新目标人教版八年级英语下册unit10全单元知识点总结归纳及练习(DOC 16页).doc

1、Unit 10 I ve had this bike for three years.课文重难点讲解Section A1. Ive had it for three years. 我拥有它三年了。【解析】for +一段时间 表示动作持续一段时间,用于现在完成时【 甘肃鸡西市1】 She_ her hometown for many years. No one nearly knows her. A. has been away from B. has left C. had left【 湖北十堰2】Ben is a foreign teacher. So far, he _ in Shiyan

2、 for five years. A. was teaching B. has taughtC. will teachD. taught2. Amy wants to keep her old things because they bring back sweet memories. 艾米想保留她的那些旧东西，因为它们能使她想起甜蜜的回忆。【解析1】keep （kept ; kept）保留keep 用法归纳如下： 一、用作系动词，意为“保持（某种状态）”，其后常接形容词作表语。 Please keep quiet / silent! 请保持安静！ 二、用作实义动词，. 保管；保存；保留 Pl

3、ease keep these things for me while I am away. . 赡养；饲养 I used to keep sheep in my childhood. 坚持；继续 接V-ing 形式作宾语。 If you keep practicing your spoken English, youll soon make great progress. 阻止；阻碍 keep sb/sth from doing sth 其中介词 from 不能省略。 The heavy rain didnt keep them from watching the football matc

4、h. 保持。其后常接复合宾语，表示使（某人或某物）保持某种状态或使某一动作继续。 keep + sb/sth + 介词。 If your hands are cold, keep them in your pockets. keep + sb/sth + 形容词。 These gloves will keep your hands warm. keep + sb/sth + V-ing ，“让某人 / 某物一直”，强调动作的持续性。 Im sorry Ive kept you waiting. 很抱歉，让你久等了。 【短语】 keep a record 保持记录， keep in touch

5、(with)保持与的联系 keep out (of) 把关在外面， keep up 保持；使不能入睡 keep ones / an eye on密切注视 keep away (from) 离开 keep in mind 牢记 keep ones word 遵守诺言【 山东济南3】 Could I _ your iPad, Alice? Of course. Here you are. A. lend B. keep C. borrow D. return【 贵州安顺2】“Did you borrow the comic book from the library?” “ Yes. I _ it

6、 for three days. Ill return it this afternoon. A. borrowed B. kept C. have borrowed D. have kept【解析2】 bring back (v+adv) 使回想起；使回忆起( ) Our excellent service _ our guests _ year after year. A. bring; down B. bring; back C. bring; in D. bring; up 3. You can also give old things away to people in need.

7、你也能捐赠旧东西给那些需要的人们。【解析】 in need 需要；需求【拓展】in danger 在危险中 in trouble在困境中 in silence 在沉默中 in good health 在好的健康状态中A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真情4. Because I dont read it anymore . 因为我不用再读了。【解析】no more ;not anymore/ no longer ;not. any longer不再 词语同义词用法no longernot any longer强调时间或动作“不再延续” , 与延续性

8、动词连用no more not any more强调数量和程度“不再增加” , 与非延续性动词连用 位置区别： 当修饰动词时，no longer通常置于be或行为动词前；no more一般置于行为动词后。 not. any longer与not. any more常置于句末。He can no longer walk. = He cant walk any longerThe little girl no more cried. = The little girl didnt cry any more.( ) It is late. We can not wait him _. A. any

9、more B. no more C. more5. Because Ive had it since I was a baby. 因为自从我很小的时候我就有它了。【解析】since 自从Since +从句（一般过去时），主句用现在完成时 He has studied very hard since he came to our school.【辨析】since 与for 在现在完成时态中的用法：since其后接时间点或时态为一般过去时的句子，表示某事是从什么时候开始的 Ive been a soldier since two years agofor其后接时间段，表示某事持续了多长时间Ive

10、been a soldier for two years.【2011天津】My grandmother _ a lot of changes in Tianjin since she came here. Asees B. can see C. will see D. has seen【2011贵州毕节】I _ many new friends since I came here Amake Bmade Cwill make Dhave made【 上海】_ have you been in the sports club? Since the first month I came to th

