小升初英语知识点归纳总结(DOC 14页).doc

1、小学英语知识点汇总一、名词复数规则1.一般情况下，直接加-s，如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2.以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如:family-families,strawberry-strawberries4.以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v,再加-es，如:knife-knives 5.不规则名词复数:man-men, woman-women, policeman-pol

2、icemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet,.tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese写出下列各词的复数I _him _this _her _watch _child _photo _diary _day_ foot_ book_ dress _tooth_ sheep _box_ strawberry _peach_ sandwich _dish_bus_man_ woman_二、一般现在时1.一

3、般现在时表示经常或习惯性的动作，也可表示现在的状态或主语具备的性格和能力。2.一般现在时中，没有be动词和情态动词，主语为第三人称单数的肯定句，动词要按规则加上s，主语是非第三人称单数的肯定句，动词用原形。3.在一般现在时中，句中有be动词或情态动词时，否定句在be动词和情态动词后加not，一般疑问句将be动词或情态动词放在句首。4.在一般现在时中，句中没有be动词或情态动词时，主语为第三人称单数的否定句在动词前加does+not (doesnt)，一般疑问句在句首加does，句子中原有动词用原形;主语为非第三人称单数，否定句用do+not (dont)，一般疑问句在句首加do，句子中动词用原

4、形。动词+s的变化规则1.一般情况下，直接加-s， 如:cook-cooks, milk-milks2 .以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es， 如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es， 如:study-studies 一般现在时基本用法介绍【No. 1】一般现在时的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如:The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如:I get up at six every day.我天天六点起床。3.表示客观现实。如

5、:The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。一般现在时的构成1. be动词:主语be(am,is,are)其它。如:I am a boy.我是一个男孩。2.行为动词:主语行为动词(其它)。如:We study English.我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加-s或-es。 如:Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。【No. 2】一般现在时的变化1. be动词的变化。否定句:主语be not其它。如:He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑问句:Be主语其它。如:-Are you a stu

6、dent? -Yes. I am. / No, Im not.特殊疑问句:疑问词一般疑问句。如:Where is my bike?2.行为动词的变化。否定句:主语dont( doesnt )动词原形(其它)。如:I dont like bread.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesnt构成否定句。如:He doesnt often play.一般疑问句:Do( Does )主语动词原形其它。如: - Do you often play football?- Yes, I do. / No, I dont.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如: - Does she go t

7、o work by bike?- Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt.动词s的变化规则1.一般情况下，直接加-s，如:cook-cooks, milk-milks2.以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es， 如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3.以“辅音字母y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如:study-studies用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1. He often _(have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Class One

8、.3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. _ they _(like) the World Cup?6. What _they often _(do) on Saturdays?7. _ your parents _(read) newspapers every day?8. The girl _(teach) us English on Sundays.9. She and I _(take) a walk together every evening.10. There _(be)

9、some water in the bottle.11. Mike _(like) cooking.12. They _(have) the same hobby.13. My aunt _(look) after her baby carefully.14. You always _(do) your homework well.15. I _(be) ill. Im staying in bed.16. She _(go) to school from Monday to Friday.17. Liu Tao _(do) not like PE.18. The child often _(

10、watch) TV in the evening.19. Su Hai and Su Yang _(have) eight lessons this term.20.-What day _(be) it today? -Its Saturday三、现在进行时1.现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。2.现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.3.现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。4.现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。5.现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为: 疑问词+be+主语+动词ing?动词加ing的变化规则1.一般情况下，

11、直接加ing，如:cook-cooking2.以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如:make-making, taste-tasting3.如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如:run-running, stop-stopping写出下列动词的现在分词:play_ run_ swim _make_go_ like_ write_ _ski_read_ have_ sing _ dance_put_ see_ buy _ love_live_ take_ come _ get_stop_ sit _ begin_ shop_二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空:1.T

