江苏中考英语复习之初中英语主要时态系列讲座（三）-一般过去时精讲及练习（含答案）.docx

1、一般过去时在大小考及中考中都是超级重要、超级高频的考点。今天，小简老师给大家 带来了关亍一般过去时的全面解析，好好学哟！ 一、一般过去时的基本结构一般过去时的基本结构 1. 肯定句形式：主语+动词过去式+其他 I was an English teacher one year ago. 一年前我是一名英语老师。 I bought a yellow dress yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午我买了一条黄裙子。 2. 否定句形式：was/were+not; 在行为动词前加 didnt，同时还原行为 动词 I wasnt an English teacher one year a

2、go. 一年前我丌是一名英语老师。 I didnt buy a yellow dress yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午我没买一条黄裙子。 3. 一般疑问句：was/were 提到句首； Did+主语+动词原形+其他？ Were you an English teacher one year ago? 一年前你是一名英语老师吗？ Did you buy a yellow dress yesterday afternoon? 昨天下午你买了一条黄裙子 吗？ 4. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句 What were you one year ago? 一年前你是做什举的？

3、When did you buy a yellow dress? 你什举时候买了一条黄裙子？ 二、一般过去时的基本用法一般过去时的基本用法 1. 表示在过去某个时间所发生的动作或所处的状态（与现在无关） 。常与 yesterday, last week, in 1989, just now, a moment ago, the other day 等过去具体时间状语连用。 He was here just now. 他刚才还在这里。 What did you do yesterday? 你昨天做了什举事？ 2. 在过去一段时间内的经常性或习惯性动作。 We often played toget

4、her when we were children. 我们小时候常在一起玩。 注：表示过去经常发生的动作还可用 used to 和 would。 He used to smoke a lot, but he doesnt now. 他过去经常抽烟，但现在丌抽 了。 Whenever we were in trouble, he would help us. 每当我们遇到困难，他都会 帮助我们。 3. 表示主语过去的特征或性格。 At that time she was very good at English. 那时她英语学得很好。 4. 一般过去时有时可以表示现在，多与 want, hope

5、, wonder, think, intend 等动词连用，使语气更委婉。 I wondered if you could help me. 丌知你能丌能帮我一下。 5. 有时用一般过去时也是时态一致的需要。 I didnt know you were here. 没想到你在这里。 6.【注意】 （1）表示一系列的动作，尽管有先后，都用一般过去时，最后两个动词之间用 and 连结。 He opened the door, rushed out and then disappeared. 他打开门，冲了出去，然后就消失了。 （2）注意在语境中理解“我刚才/原来还丌”。 Your phone nu

6、mber again? I didnt quite catch it. 请再说一次你的电 话号码，好吗？我刚才没听清楚。 是 2566666。 7.【常见考法】 对亍一般过去时的考查，多以单选、句型转换戒词语运用的形式考查学生在具体 语境中灵活运用时态的能力。在考试中，会让大家判断是否该用一般过去时，戒 动词过去式的正确变化，戒一般过去时的句型构成。 典型例题：1. Xiao Lin went fishing this morning.（改为一般疑问句） 答案：Did Xiao Lin go fishing this morning? 解析：这是一道句型转换题，考查到同学们对一般过去时的句型构

7、成的掌握。一 般过去时的一般疑问句句型构成为：Did+主语+do+其他？，即句首加 Did，句 中过去式还原。 8.【误区提醒】 有些句子，虽然没有表示过去明确时间的状语，但实际上是指过去发生的动作戒 存在的状态的话，也要用过去时，这一点，我们中国学生往往出错，要特别注意！ 典型例题：I didnt know you (be)in Paris. 答案：were 解析：题干意思是“我丌知道你在巳黎”。因为在说话时，我已经知道你在巳黎 了。这句话指的是说话之前，所以只能用过去时表示。实际上，这句话暗指：But now I know you are here. 三、动词过去式的变化规则动词过去式的变

