最新中考英语考试大纲知识点(DOC 11页).doc

1、精品文档一、日常交际用语简表1.问候 (Greetings)A. Hi! / Hello!你好！Good morning / afternoon / evening. 上午/下午/晚上好。 How are you?你好吗？How are you doing?你好吗？Please say hello to your parents.请代我向你父母问好。 Please give my love / best wishes to Lucy.请向露西致以我的爱/最美好的祝愿。B. Hi! / Hello!你好！Good morning / afternoon / evening. 上午/下午/晚上好。

2、 Im OK./ Fine, thanks, and you? / Very well, thank you. 我还行/很好，谢谢。你呢？/非常好，谢谢你。 Sure./ All right.一定。/ 好的。2. 介绍 (Introduction)A. My name is Jim.我的名字叫吉姆。Im a student/worker . 我是学生/工人。Im from England.我来自英格兰。This is Mr. / Mrs. / Miss / Ms Brown.这位是布朗先生/夫人/小姐。Id like you to meet Bob.我想让你见见包勃。 B. Hello!你好！

3、How do you do?你好。Nice / Glad / Pleased to meet /see you.很高兴见到你。3. 告别 (Farewells ) A. Good-bye / Bye / Bye-bye.再见/拜拜。Good night.晚安。See you later / then / tomorrow/ soon.回头见。I am sorry I have to go now.很抱歉我得走了。 B. Good-bye / Bye / Bye-bye.再见/拜拜。 See you later / then / tomorrow / soon.回头见。4. 打电话(Making

4、 telephone calls )AHello! May I speak to Tom?你好！可以叫汤姆接电话吗？Hello! Id like to speak to Mr. Green.你好！我想找格林先生听电话。Is that Liu Ying speaking?你是刘英吗？Extension six two two six, please.请接分机6226。Can I leave a message?我可以留个口信吗？Ill call back later / again.我过一会儿打过来。Ill ring him / her up again.我会再打给他（她）的。B. Hello!

5、 This is Mary speaking.你好！我是玛丽。Hello, who is this?你好，你是谁？Hold the line, please.请稍等（别挂电话）。Just a moment, please. 请稍等。Hello, whos speaking?你好，你是谁？Sorry. He / She isnt here right now.抱歉，他/她这会儿不在。Can I take a message?我可以捎个信吗？Sorry. I cant hear you.抱歉。我听不清楚The line is bad / busy.线路有坏了/忙。I couldnt get thr

6、ough.我无法接通。Sorry, Im afraid you have the wrong number.抱歉，恐怕你拨错号了。5. 感谢和应答 (Thanks and responses)A. Thank you (very much).非常感谢。Thanks a lot. 非常感谢。Thank you （Thanks）for your help.谢谢你的帮助。Its very kind / nice of you.你真实太好了。B. Not at all.别客气。（不用谢/没关系。）Its a pleasure.Thats OK / all right.不用谢/别客气/没关系。Youre

7、 welcome.不用谢。6. 祝愿、祝贺和应答 Wishes, congratulations and responses A. Have a good day / time!（祝你）玩得愉快！Have a good journey / trip! （祝你）旅途愉快！Good luck! （祝你）好运！Enjoy yourself! （祝你）玩得愉快！Best wishes to you.向你（致以）最好的祝愿！Happy New Year!新年快乐！Merry Christmas!圣诞快乐！Happy birthday!生日快乐！Congratulations!祝贺你！Well done!

8、干的好。B. Thank you.谢谢。You, too.你也一样。 The same to you.你也一样。7. 意愿 Intentions Ill go with you.我将和你一起去。Im going to see my head teacher this afternoon.今天下午我要去看我的班主任。Id like to make a phone call to her after class.我想课后的电话。I want / hope to find an English pen-friend.我想找一个英国笔友。I plan to go to Hangzhou this su

