高三英语语法填空专题复习课件.ppt

1、准备好：做好学案，积累本，双色笔，准备好：做好学案，积累本，双色笔，词典词典 Learning Aims:1.To master the methods and techniques to fill in the blanks.2.To improve the ability of analyzing the sentence structure.3.To apply the grammar to practice freely4.To enjoy the pleasure of learning English 一、高考大纲要求一、高考大纲要求语法填空题考纲要求：语法填空题考纲要求：共共10

2、 小题，每小题小题，每小题1.5分。在一篇约分。在一篇约200词左词左右的语言材料中留出右的语言材料中留出10 个空白，部分空白的个空白，部分空白的后面给出单词的基本形式，要求考生根据上后面给出单词的基本形式，要求考生根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容（不多于三个单下文填写空白处所需的内容（不多于三个单词）或所提供单词的正确形式本部分所需时词）或所提供单词的正确形式本部分所需时间约为间约为10分钟。分钟。二、【语法填空命题特点语法填空命题特点】1.1.语法和词汇（考试重点）；上下文连贯性（语境）。语法和词汇（考试重点）；上下文连贯性（语境）。语语法填空题的出题特点：提示性填空题和自由填空两大类法填

3、空题的出题特点：提示性填空题和自由填空两大类。提示性填空主要考察动词（包括时态、语态和非谓语。提示性填空主要考察动词（包括时态、语态和非谓语动词）、形容词和副词（包括形容词和副词之间词性转动词）、形容词和副词（包括形容词和副词之间词性转换和词形转化以及比较级和最高级的变化）以及名词（换和词形转化以及比较级和最高级的变化）以及名词（比较少，但是曾有词性转换方面的题出现）。而自由填比较少，但是曾有词性转换方面的题出现）。而自由填空主要集中在冠词（和名词相生相依）、代词、介词、空主要集中在冠词（和名词相生相依）、代词、介词、连词。连词。2.2.语法填空涉及到的语法项目：语法填空涉及到的语法项目：1

4、1名词名词2 2代词代词3 3数词数词4 4介词和介词短语介词和介词短语5 5形容词形容词6 6副词副词7 7冠词冠词8.8.动词（时态、语态、非谓语动词）动词（时态、语态、非谓语动词）9 9构词法构词法1010主谓一致主谓一致1111连词（并列句、主从句、并列复合句）连词（并列句、主从句、并列复合句）1212句子成分句子成分 13.13.句子种类句子种类1414省略省略1515倒装倒装16.16.强调强调17.17.虚拟语气虚拟语气18.18.特殊句式特殊句式1919情态动词情态动词三、【语法填空解题方法语法填空解题方法】（一）（一）有提示词填空的做题方法有提示词填空的做题方法1.动词动词（

5、1）如果所给词是动词，首先判断该动词在句中充当谓语还是非谓语。空格前如果是比较复杂动名词、不定式或者主语从句，要注意主谓一致，此外要根据上下文判断句子的时态和语态。China _(spend)a lot of money on such research over the past years.As the program shows,working with the family,rather than bypassing the parents,_(be)the most effective way of helping children get off to the best possi

6、ble start in life.Cupboards in her kitchen _(fill)with things that she didnt need at all.The Chinese language,as a whole,_(use)the same set of character,but even the same characters can have different pronunciations.has spentiswere filleduses（2）如果句子不缺谓语，而所给词又是动词，如果能排除是词形转换题的话，那么这个空一定是非谓语动词。要清楚的知道非谓语

7、动词包括动词不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词以及他们的被动式和完成式等。同时要记住动词不定式在句子中可以充当除了谓语之外的所有句子成分，多数情况下，动词不定式表示动作还未发生；动名词可以在句子中做主语、宾语、表语和定语；现在分词和过去分词做定语、状语、补语和表语。同时，现在分词通常表示动作正在进行，和逻辑主语是主谓关系，而过去分词表示动作已完成或者和逻辑主语是动宾关系。There are many positive developments _(associate)with the internet He placed the boxes _(fill)with toys into the