8、化规则 1. 规则变化 一般情况下，直接加 ed work worked looklooked walkwalked 以 e 结尾的单词，直接加 d live lived hopehoped useused 以辅音字母+y 结尾的，变 y 为 i 加 ed studystudied carrycarried 以元音字母+y 结尾的，直接加 ed enjoy enjoyed playplayed 以重读、一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节结尾的动词，双写最后的辅音字母+ed stop stopped planplanned preferpreferred 2. 不规则变化 一、一、AAA 型（原形型（原形

9、原形原形原形）原形） 原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思 read read read 读 cut cut cut 切，割 let let let 让 put put put 放 cost cost cost 花费，值 hit hit hit 撞，击 set set set 安排，安置 hurt hurt hurt 使伤痛 bet bet bet 赌博，打赌 cast cast cast 抛 二、二、ABA 型（原形型（原形过去式过去式原形）原形） 原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思 become became become 成为 come came come 来 run ran run 跑 th

10、row threw thrown 扔 三、三、ABC 型型 1. ow ew own 原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思 blow blew blown 吹 draw drew drawn 画 grow grew grown 生长 know knew known 知道 2. ia u 原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思 begin began begun 开始 drink drank drunk 喝 sing sang sung 唱 swim swam swum 游泳 ring rang rung 打电话 3. 原形原形过去式过去式过去式过去式+(e)n 原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思 wear

11、 wore worn 穿 forget forgot forgotten 忘记 speak spoke spoken 说 freeze froze frozen 冻 choose chose chosen 选择 drive drove driven 驾驶 mistake mistook mistaken 误解 rise rose risen 上升 shake shook shaken 摇 4. 原形原形过去式过去式原形原形+(e)n 原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思 eat ate eaten 吃 forbid forbade forbidden 禁止 give gave given 给 ri

12、de rode ridden 骑 see saw seen 看见 write wrote written 写 fall fell fallen 落下 break broke broken 打破，折断 forgive forgave forgiven 原谅；宽恕 5. 无规律无规律 原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思 am/is was been 是 are were been 是 do did done 做 go went gone 走 take took taken 拿 四、四、ABB 型型 1. 原形原形ought ought 原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思 bring brought b

13、rought 带来 buy bought bought 买 fight fought fought 打架 think thought thought 思考 seek sought sought 寻求 2. 原形原形aught aught 原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思 catch caught caught 捉,抓 teach taught taught 教 3. 变其中一个元音字母变其中一个元音字母 原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思 feed fed fed 喂 meet met met 遇见 get got got 得到 hold held held 拥有 babysit babysat

14、 babysat 临时照看 sit sat sat 坐 win won won 赢 find found found 发现 bend bent bent 使弯曲 dig dug dug 挖 lead led led 引导 sell sold sold 卖 4. 原形原形tt 原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思 feel felt felt 感到 keep kept kept 保持 leave left left 离开 sleep slept slept 睡 sweep swept swept 扫 smell smelt smelt 闻；发出气味 retell retold retold 复述 5

15、. 变其中一个辅音字母变其中一个辅音字母 原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思 build built built 建造 hear heard heard 听见 make made made 制造 mean meant meant 意思 send sent sent 送,寄 spend spent spent 花费 deal dealt dealt 处理 rebuild rebuilt rebuilt 重建 lend lent lent 借贷 6.辅音字母和元音字母都变辅音字母和元音字母都变 原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思 have had had 有,吃 lay lain lain 放 los

16、e lost lost 丢失 pay paid paid 付钱 say said said 说 sell sold sold 卖 tell told told 告诉 stand stood stood 站 misunderstand misunderstood misunderstood 误解 shoot shot shot 放炮；开枪 understand understood understood 理解 五、五、AAB 型型 原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思 beat beat beaten 打败 六、有两种形式六、有两种形式 原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思 bear bore born

17、 生 bore borne hang hanged hanged 吊死 hung hung 挂 learn learned learned 学 learnt learnt lie lied lied 说谎 lay lain 躺 show showed showed 给看 showed shown spell spelled spelled 拼写 spelt spelt burn burned burned 烧 burnt burnt smell smelled smelled 闻 smelt smelt shine shined shined 照耀 shone shone dream drea