12、he boy _ ( draw)a picture now.2. Listen .Some girls _ ( sing)in the classroom .3. My mother _ ( cook )some nice food now.4. What _ you _ ( do ) now?5. Look . They _( have) an English lesson .6.They _(not ,water) the flowers now.7.Look! the girls _(dance )in the classroom .8.What is our granddaughter

13、 doing? She _(listen ) to music.9. Its 5 oclock now. We _(have)supper now10._Helen_(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .四、将来时理论及练习一、概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或预备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语:tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, the day after tomorrow(后天)等。二、基本结构:be going to do;will do.三、否定句:在be动词(am, is, are)l后加not或

14、情态动词will后加not成wont。例如:Im going to have a picnic this afternoon. Im not going to have a picnic this afternoon.四、同义句:be going to = will1.be going to表示将要发生的事或打算、计划、决定要做的事情。2.肯定句:be going to +动词原形， 如:Jim is going to play football.否定句:be not going to +动词原形，如:Jim is not going to play football.一般疑问句:把be动词调

15、到句首，如:Is Jim going to play football?特殊疑问句:疑问词+be+主语+going to+动词原形?如:What is Jim going to do?疑问词当主语时:疑问词+be+going to+动词原形? 如:Who is going to play football?I am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天). = I will go swimming tomorrow.练习:填空。1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends.I _ have a picnic w

16、ith my friends.2.我们将要学习英语We _ _ _ learn English.We _ learn English.五、一般过去时1.一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。2.Be动词在一般过去时中的变化:am和is在一般过去时中变为was。(was not=wasnt)are在一般过去时中变为were。(were not=werent)带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。3.

17、句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子否定句:didnt +动词原形，如:Jim didnt go home yesterday.一般疑问句:在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。 如:Did Jim go home yesterday?特殊疑问句:疑问词+did+主语+动词原形?如:What did Jim do yesterday?疑问词当主语时:疑问词+动词过去式?如:Who went to home yesterday?动词过去式变化规则:1.一般在动词末尾加-ed，如:pull-pulled, cook-cooked2.结尾是e加d，如:taste-tasted3.末尾只有一个元音

18、字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，（辅+元+辅）如:stop-stopped4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i，再加-ed，如:study-studied5.不规则动词过去式:am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, d

19、rink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat过去时练习写出下列动词的过去式isam_ plant_ are _drink_ play_ go_ make _does_ dance_ worry_ ask _taste_ eat_ put _kick_ pass_ do _Be动词的过去时练习(1)Name _ No. _ Date _用be动词的适当形式填空1. I _ at school just now.2. He _ at the camp last week.3. We _ s

20、tudents two years ago.4. They _ on the farm a moment ago.5. Yang Ling _ eleven years old last year.6. There _ an apple on the plate yesterday.7. There _ some milk in the fridge on Sunday.8. The mobile phone _ on the sofa yesterday evening.用be动词的适当形式填空1. I _ an English teacher now.2. She _ happy yest

21、erday.3. They _ glad to see each other last month. 行为动词的过去时练习(2)用be动词的适当形式填空1. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.2. Her father _ (read) a newspaper last night.3. We _ to zoo yesterday, we _ to the park. (go)4. _ you _ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?5. _ he _ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes,

22、 he _.6. Gao Shan _ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.7. I _ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother _.8. What _ she _ (find) in the garden last morning? She _ (find) a beautiful butterfly.(二)小升初英语词类:动词、名词和形容词不太容易区分，如不能一眼看出，可用如下方法:先用“一(量词)”(如:一个、一张等)和这个词连起来说，如说得通，一般认为是名词;说不通再用“很”去判断，就是把

23、“很”和为个词连起来说，说得通一般就是形容词;都说不通就是动词。(目前我们学过的，以后可能不同)(另外一些很明显的，如人称代词、数词、情态动词等一下就可以知道)1、动词这里所说的动词是指各种动词总称，其中包括行为动词(就是我们平时总说的那种动词)、be动词、情态动词。(1)行为动词就是我们平时上课时说的动词，表示某一动作或行为。如:sweep、live等。行为动词我们已学过它们的四种形式:原形、+s/es、+ed、+ing，具体判断方法如下:有，就加ing读句子读该单词认识该单词理解意思看有无be动词(若是be going to就用原形)没有，再看情态动词有，就用原形有，就加ed没有，再看有无