9、mmer.我打算今年夏天去杭州。I wont see the movie again.我再也不去看这部电影了。Im not going to buy the book.我不打算买那本书。I dont want to live in the big city.我不想住在大城市。8. 道歉和应答 Apologies and responses A. Sorry.对不起。Im sorry.我很抱歉。Excuse me, please.对不起。/打扰一下/劳驾。I beg your pardon.Im sorry for losing your book.很抱歉，我弄丢了你的书。Im sorry to

10、 interrupt you.很抱歉打断你（的话）了。Im sorry (that) Im late.很抱歉我迟到了。 B. Thats OK.没关系。Its all right.没关系。Never mind.不要紧/没关系。It doesnt matter.没关系。Its nothing.没什么。9. 遗憾和同情 Regrets and sympathy What a pity! 真遗憾！ Im so sorry!非常遗憾！Its a great pity!天大的遗憾！What a shame!真遗憾。Thats too bad!太糟糕了。Im so sorry about your ill

11、ness!对你的并我感到很难过。Im sorry to hear you are going away.听说你要离开了我很难过。Please accept my deep sympathy.请接受我深深的同情。10. 邀请和应答 Invitations and responses A. Would you like to go for a walk?去散步吗？You must come to dinner with us.你得和我们一起进餐。May I invite you to dinner?我可以邀请你吃饭吗？What / How about having a swim?去游泳怎么样？B.

12、 OK.好的 Thank you.谢谢。Id like that, thanks.我愿意，谢谢。Yes, Id love to.我非常愿意。That would be very nice.那样真是太好了。 No, thank you.不用，谢谢了。 Its very nice of you, but my mother is ill.真是太好了，但我的母亲病了。Id love to, but Im afraid I have no time.很愿意，但恐怕我没时间。 Im sorry I cant. What about another time?很抱歉我不能。改个时间怎么样？11. 提供 （

13、帮助等）和应答 Offers and responses A. Do you want me to clean the room?要我打扫房间。Can I help you?我可以帮你吗？Would you like me to help you?要我帮你吗？What can I do for you?我能为你做点什么？Let me take you bags.让我帮你拿包吧。B.Yes, please.好的，请。 Yes, thanks.要，谢谢。 Thank you. That would be nice / fine.谢谢你。那样太好了。 Thank you for your (the)

14、 help.谢谢你的帮助。No, thanks / thank you.不用，谢谢。 Thank you all the same.还是要谢谢你。 Thats very kind of you, but I can do it myself.你真是太好了，但我自己能对付。12. 请求允许和应答 Asking for permission and responses A. May I come in?我可以进来吗？Can / Could I use your telephone?用一下你的电话，好吗？Would / Do you mind if I open the window?我想打开窗子，

15、你不介意吧？B. Yes, (do)please.好的，请。 Certainly.当然可以。 All right.好吧。 Of course, you can.当然可以。 Im sorry, its not allowed.很抱歉，不允许。 Im afraid not.恐怕不行。 Youd better not.最好不.。13. 表示同意和不同意 Expressing agreement and disagreement A. Certainly / Sure / Of course. 当然可以。 Yes, please. 好的，请。 Yes, I think so. 是的，我认为是那样。 T

16、hats true. 是真的。 All right / OK. 好吧。 Thats a good idea. 好主意。 I agree （with you）.我同意。 All right.好的。No problem.没问题。B. No, I dont think so. 不，我认为不.。 Im afraid not. 恐怕不是。 I really cant agree with you.我真不能同意你的看法。No way. 不行。Of course not.当然不。I dont agree.我不同意。14. 表示肯定和不肯定 Expressing certainty and uncertain

17、ty Im sure of that.我肯定。Im (quite) sure (that) shell join us.我保证她会加入到我们中间。Im not so sure.我不太确定。Im not sure of that.我不敢保证。Im not sure whether / if she can come.我不确定她是否能来。Maybe youre right.也许你是对的。Perhaps she is at home now.也许她现在在家。Its hard to say.很难说。15. 喜好和厌恶 Likes and dislikes This book is very inter

18、esting.这本书非常有趣。 I like / love the movie (very much).我非常喜欢这部电影。 I like taking photos.我喜欢拍照。 I enjoy listening to music.我喜欢听音乐。 Im interested in science.我对科学感兴趣。 He is fond of music.他喜欢音乐。This song is bad / awful.这首歌太糟糕了。 I dont like the movie very much / at all.我一点也不/非常不喜欢这部电影。 I dont enjoy collectin