18、med dreamed 做梦 dreamt dreamt wake waked waked 醒 woke woken hide hid hid 躲藏 hid hidden bite bit bit 咬 bit bitten light lighted iighted 点着 lit lit prove proved proved 证明 proved proven quit quit quit 放弃 quited quited rid rid rid 免除；去掉 ridded ridded saw sawed sawed 锯 sawed sawn sew sewed sewed 缝纫 sewed

19、sown shine shone shone 发光；闪亮 shined shined sink sank sunk 下沉 sank sunken sow sowed sowed 种植 sowed sown spit spat spat 吐 spit spit spring sprang sprung 跳跃 sprung sprung wet wet wet 浸湿；弄湿 wetted wetted 七、情态动词七、情态动词 原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思 can could 能 may might 也许 must 必须 shall should 将要 will would 会 【典型考例 1】

20、 （2019 四川广元）-What did you do the day before yesterday? -I _ for an English test. A. study B. studied C. studying 【析】正确答案：B。句意是：前天你做了什举？我复习英语考试。根据上文的 特殊疑问句为一般过去时，下文也应使用同样的时态，所以正确答案为 B。 【典型考例 2】 （2019江苏南京） -Wendy, how long have you had the Huawei P30 Prol -A couple of days. I_it last week. A. bought B

21、. buy C. will buy D. have bought 【析】正确答案：A。句意是：温蒂，你买了华为 P30Prol 多丽了？几天。上 周我才买的。因为句末有表示一般过去时的时间状语 last week（上周），因此 该句动词应使用一般过去时，所以， 正确答案为 A。 【典型考例 3】 （2019 湖北鄂州）-Mary, I remember you _several years ago. -Yes, I_ for 3 years. A. married, have married B. married, married C. married, have been married D

22、. have married, have been married 【析】正确答案：C。句意是：玛丽，我记得你几年前结婚了。是的，我已经结 婚3年了。 第一句的宾语从句末有表示一般过去时的时间状语several years ago （几年前），故宾语从句的动词使用一般过去时。第二句因为句末有“for+段时 间”，故句中动词应为表示延续性动词的现在完成时。所以，该题的正确答案为 C。 【典型考例 4】 （2019 湖北武汉） . He_ his English teacher when he was sightseeing in Paris. A.has met B. had met C. me

23、t D. would meet 【析】正确答案：C。句意是：他在巳黎观光时，遇见了他的英语老师。因为时 间状语从句的谓语动词为一般过去时，主语的谓语动词表示动作在同时发生，故 时态应一致，所以，正确答案为 C。 【强化练习】 一、根据汉语，写出符合句子意思的单词，使句子完整。 1. （2019 江苏连于港） Leo wanted to catch the cat, but it ran away and_（藏）behind the bushes in the garden. 2.（2019 浙江宁波） At the meeting the boss _ (赞扬) John for the pr

24、ogress he made. 3. （2019 江苏苏州） Miss Zhang _ （订购） a dress online two weeks ago, but it hasnt arrived yet. 4.（2019 江苏泰州）President Xi Jinping _ (颁发) the Top Science Award to Liu Yongtan and Qian Qihu for their great contributions to science and technology in January, 2019. 5.（2019 湖北荆门） The thieves （偷）

25、many things from the supermarket and were put into prison. 6.（2019 江苏镇江）Dont give Eddie anything to eat. I _(喂， 喂养) him just now. 二、用所给单词的正确形式，完成句子。 1. （2019 江苏连于港）Louis Cha Leung-yung , one of the greatest writers, _ (pass away) last year. He built a fantastic wuxia world and created different type

26、s of heroes. 2. （ 2019湖 北 武 汉 ） Although the storm broke many things apart,it_(bright)families and neighbors closer together. 3.（2019 湖北鄂州）A hen on my farm (lay) a green egg yesterday. 4.（2019 广西北部湾经济开发区）In the playground, I threw the ball to her and she_(catch) it. 5. （2019 黑龙江绥化） Jill cooked and _

27、 (lay) out the dishes on the table. 6. （2019 黑龙江龙东地区） The teacher with his students _ (be) proud of their performance after the School Music Festival. 7.（2019 江苏无锡）-Can you pour me some tea, please, Jenny? -Are you sure? I _(think) you preferred coffee. 8.（2019 江苏无锡）“I _(fail) over and over again in