11、e school. A. How old B. How long C. How much D. How soon6. I have something for the kids, 我有一些孩子们的东西。【解析】for 给；为了介词for用法归纳用法1：(表目的)为了。They went out for a walk. 他们出去散步了。用法2：(表利益)为，为了。 What can I do for you? 你想要我什么？【 上海4】The chemicals in the vegetables and fruit are bad _ our health. A. from B. with C

12、 .of D. for【 牡丹江2】What did you get _ your mother _ Mothers Day? A beautiful card and a scarf. A. for; in B. for; on C. to; for【 江苏盐城4】It is reported that a lot of adults take lessons online _ further education. A. after B. to C. with D. for7. Ive had this magazine for a couple of months.我拥有这本杂志已经几个月

13、了。【解析】a couple of 几个；一些= a few 后接可数名词复数a couple of “一对” ,优指夫妻、情侣Ill be back in _days. (几天)8. The stories inside may be a bit old, but theyll still interesting. 里面的故事或许有点老，但它们仍然很有趣。【解析】a bit 稍微；有点儿a bit /a little辨析： a bit和a little在肯定句中, 修饰动词、形容词、副词和比较级,一点儿。 The speaker spoke up a bit/a little so as t

14、o make himself heard more clearly. 演讲者把嗓门提高了一点儿,以便使别人听得更清楚。 a little可以直接作定语修饰名词, a bit修饰名词，需后面加of构成短语 ,两者都只能修饰不可数名词 There is a little/a bit of food left for lunch. 午饭只能吃剩下的一点食品了。 9. And check out these soft toys and board games for younger kids.【解析】check out 查看；观察 check v检查【 浙江宁波】 Please _(检查)your t

15、est paper before you hand it in.【 安徽3】I will meet Jane at the station, Please_ what time she will arrive. A. count B. choose C. check D. catch【 天津】 Julie said she sent you a birthday card yesterday. Have you got it? Oh, really! I havent _ my mailbox yet. A. examined B. reviewed C. tested D. checked1

16、0. My children are growing up fast .我的孩子们成长的很快。【解析】grow up 成长 （常用于指人或动物）( ) When I grow up , I want to be a teacher. A. give up B. put up C. get older D. get younger11. So weve been clearing out a lot of things from our bedroom for a yard sale. 所以，我们正从卧室里清理出许多东西来办一场庭院拍卖会。【解析】clear out 清理；把清空clean up

17、 清理；使整洁Please clear out the cupboard. 12. Weve decided to each sell five things we no longer use. 我们已经决定每人卖出去五件我们不用的东西。【解析1】decide 决定decide v 决定-decision n 决定 (1)decide to do sth= make up ones mind to do sth 决定做某事 (2)make a decision 做决定 My mother has decided _(take) me to acting lessons. ( ) My brot

18、her makes up his mind to study medicine. A. decided B. needs C. decides D. has【四川南充】The classroom was so dirty . I decided _. A. clean it up B. to clean it up C. clean up it【 河北中考2】The children decide _ their school yard this Friday afternoon. A. clean B. to clean C. cleaning D. cleaned【解析2】no longe

19、r = not . any long 不再【在句中位置】no longer 位于助动词、情态动词或实意动词之后； not . any longer not 常与助动词或情态动词连用，any longer 位于句末。I no longer live in this city. = I dont live in this city any longer.【辨析】 no longer, not . any longer; no more , not. any more.词语同义词用法no longernot . any longer 强调时间或动作“不再延续” ，与延续动词连用no morenot

20、. any more强调数量和程度“不再增加” 与非延续动词连用He can no longer walk = He cant walk any longer.I have no more money to give you.= I dont have money to give you any more.13. For example , hes owned a train and railway set since his fourth birthday, and he played with it almost every week until he was about seven.例如