8、basement.The Chinese scientist Tu You you also discovered artemisinin（青蒿素）,a drug sharply reduced the death rates for patients _(suffer)from malaria（疟疾）.Campbell _(bear)in Ireland and Japanese Omura won half of the prize for a new drug，which has helped the battle against river blindness，as well as s

9、howing powerful effect against other diseases.associated filledsufferingborn（3）基本知识掌握后，还要关注上下文中提供的关键词来判断是 哪种非谓语动词形式，比如watch,see,notice,hear等词，那么有doing 和do 两种情况，现在分词和过去分词的判定比不定式和动名词要难，但是，只要记住固定句式结构之外就是要找准动词和逻辑主语之间的关系，尤其是主句之前或者之后出现了逗号这种情况，尤其要引起注意。如She let me choose my sleep medicine,_(make)sure that I

10、 was okay.As we started to go out,I turned around and saw them all _(watch)us.Another tradition is to have their photographs _(take).（4）词性及词形变化）词性及词形变化The cards often included an _(invite)to the ceremony.makingwatchingtakeninvitation2.形容词和副词形容词和副词第一第一，要确切的知道，形容词在句子中充当的句子成分和所处位置。a.形容词形容词可以放在名词前面做定语做定

11、语；b.形容词形容词可以在系动词后面作表语作表语；c.形容词可以放在宾语后做宾语补足语做宾语补足语。副词副词在句子中所充当的句子成分和所处的位置。a.副词放在动词的前后做动词状语动词状语；b.副词放在形容词前做形容词形容词的状语；c.副词放在副词在副词前面做状语。His teacher took a deep drink,smiled _(warm),and thanked his student very much for the sweet water.The Chinese scientist Tu Youyou also discovered artemisinin（青蒿素）,a dr

12、ug_(sharp)reduced the death rates for patients suffering from malaria（疟疾）.warmlysharply第二，要明确形容词和副词之间的词性和词形转换第二，要明确形容词和副词之间的词性和词形转换。根据前文，学生能够判断句子却的是形容词还是副词之后，根据上下文逻辑结构和句子意思，通过加减前后缀的办法把题目做正确过加减前后缀的办法把题目做正确。His teacher took a deep drink,smiled _(warm),and thanked his student very much for the sweet wa

13、ter.We drank together and talked _(merry)till far into the night.There was so much _(warm)in each hug.She said to the reporters that the idea of helping somebodys child go to college gave her much _(please).A government study has found that South Korea children are the least happy compared to childr

14、en in 29 other developed countries.Many South Koreas owe this _(unhappy)to the educational pressure.Do not carry too much money or _(necessary)credit cards.warmlymerrilywarmthpleasureunhappinessunnecessary第三，注意形容词和副词的比较级别第三，注意形容词和副词的比较级别，同级比较用as.as.和not so.as.,其中要加形容词副词的原级。用形容词和副词取决于前面的动词是系动词还是实意动词；

15、比较级有比较连词than或者根据上下文判断有隐性的比较；最高级前面有标志性的词最高级前面有标志性的词the或者或者修饰比较级常用词修饰比较级常用词much/even/far/by far/a bit/a little/a lot/a great deal/no/或序数词或序数词A government study has found that South Korea children are the _(little)happy compared to children in 29 other developed countries.People in Northern Europe are

16、much _(luck).Cook is a lot _(easy)for us than most of us think.leastluckiereasier3.名词名词 名词在语法填空中出现的几率比较低，但是名词却是做自由填空的一个非常重要的参照物。名词在名词在提示性填空部分，最可能出现的题就是动词转化成提示性填空部分，最可能出现的题就是动词转化成名词这种形式。名词这种形式。但必须明确名词的特点。单数可数名词前面必须有三类修饰限定词：a.必须有a/an,the；b.必须有形容词性的物主代词；c.必须有指示代词this或者that以及不定代词。三者是必有其一，互不兼容。不可数名词最显著的特

17、点就是不能与a/an连用，但是英语中要注意一词多义的情况。These two _(discover)provide humankind with a new way to fight these disease that affect hundreds of millions of people annually.The cards often included an _(invite)to the ceremony.My _(appoint)was at five and I still had twenty minutes.Dont wait for an _(apologize).dis

