初中英语阅读理解之猜词技巧复习进程课件.ppt

1、阅读技能训练阅读技能训练 猜测词义猜测词义How to guess the How to guess the meaning of words?meaning of words?A French student goes to London for his holiday.He knows a little English,but he cant speak it very well.One day he goes to a restaurant.He wants to have some eggs,but he cant remember the English word for“egg”.

2、He looks around and sees a picture of a hen.He shows the picture to the waiter.“What do you call her children?”he asks.“Chicks,sir.”“And what do you call chicks before theyre born?”“Eggs,sir.”“Very well,”says the French student.“Give me two eggs and a cup of tea,please”.If you meet the new words whe

3、n reading,what will you do?Pay no attention and continue reading.Look them up in the dictionary.GuessGuess the meaning.the meaning.阅读理解题目的设置方式阅读理解题目的设置方式理解词句含义型理解词句含义型 考查内容多为名词、动词、词组甚至句子。英语中很多单词考查内容多为名词、动词、词组甚至句子。英语中很多单词和词组在不同的语言环境中有着不同的内涵，掌握大量单词和习和词组在不同的语言环境中有着不同的内涵，掌握大量单词和习语是重要的，但语言是活的东西，做这类题时，考生应

4、尽可能通语是重要的，但语言是活的东西，做这类题时，考生应尽可能通过上下文猜测词义，即利用所熟悉的词或短语和上下文已知的部过上下文猜测词义，即利用所熟悉的词或短语和上下文已知的部分来进行合理推理，有时还需要依据常识和经验。分来进行合理推理，有时还需要依据常识和经验。（1 1）The word“”in the passage probably means_.The word“”in the passage probably means_.（2 2）The underlined word“”in the passage refers The underlined word“”in the passa

5、ge refers to _.to _.（3 3）In the story the underlined word“”means_.In the story the underlined word“”means_.（4 4）Here“”means_.Here“”means_.（5 5）The expression/phrase“”means_.The expression/phrase“”means_.（6 6）The word“”is close in meaning to _.The word“”is close in meaning to _.1.I will not make frie

6、nds with a dishonest person.2.When the little boy finished,his father was speechless.3.If some athletes use drugs,it is unfair to the others.一一 根据构词法猜词根据构词法猜词 首先要熟悉基本的构词法及其规律首先要熟悉基本的构词法及其规律,其其次要掌握一定的词根和词缀。如次要掌握一定的词根和词缀。如:un-,im-,mis-,-less,-ness等。等。小小结结dis+honestspeech+less 说不出话的说不出话的un+fair利用构词法进行猜

7、测利用构词法进行猜测根据单词的前缀与后缀进行猜词。如根据单词的前缀与后缀进行猜词。如，care(care(小小心心)careful()careful(小心的小心的)carefully()carefully(小心地小心地););write(write(写写)rewrite()rewrite(改写改写)。un-;dis-;-less:;mis-:;re-:-ern:-er,-or,-ist:;2.根据根据“合成词合成词”猜测。猜测。如如school+bag schoolbag down+stairs downstairs不无错误再,重复,重新表方向表示人The ways of guessing t

8、he new words in context:1.It will be very hard but also very brittle that is,it will break easily.2.The purpose of the campaign was to catch “ringers”,students who take tests for other students.3.A calendar is a list of the days,weeks,months of a particular year.二二 根据释义猜词根据释义猜词 释义常由定语从句或由释义常由定语从句或由i

9、s,or,that is(to say),in other words,be called，be known as等词汇或破折号来表示。等词汇或破折号来表示。小小结结脆脆的的冒名替考者冒名替考者日历日历 He replied quickly,but after he considered the problem more carefully,he regretted having made such a hasty decision.2.Your ideas are so nebulous that they are not clear to me.小小结结 and,or,such as,li

10、ke,for example,for instance常连接同义词组常连接同义词组。匆忙的匆忙的 不清楚的不清楚的 四四 根据对比和转折关根据对比和转折关系系1.Although the early morning had been very cool,the noonday sun was tropical.2.He had been getting better but during the night his condition deteriorated.表转折关系的词常有表转折关系的词常有but,while,however,instead of,rather than,unlike,y

11、et,though 等。等。小结小结热的热的恶化恶化1.The clock is so accurate that it will never lose a second in more than 200 million years.2.All his attempts to unlock the door was futile,because she was using the wrong key.徒劳的，无效的徒劳的，无效的五五 根据因果关系猜词根据因果关系猜词精确的精确的小小结结常用关联词如常用关联词如:because，as，since，for，so，as a result,等表示前因后

12、果。等表示前因后果。六六 根据生活常识或经验根据生活常识或经验 1.In the old days,when girls from rich families were married to their husbands,they expected to bring with themselves plenty of dowry.2.But sometimes,no rain falls for a long,long time.Then there will be a drought.3.The snake slithered through the grass.嫁妆嫁妆旱灾旱灾爬行爬行,滑

13、行滑行生活生活常识常识对比对比转折转折因果因果关系关系同义词同义词构词法构词法定义定义上下文上下文How to guess the meaning of words?Lets try!1.Yet,shopkeepers may have to spend extra hours to deal with problems,such as shoplifters,who always take away things from the shop without paying for them.2.The 2.The herdsmanherdsman,who looks after,who looks after sheep,earns about 650 yuan a year.sheep,earns about 650 yuan a year.3.Jane is warm-hearted,she likes to help others.冒充顾客在商店行窃的人冒充顾客在商店行窃的人牧羊人牧羊人热心的热心的