19、g stamps.我不喜欢集邮。I hate to do homework.我讨厌做家庭作业。16. 谈论天气 Talking about the weather A. Whats the weather like today?今天天气如何？Hows the weather in Beijing?北京的天气怎么样？What a cold / hot day today!今天好冷/热啊！Its a nice / fine / beautiful / horrible day today.今天天气真好/糟糕。B. Its sunny / cloudy / windy / rainy / snowy

20、 / foggy.天气晴朗/多云/多风/多雨/多雪/多雾。Its getting cool / cold / warm / hot.天气变凉/冷/暖和/热了。Its rather warm / cold / hot / etc. today, isnt it? 今天更暖和/冷/热，是吗？17. 购物 Shopping A. Can / May I help you?我可以帮你吗？What can I do for you?我能为你做点什么？How many / much would you like?你想要多少？What colour / size / kind would you like?

21、你想要什么颜色？What about this one?这个怎么样？Here your change.给你的零钱/找数。B. I want / Id like a pair of shoes.我想要一双鞋。How much is it / are they?多少钱？May I try it on?我可以试穿一下吗？Its too big / small.太大/小了。Sorry, its too expensive.抱歉，太贵了。Thats too much / expensive, Im afraid.我恐怕太贵了吧。Do you have any other colours / size /

22、 kinds?你们有别的颜色/尺寸/品种吗？Two and a half kilos / pounds, please.两公斤/磅半。Thats fine. Ill take it.很好，我买了。Just have a look.只是看看。Well, Ill think about it.好吧，我考虑考虑。18. 问路和应答 Asking the way and responses A. Excuse me. Wheres the washroom?劳驾，请问洗手间在哪儿？Can you tell me how to get to the post office?你能告诉我到邮局怎么走吗？Ex

23、cuse me. Which bus goes to World Park?请问哪班车到世界公园？Excuse me. Which is the way to the Bank of China?请问哪条路到中国银行？Excuse me. Could you tell me the way to the station, please?请问到车站的路怎么走？How can I get to No.4 Middle school?我怎么才能到四中？B. Its over there.在那边。 Its about 400 metres from here.离这儿大约400米。Go down thi

24、s street until you see the tall red building.沿着这条街走一直到你看见一座高大的红色建筑物。Turn right / left at the first / second crossing / corner.在第一/二个十字路口/拐角处向右/左转。 You cant miss it.你不会错过的。 You can take bus No. 103.你可以乘103路公共汽车。 Youd better take a taxi.你最好乘出租车。 Sorry. I dont know. Im a stranger here.抱歉。我不知道。我刚来这里。19.

25、 问时间或日期和应答 Asking the time or date and responses （1）时刻和日期A. What day is（it）today? 今天星期几？Whats the date today? 今天是几月几号？What time is it? 几点了？Whats the time, please? 请问几点了？When did you come to China?什么时候到的中国？What time do you get up every day?你每天几点起床？B. Its Monday / Tuesday, etc. 星期一/二.。 Its January 10t

26、h. 一月10日。Its five oclock / half past five / a quarter to five / five thirty, twenty to nine, etc. 五点/五点半/五点差一刻/五点半/九点差二十分。 Its time for. 是该做.的时候了。I came to China in 1998.我1998年到的中国。I get up at 6 oclock.我6点起床。（2）时间段A.How long have you been in this school?你来这所学校多久了？How long does it take you to get to

27、school?你到学校要话多少时间？When did you live in Beijing?你什么时候居住在北京？How long have you been ill?你病了多久了？ B.I have been in this school for three years.我来这所学校3年了。It takes me twenty minutes by bike.我骑自行车要用20分钟。I lived in Beijing from 1996 to 1999.我从1996年至1999年住在北京。I have been ill since last Monday night.我从上周一开始生病。