18、coveriesInvitation appointmentapology（二）无提示词填空题的做题方法二）无提示词填空题的做题方法1.介词介词介词包括表时间、方位、方式的介词on，in，at，with，by，through等。介词最大的特点可以和动词、形容词等构成固定短动词、形容词等构成固定短语语，通常都是介词在后，再就是和名词构成固定短语，尤其是要注意是否加冠词的情况。同时，要清楚介词后通常都是加名词、介词后通常都是加名词、代词（宾格、名词性物主代词、反身代词）、动名词和宾语从句代词（宾格、名词性物主代词、反身代词）、动名词和宾语从句等。等。.The young man went home

19、 _ a happy heart.When Jane got home,with her small but well-chosen present in her bag,her parents were already _table having supper.I cried _ a loud voice,which made several people stare at me.The imaginary character does not only appeal _ females.Finally ,try to see things _ the other persons persp

20、ective.withatintofrom2.连词连词 连词的考查包括的内容比较宽泛，主要区分开两大部分，连词的考查包括的内容比较宽泛，主要区分开两大部分，即并列句和复合句即并列句和复合句。这是做连词题的关键。并列句是由两个或两个以上的简单句句用并列连词连在一起构成的句子，其基本结构是“简单句简单句+并列连词并列连词+简单句简单句”。并列句中的各简单句意义同等重要，相互之间没有从属关系，是平行并列的关系。它们之间用连词连结。包括表转折的连词转折的连词but，while；表并列的连词and，or；表因果的连词因果的连词because，so等等。He was very tired after do

21、ing this for a whole day,_he felt very happy since the crop did“grow”higher.I dont remember what I told him that night,_I do remember I heard Tom apologizing to Dad for burning the toast.There were many people waiting at the bus stop,_some of them looked very anxious.butbutand 从属复合句由一个主句（Principal C

22、lause)和一个或一个以上的从句(Subordinate Clause)构成。用疑问词作引导词，主句是全句的主体，通常可以独立存在；从句则是一个句子成分，不能独立存在。从句不能单独成句，但它也有主语部分和谓语部分，就像一个句子一样。所不同在于，从句须由一个关联词（connective）引导。主从复合句包括形容词性从句（主从复合句包括形容词性从句（The Attributive Clause）；副词性从句（）；副词性从句（The Adverbial Clause）；名词性从）；名词性从句（句（The Noun Clause）三大类）三大类。When I turned around,I saw

23、a red car like my own come out of the street _I parked.Campbell born in Ireland and Japanese Omura won half of the prize for a new drug，_ has helped the battle against river blindness，as well as showing powerful effect against other diseases.If you miss this chance,it may be years_ you get another o

24、ne.The next day,my brother and I went to the beach _we watched some people play volleyball.Reading her biography,I was lost in admiration for _Doris had achieved in literature.wherewhichbeforewherewhat3.冠词冠词 冠词的用法主要和名词连在一起，根据上下文进行判断是用定冠词还是不定冠词，还要注意首字母是元音还是辅音因素 如 an hour/an honor/an honest man 。含有冠词的

25、固定搭配 如all of a sudden,in a hurry,take an interest in,have a good knowledge of,have a good understanding of The prize winning is _honor for Chinas science cause and traditional Chinese medicine.Today the internet is playing _ important and essential role in our life.Make sure that as you read,you mak

26、e _ quick note of what happens in each chapter.A government study has found that South Korea children are _ least happy compared to children in 29 other developed countries.You are mistaken if you think all Chinese people speak in _same way.ananathethe4.代词代词 在语法填空里，考查比较多的有物主代词（形容词性物主代词物主代词（形容词性物主代词和

27、名词性物主代词）和不定代词，反身代词。和名词性物主代词）和不定代词，反身代词。Hongbao seems to be on everyones lips these days，_ origins are rooted in history.In fact,micro blog _(oneself)is of little harm.To save class time,our teacher has _(we)students do half the exercise in class and complete the other half for our homework.（三）特殊句式：倒