21、，从他四岁生日以来，就已经拥有了这列火车和铁轨的组合，大约七岁之前他几乎每周都要玩这个玩具。【解析】own 拥有own v 拥有owner n 物主of ones own 某人自己的 the owner of 的所有者Who is the _(own) of the bike?I want to see it with _(I) own eyes.14. And he didnt want to lose the toy monkey hes had since then, 并且他也不想失去自从他出生就拥有的那个玩具猴。【解析】lose (lost , lost) 失去 I hope we w

22、ont lose the competition.15. My daughter was more understanding , although she felt sad to part with certain toys.我女儿比较通情达理，尽管要失去某些玩具也让她感到难过。【解析1】part with 与分开；失去（尤指舍不得的东西） They were sorry to part with the old house.( ) She felt sad to part with her lovely dog. A. find B. lost C. lose D. found【解析2】c

23、ertain 某种； 某事；某人 （在句中只能做定语，常与不定代词a连用，可修饰单、复数名词） A certain person called on me yesterday. adj. 确实的，无疑的be certain of 对某事有把握 They are certain of success.be certain to do sth 肯定做某事 He is certain to come.be certain +that确信 Im certain that hell come.( ) He is certain _ to ninety. A. live B. of live C. to

24、live D. to living.16. As for me, I didnt want to give up my football shirts , but , to be honest , I havent played for a while now. 对于我来说，我不想放弃我的足球衫，但说实话，现在我有段时间没踢足球了。【解析1】as for 至于；关于 （后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语） As for computer, Im not telling you anything.( ) _ the doctors, the most beautiful teacher Zhang L

25、ili is out of danger. We wish her to live a healthy and happy life in the future. A. In front of B. Thanks to C. As for D. Across from【解析2】 to be honest = to tell (you) the truth老实说；说实话【拓展】honest adj. 诚实的（反）dishonest adj. 不诚实的an honest boy 一个诚实的男孩【注】honest 以元音音素开头，所以前面的定冠词要用an.He is a _(honest) boy.

26、 We all dont like him.She is an _(honest) girl. We all like her. Tom likes to tell lies, he is_(honest)( ) We should be honest to everyone . We shouldnt tell lies. A. dishonest B. true C. truth D. truthful【解析3】for a while 一会儿 Shelikestoliedownforawhileafterlunch.17. What will they do with the money

27、they raise from the sale? 他们要用卖东西筹集来的钱做什么？【解析】do with 处理；对付（某人或某物） deal with 处理 与how 连用 do with 处理 与what 连用do with “处理；安置”，强调处理的对象，常与what连用I dont know what to do with these letters.deal with “处理；应付”，强调处理的方式、方法，常与how连用He taught me how to deal with pressure.【2011玉溪】We cant decide what will happen in o

28、ur life, but we can decide how we will _it. A. agree with B. begin with C. deal with D. come up with( ) _ do you _ your broken watch? I am going to take it to the watchmakers . A. How; do with B. What; deal with C. How; deal with D. What; did withSection B- Self Check 1. We can often guess what a te

29、xt is about by using what we already know.我们通常可以用原有的知识来猜测一篇文章写的是什么。【解析】by的用法： (1)by doing sth 通过方式 by studying with a group【注】介词短语作方式状语，回答以How开头的问句， 表示“怎样做”。I study English by _(listen) to the tapesTom learns Chinese by _(watch) Chinese movies.( ) - _ did you get there? By _ a taxi. A. How; taking B

30、. How ; take C. How; took D. What; taking (2) by+ 交通工具（交通工具前不能加限定词） by bike by train【短语】by the way 顺便问一下 by accident= by chance 偶然地 by mistake 错误地 one by one 一个接一个 step by step 一步一步地 little by little 逐渐地by the time 到为止 by oneself 独自地 by and by 不久之后 by hand 用手 by the end of 到. 末尾（ ）The experts think

31、that Indias population may be than chinas .A. much; by B. more; in C. larger; by D. larger; on（ ）we usually have a rest noon. A. at B. in C. on D./( ) I go to school _ bus every morning.A. in B. on C. at D. by ( ) Lin Lin often practices English _ chatting with her American friend. A. in B. by C. fo