24、表示过去的时间状语是第三人称单数就加s或es没有，再看主语不是第三人称单数就用原形(2)be动词a、Am-was Is -was Are-were口诀:我用am,你用are, is用他她它，所有复数全用are。b、肯定和否定句I am (not) from London. He is(not) a teacher.She is(not) in the dining room. My hair is(not) long. Her eyes are(not) small.c、一般疑问句Am I a Chinese? Yes, you are. No, you arent. Are they Ame

25、rican? Yes, they are. No, they arent. Is the cat fat? Yes, it is. No, it isnt.我们现在学过的be动词大致分两类:is、am、are为一类，一般用于一般现在时、现在进行时和一般将来时中，was和were为另一类，一般用于一般过去时。判断步骤:第一、三人称单数，就用was有，再看人称第二人称单数和所有复数，就用were看有无表示过去的时间状语第一人称单数，就用am没有，再看人称第三人称单数，就有is第二人称单数和所有复数，就用are用am, is, are填空1. I _ a boy. _ you a boy? No,

26、I _ not.2. The girl_ Jacks sister.3. The dog _ tall and fat.4. The man with big eyes _ a teacher.5. _ your brother in the classroom?6. Where _ your mother? She _ at home.7. How _ your father?8. Mike and Liu Tao _ at school.9. Whose dress _ this?10. Whose socks _ they?(3)情态动词情态动词也是一类特殊的动词，平时我们不把它说成是动

27、词。情态动词可以和行为动词同时出现在同一个句子中。我们现在学过的情态动词有:can、must、should、would、may。接触最多的是can。情态动词后动词总是用原形。(不受其他任何条件影响)2、名词表示某一事物，有具体的和抽象的之分。判断的关键词往往是be动词，be动词如果是am、is或was，名词就用原形;be动词如果是are或were，名词就加s或es。这里强调两点:不可数名词都默认为单数，所以总是用is或者was;最好不要根据some、any、a lot of等词去作判断，以免受误导。如何加后缀:a.一般情况下，直接加-s，如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-

28、cats, bed-bedsb.以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watchesc.以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如:family-families,strawberry-strawberriesd.以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v,再加-es，如:knife-knivese.不规则名词复数:man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children f

29、oot-feet ,.tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese判断步骤:如是am、is或was原形 读句子读该单词认识该单词理解意思看be动词如是are或were加s或es3、形容词(包括副词)形容词表示某一事物或的特征，副词表示某一动作的特征。形容词和副词只有两种形式:原形和+er。未作比较的情况下就用原形，比较时就+er。两个重要特征:asas中间一定用原形，有than的时候一定+er。4、人称代词和物主代词主格youIhesheitwethey宾格形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词第一人称

30、I me we us my mine our ours第二人称you you you you your yours your yours第三人称he him they them his his their theirs she her her her sit it its its人称代词:有主格和宾格之分。一般动词前用主格，动词后用宾格。物主代词:有两类:形容词性物主代词(短的)和名词性物主代词(长的)一般看后面有没有名词，如有，就用形容词性物主代词(短的);如无，就用名词性物主代词(长的)。用所给词的适当形式填空1. That is not _ kite. That kite is very

31、 small, but _ is very big. ( I )2. The dress is _. Give it to _. ( she )3. Is this _ watch? (you) No, its not _ . ( I )4. _ is my brother. _ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are _. ( he )5、数量词我们学过两类:基数词和序数词。基数用于表示数量多少，而基数词用于表示次序，常在日期中出现。6、冠词有a、an、the。a和an有具体的意思，一(个)，the没有具体意思，有时翻译为这、那。确定用a、an还是the时可根据汉语意思。a和an的区别:an用于元音音素(一般就是元音字母aeiou)前，a用于辅音音素前。