28、装句；强调句；省略句；感叹句;祈使句及固定句型的考查。It is your attitude towards it _ matters.Children,when accompanied by their parents,are allowed to enter the stadium._ strange a plant!_(call)me tomorrow and Ill let you know the lab result.itsitselfusthatHowCall Only when the war was over _the young soldier return to his

29、hometown.It has bee five years _ I came to Canada to study English.（四）上下文逻辑（四）上下文逻辑 For one thing,it can provide a colorful platform to shoe their talent.For _,it is a useful way to release their pressuredidsinceanother YangShuo,China（2015 新课标新课标1）It was raining lightly when I_(arrive)in Yangshuo ju

30、st before dawn.But I didnt care.A few hours_,Id been at home in Hong Kong,with _(it)choking smog.Here,the air was clean and fresh,even with the rain.Id skipped nearby Guilin,a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River_ _are pictured by artists in so

31、 many Chinese _(painting).Instead,I d head straight for Yangshuo.For those who fly to Guilin,its only an hour away _car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city.Yangshuo _(be)really beautiful.A study of travelers_(conduct)by the website Trip Advisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 des

32、tinations in the world.And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia.Abercrombie&Kent,a travel company in Hong Kong,says it_(regular)arranges quick getaways here for people_(live)in Shanghai and Hong Kong.arrivedbefore/earlieritsthat/whichpaintingsbyisconductedregula

33、rlyliving2015 新课标新课标1考点考点1.动词:谓语动词:（时态）一般过去/一般现在 非谓语动词:过去/现在分词做后置定语 2.从属连词：定语从句3.介词（固定搭配）4.名词复数5.形容词与副词的转化6.代词（形容词性物主代词）7.间接引语 （2015.新课标新课标11）The adobe dwellings(土坯房）_(build)by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even _ most modern of architects and engineers.In addition to t

34、heir simple beauty,what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their _(able)to“air condition”a house without _（use）electric equipment.Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat_（slow）during cool nights，thus warning the house.When a new day breaks,the walls h

35、ave given up their heat and are now cold enough _(cool)the house during the hot day:_ the same time,they warm up again for the night This cycle _(go)day after day:The walls warm up During the day and cool off during the night and thus always a timely offset（抵消）for the outside temperatures.As _(natur

36、e)architects,the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly _thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.builttheabilityusingslowlyto cool atgoesnaturalhow2015 新课标新课标11考点考点1.动词:谓语动词:（时态）一般现在 非谓语动词:过去分词做后置定语2.名词3.形容词4.副词5.介词6.冠词7.连词（宾语从句）8.固定搭配跟踪练习Passage 1（2014新课标1）1.was 2.actuall

37、y 3.the 4.or 5 to reduce6.cleaner 7.which/that 8.amazing 9.changes 10.patient Passage 2(2014 广东高考）1.it 2.earlier3.were told 4.but 5.why 6.for 7.surprisingly 8.the 9.where 10.sunburnt/sunburnedReflection 思考使人更加睿智、更有方向思考使人更加睿智、更有方向 What did you learn from this class?I say.You say.We say.语法项目考查方式规律总结动词

38、名词形容词和副词数词介词代词冠词 连词特殊句式逻辑谓语动词（时态语态语气）；非谓语动词（谓语动词（时态语态语气）；非谓语动词（v-ed；v-ing；to do)；系动词；助动词；情态动词；系动词；助动词；情态动词名词的格；名词的数名词的格；名词的数形容词和副词的比较级最高级；形容词与副词的形容词和副词的比较级最高级；形容词与副词的相互转化相互转化序数词介词与动词形容词的固定搭配；介词介词与动词形容词的固定搭配；介词+doing物主代词（形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词）和不定代词，反身物主代词（形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词）和不定代词，反身代词代词元音因素元音因素an;固定搭配固定搭配并列连词；从属连词并列连词；从属连词倒装句；强调句；省略句；感叹句倒装句；强调句；省略句；感叹句;祈使句祈使句上下文语境上下文语境 1.1.熟记不规则动词的过去熟记不规则动词的过去式过去分词现在分词的式过去分词现在分词的变化规则。变化规则。2.2.形容词，副词的比较级形容词，副词的比较级最高级变化规则。最高级变化规则。