32、r D. with( ) I usually go to school _ bike. but sometimes I go to school _ foot. A. with; on B. on; by C. on ; with D. by; on【 贵州六盘水2】How do you learn English words? _ making flashcards. A. To B. By C. For D. With【 漳州中考】 _does your brother go to work? By bike. A. Where B. Why C. How 【 重庆1】You can im

33、prove your English _ practicing more. A. by B. with C. of D. in 2. However , others may only see it once or twice a year. 但是，其他的人或许一年只能看到一两次。【解析】once or twice 一两次 once = one time一次 twice= two times 两次 三次或三次以上用：“基数词+times” three times 三次 four times 四次 three or four times 三到四次 I chat with my friends o

34、nline_(一两次) a week.( ) Mr. Green usually watches TV twice a day. A. a lot B. a little C. two hours D. two times3.Nowadays , millions of Chinese leave the countryside to search for work in the cities. 如今，数百万的中国人离开农村到城市去寻找工作。【解析】search v 搜索；搜查 【记】research v研究，调查 search search for 寻找；搜寻 They searched f

35、or him.( ) Millions of students want to search for good jobs in big cities. A. reach for B. look for C. care for D. find for4. Among these is Zhong Wei a 46-year-old husband and father. 钟伟就是其中的一个人，他46岁，身为人夫和人父。【解析】 among prep在（其中）； .之一among 介词，表示在三个或三个以上的人或物之中The girl disappeared among the crowdbetw

36、een介词；表示两者之间between and I sit between Sue and Jane.【 天津2】The workers will build a new railroad _ the two cities. A. since B. between C. among D. during.【内蒙古包头2】His grade in the exam put him _ the top students in his class. A. between B. over C. among D. above5. He has lived in Wenzhou for the last 1

37、3 years. 他最近13年都生活在温州。【解析】last adj. 刚过去的；最后的 last time at last 最后 v 持续 （可以跟一段时间连用）6. I used to return home at least once a year, but I havent been back for almost three years now. 过去我至少一年回一次家，但是我差不多三年没有回去了。【解析1】return v 回；返回 He returned home yesterday.v 归还；放回 He returned her book【 山东济南】 Could I _ yo

38、ur iPad, Alice? Of course. Here you are. A. lend B. keep C. borrow D. return【解析2】be back 返回 （强调状态，若表示“回到某地” 则要在其后加介词to）We are all happy to be back to school after the long holiday.【短语】go back 走回来 get back 回去 come back 回来give back 归还 run back 跑回 look back 回顾【 山西中考】 Jack, I have to have a talk with yo

39、ur father today. Sorry, Mrs. King. He is going on business and wont be _ until next week. A. out B. away C. back 7. “Its a shame, but I just dont have the time.” he says. “说起来真惭愧，但是我实在没有时间，”他说。【解析】 shame n 羞耻；羞愧；惭愧Its a shame to do sth 做某事是可耻的 Its a shame to lie.【拓展】 在口语中常用“ Thats a shame! / Its a s

40、hame! /What a shame!” 真遗憾；多可惜啊 She has failed her test again. Thats a shame!( ) _! You are leaving a good job. A. What a shame B. How nice C. Have a good time D. Congratulations( ) What a pity! You missed the early bus. A. What a good luck B. What a shame C. Thats great【山东德州1】Oh, no ! Its raining .

41、We cant go skating on the square, _! A. What a shame B. Well done C. What a surprise D. How wonderful8. Many people like Zhong Wei regard with great interest how their hometowns have changed. 许多像钟伟那样的人视他们家乡发生了什么变化为最大的兴趣。 【解析】 regard 将认为，把视为regardwith 对持某种态度 regard as 把 当作 I regard you as my friend. ( ) Dont _ others _ fools! They know the truth of the matter. A. remember; to B. regard ; with C. take; for D. regard ; as9. “I noticed thats true of my hometown,” adds Zhong W