物。 Doyou know the girl in a red skirt? 你认识那个穿红裙子的女孩吗？ Beijingis t

6、he capital of China. 北京是中国的首都。2、再次提到上文提到过的人或物，应该用定冠词the。例如：Tomhas an apple, The apple is big and red.Thereis a boy under the tree.The boy is my brother.3、 指谈话双方都知道的人或物。例如：Letsgo and give it to the teacher.咱们去把它交给老师吧。Openthe door，please!请打开门。4、用于某些固定词组中。 例如:inthe morning / afternoon / evening 等。5、用在形

7、容词前表示一类人。theold 老人 the young 年轻人therich富裕的人 6、用在表示“姓”的复数名词前，表示一家人或夫妇二人。 例如：The Whites arespending their holiday in England. The Greens came toChina two years ago .7、用在由普通名词构成的表示场所的专有名词前。the Great Wall 长城 the Summer Place颐和园the United States 美国 the October Revolution 十月革命 theChinese Peoples Liberatio

8、n Army 中国人民解放军theLong March 长征8、用在序数词或形容词最高级前Thefirst thing I want to say is to listen carefully in class.Heis the tallest one in our class.9、世界上独一无二的事物等（月亮、地球、天空、宇宙）theglobe太阳系 the universe 宇宙 the atmosphere大气层Thesun rises in the east.Theearth goes round the sun.10、在世纪，年代名词前用冠词。inthe 1980s 或 in the

9、 1980s 20世纪80年代in the nineteenth century 二十世纪11、在江河、山脉、湖泊、海洋、群岛、海峡、海湾运河前用the。theChangjang River 长江the WestLake 西湖 the Pacific Ocean 太平洋12、在表示方位的词前，如：The sun rises in the east, andsets in the west. 太阳从东边升起，从西边落下Jiangxi lies in the south ofChina. 江西位于中国的南方。13、在乐器名称前常用定冠词，如：He often plays the piano atf

10、ive in the afternoon. 他常在下午五点弹钢琴。Can you play the violin? 你会拉小提琴吗？14、固定短语：in the morning在早上 the day after tomorrow 后天 thenext day 第二天 by theway 顺便 零冠词所谓零冠词，即指不使用冠词的情况：用法：1、在物质名词，抽象名词前不用冠词Thedesk is made of wood. Whatis work? Work is struggle2、专有名词前通常不用定冠词：England， China Mary Lilei Mr.Green 3、在星期、月份，

11、季节，节日等名词前：Wehave four seasons- spring, summer, autumn and winter一年有四季：春夏秋冬Weoften go to sea a film on Sunday. 我们经常周日去看电影。Tomorrowis National Day. 明天是国庆节。4、名词前有物主代词，指示代词，不定代词，名词所有格修饰时(this， my，that， those， these， her)如：thismorning my pen your watch whose bike 等5、在球类运动、一日三餐、学科和语言的名词前如：havebreakfast pl

12、ay chess play basketball(注意在乐器前必须加定冠词如弹钢琴playthe piano play the violin)6、固定短语：by bus 乘坐公共汽车 after school 放学后 in bed 卧床at first 首先 atnoon在中午 on foot步行专项练习 1.The I-Padwill soon become _ useful tool in the future communication andentertainment. A.a B. an C. the D. /2.The boyasked his mother whether Fra

13、nce is _ European country. A.a B. an C. the D. /3.Guide dogshelp _blind walk free in the street. A.a B. an C. the D. /4.This is _useful dictionary. I always look up new words in it. A.a B. an C. the D. /5.We shouldgive our seats to _ old when they get on the bus, A.a B. an C. the D. /6.He had such_

14、unusual day with the famous writer that he would remember it forever. A.a B. an C. the D. /7.Tony is sohelpful that he always does me _ favor. A.a B. an C. the D. /8.The sign wecan park our car here. Its _ information sign. A.a B. an C. the D. /9.All thevisitors are asked to line up quietly and go i

15、nto the exhibition hall one at_time. A.a B. an C. the D. /10.Excuse me,can you tell me _ way to the Summer Palace? A.a B. an C. the D. /11.Mrs.Greenhas _ one-year-old son.He has to look after him. A.a B. an C. the D. /12.There is_ one-hundred-dollar bill on the ground. A.a B. an C. the D. /13.Kitty

16、issuch _ honest student that she is often praised by her teachers. A.a B. an C. the D. /14.Our Englishteacher asked us to write _ 80-word short passage yesterday. A.a B. an C. the D. /15.A trainusually runs less than 200 kilometers _ hour. A.a B. an C. the D. /16.Can I have_ look at the photo of your pen friend? A.a B. an C. the D. /17.A farmersaid he had seen _ UFO. A.a B. an C. the D. /18.Miss Lin isnow on diet. She has only a cup of milk for _ breakfast every day. A.a B. an C. the D. /答案1-5：AACAC 6-10： BABAC11-15: AABBB 16-18：AAD