28、（3）时间频率A. How often do you go to movies?你多久看一次电影？B. I go to the movie once a week.我每周看一次电影。I often go to movies.我经常看电影。（4）时间顺序A.What did you do next?你接下来干什么？B. Finally we found our way out.最后我们找到了出路。It rained even harder later on.后来雨下得更猛了。20. 请求 Requests A. May I have.? 我可以.吗？May I come in?我可以进来吗？Ca

29、n / Could I use your telephone?我可以用一下你的电话吗？Would / Do you mind if I open the window?你不介意我开窗吧？Can / Could you.for me? 你能为我.吗？Will / Would you please.?请你.好吗？B. Yes, please.好的，请。Certainly.当然可以。All right.好的。Of course, you can.当然可以。 Im sorry, its not allowed.抱歉，不允许。 Im afraid not.恐怕不行。 Youd better not.最好

30、别。 Please give / pass me. 请给/递给我. Please wait （here / a moment）. 我等会儿。 Please wait （for）your turn. 请等你的轮子。 Please stand in line / line up. 请排队。 Please hurry.请快点。21. 劝告和建议 Advice and suggestions （1）劝告 (Advice)Youd better go to see the doctor.你最好去看医生。You should listen to and read English every day.你应该

31、每天听读英语。You need to buy a Chinese-English dictionary.你有必要买一本汉英词典。Dont rush / hurry / push.别跑/推。Please stand in a line.请排队。（2）建议 (Suggestions) Shall we go to the zoo on Sunday?咱们星期天去动物园好吗？Lets go and have a look.咱们去看看。What / How about a picnic this Sunday?这个星期天去野餐怎么样？Why dont you buy a computer?干吗不买台电

32、脑？Why not go to a movie?为什么不去看电影？22. 禁止和警告 Prohibition and warnings You cant / mustnt play football on the road. 不能在马路上踢足球。If you spend too much time on playing computer games, youll fail the exam.如果你花太多的时间玩电子游戏，你会通不过考试的。Take care! 当心！Be careful! 当心！No smoking!禁止吸烟！No spitting!不能随地吐痰！Wet floor!地板是湿的

33、！Look out!当心！Dont touch!请勿触摸！Its dangerous!有危险！Dont forget your raincoat.别忘了带雨衣！Remember to lock the door.别忘了锁门！Mind your head / step!小心碰头/地滑！23. 表示感情 Expressing certain emotions （1）高兴 (Happiness)How wonderful / nice!真精彩/好极了。Thats lovely / great / wonderful!太好了/棒极了。Im so happy.我太高兴了。Its well done.干得

34、好。Im glad / pleased / happy to know that.知道这个我太高兴了。（2）惊奇 (Surprise)Really?真的吗？Oh dear!哦，天哪！Is that so?是吗？What a surprise!太让人吃惊了！How nice to see you!看到你真高兴！How surprising! 太让人吃惊了！Im surprised.我太意外了。Does that surprise you?那件事让你吃惊了吗？（3）忧虑 (Worries)Whats wrong?怎么啦？Whats the matter?出什么事啦？Anything wrong?有

35、什么问题吗？Im / Hes / Shes worried. Oh, what shall I / we do?我/他/她很担忧，我/我们该怎么办？ What should we do?我们该怎么办？Are you worried about your health?你担心你的健康吗？（4）安慰 (Reassurance)There, there.好了，好了。（没事，没事。）Dont be afraid.别怕。Dont worry.别担心。Its (quite) all right.还好。Itll be OK / all right.还好。（5）满意 (Satisfaction)Good!好的

36、。Well done!干得好。Perfect!太好了。Thats fine. 太好了。Thats better.更好了。Thats good enough.够好了。Im pleased with your spoken English.我对你的口语非常满意。（6）恐惧 (Fear)Help!救命啊！How terrible!太可怕了！Im afraid of that dog.我怕那只狗。Im frightened.我太恐惧了。24. 就餐 Taking meals A. Would you like something to eat / drink?来点吃的/喝的吗？What would y

37、ou like (to have)?来点什么？Would you like some more fish?再来点鱼吗？Help yourself to some fish.随便吃些鱼吧。 B. Yes, Id like a drink.好的，来点饮料吧。 Id like rice and chicken.来点米饭和鸡肉。 Just a little, please.就一点儿。 Can I have some more soup?我可以再来点汤吗？ Its so delicious. Thank you.太可口了，谢谢。 I like green tea.我喜欢绿茶。 No, thank you

38、. Ive had enough.不要了，谢谢。我吃饱了。Im full, thank you. 我吃饱了，谢谢。25. 约会 Making appointments A. Are you free this afternoon / evening?你今天下午/晚上有空吗？Will you be free tomorrow?你明天有空吗？Do you have time this afternoon?你今天下午有时间吗？ How about tomorrow morning?明天上午如何？ When / Where shall we meet?我们什么时候见面？ Could we meet a

39、t 4:30?咱们四点半见面可以吗？Lets make it 4:30.咱们四点半见面。B. Yes, Ill be free then.行，我那时有空了。 All right. See you then.好的。再见。 Im afraid I have no time then.恐怕我没有时间。 Sorry, I wont be free then. But Ill be free tomorrow.抱歉，我没空。但明天我没事。 26. 传递信息 Passing on a message Will you please give this note / message to.? 请你捎个便条/

40、口信给.好吗？asked me to give you this note. .叫我捎这个便条给你。Thanks for the message. 谢谢你捎口信给我。27. 看病 Seeing the doctor A. Whats the matter?怎么啦？What seems to be the trouble?哪儿不舒服了？Do you have a fever?你发烧吗？How long have you felt like this?你这样有多久了？Its nothing serious.没什么严重的。Take this medicine three times a day.这种

41、药一天服三次。Youll be all right / well soon.你很快会好起来的。 B. I have a headache / cough / fever.我头痛/咳嗽/发烧。I feel terrible / bad / horrible / awful.我感觉非常难受。I dont feel well.我感觉不舒服。Ive got a pain here.我这儿疼。It hurts here. / This place hurts.这儿受伤了。I cant sleep well.我睡不好。Theres something wrong with my teeth.我的牙齿出问题

42、了。 28. 求助 Calling for help A. Help! 帮帮我！ Can you help me?你能帮帮我吗？B. Whats the matter? 怎么了？29. 语言困难Pardon?再说一遍好吗？I beg your pardon?请你再说一遍好吗？I dont understand.我不明白。Sorry, I cant follow you.抱歉，我跟不上。Please say that again / more slowly. 请你再说一遍/说慢点。What do you mean by.?你说.是什么意思？Can you speak more slowly, p

43、lease?你能说慢点吗？How do you say in English?.用英语怎么说？I dont know how to say that in English.我不知道那个用英语怎么说？I dont know the word in English.我不知道这个单词在英语里是什么意思。How do you spell it, please?请问怎样拼写？Im sorry I only know a little English.对不起，我只知道一点儿英语。30. 常见的标志和说明 Some common signs and instructions BUSINESS HOURS正在

44、营业（营业时间）FRAGILE（小心轻放）OFFICE HOURS正在办公（办公时间）THIS SIDE UP 这面朝上OPEN（打）开 MENU 菜单 CLOSED关着的NO SMOKING 禁止吸烟 PULL拉 PUSH推NO PARKING 禁止停车NO PHOTOS 禁止拍照ON开OFF关PLAY 播放 STOP 停止 PAUSE暂停ENTRANCE入口 EXIT出口DANGER!有危险 INSTRUCTIONS说明（注意/须知）四、语法项目表（加“”号的项目只要求理解）1. 词类：1）名词 2）形容词 3）副词 4）动词 5）代词 6）冠词 7）数词 8）介词 9）连词 10）感叹词 2. 构词法：1）合成法 classroom, something, reading-room 2）派生法 worker, drawing, quickly, careful, kindness, cloudy, unhappy 3）转化法 hand （n.）hand （v.） dry （adj.）dry （v.） 3. 名词 1）可数名词和不可数名词 2）名词的复数 3）专有名词 4）所有格 4. 代词