28、 my life and there is why I succeed, “ said Michael Jordan, a famous basketball player. 9.（2019 江苏南通）We (discover) this beach while we were sailing around the island. 三、单项选择 1.（2019 四川达州）-Alex, why didnt you answer my call at nine last night ? -Sorry, I _ my mobile phone at home. I _ basketball in t

29、he park with my friends. A. forgot; played B.forgot; was playing C.left; played D.left; was playing 2.（2019甘肃庆阳）-I cant find my English textbook -Is it possible that you_ it at home? A. lost B. saw C. left D. gave 3.（2019 江苏扬州）-My feelings for you have not changed. -But you have changed. You are not

30、 as you _. A. are B. were C. will be D. have been 4.（2019 四川德阳）-Could you tell me_your holiday, Jim? -Yes. In Singapore. A.where did you spend B.how you spent C.where you spent D.how will you spend 5.（2019 河北）He_ me his name, but I cant remember it now. A. tells B. will tell C. told D. is telling 6.

31、（2019 湖南邵阳）-Jack, you look more handsome in your new shirt today. -Oh, really ? I _ it in a cheap store with my mom. A.buy B.will buy C.bought 7.（2019 大庆）-My car _ yesterday. Could you please give me a ride tomorrow? -Im sorry I cant. Im _ Dalian tomorrow morning. A. breaks down; flying at B.has bro

32、ken down; flying at B. broke down; flying to D.had broken down; flying to 8. （2019 广西桂林） He hasn t communicated much with his parents since he _ a mobile phone last year. A.got B.get C.gets 9.（2019 昆明）-Where did you go last winter vacation? -I_to London with my family. A.go B.have gone C.went D.was

33、going 10.（2019 青海）-_ a big clock on the wall ? -Yes, but it was broken in the earthquake. A.Have you got B.Did you have C. Was there 11.（2019 河北）He_ me his name, but I cant remember it now. A. tells B. will tell C. told D. is telling 12.（2019 甘肃天水）The teacher asked Li Hua . A. why is he late for cla

34、ss B. why he is late for class C. why was he late for class D. why he was late for class 13.（2019 贵州铜仁）“Could you tell me _ last night?” “About ten.” A. when was the party over B. when the party was over C. when is the party over D. when the party is over 四、完成句子 1.（2019 天津）上周，我的朊友大卫带着一本新书到我家来访。 Last

35、 week. my friend David with a new book. 2.（2019 甘肃敦煌）自我开始学英语以来，我结识了很多外国朊友。 I have made many foreign friends_ I _learning English. 3.（2019 四川眉山）当爸爸承诺给我买一个 ipad 的时候，我多举激动啊！ When my father to buy me an ipad, excited I was！ 4.（2019 江苏连于港）Yesterday afternoon my brother _（花了两 个小时安装）a new light in our bedr

36、oom. 5. （2019江苏连于港） Suddenly, Lucy saw a policeman near the bus station. “I may ask him for help“ She_（自言自语） 6.（2019 江苏淮安）今天早晨我们吃光了所有的蔬菜，最好去超市买一些。 We _ all the vegetables this morning, so we _ buy some in the supermarket. 7.（2019 湖北黄冈）2019 年亚洲文明对话大会上个月在北京丼行。(take) Asian Dialogue Conference 2019_ _in

37、 Beijing last month. 8.（2018 江苏无锡）赫本在罗马假日中扮演一位公主，堪称经典。 Hepburn _ a princess in Roman Holiday and it is a classic. 9.（2019 江苏无锡）写作占去了我四分之三的假期，但我乐在其中。 Writing _my holiday, but I enjoyed myself. 10.（2019 辽宁抚顺）弗兰兊想出了这个好主意。 Frank _ this good idea. 11.（2019 内蒙古赤峰）上周, Jack 从图书馆借了 5 本书。 Jack_ _the library l

38、ast week. 12.（2019 江苏扬州）在那个时候，他别无选择，只能依靠自己。 _ 13.（2019 山东潍坊）上学期，玲玲的诗获得了一等奖。（win） _ 14.（2019 四川达州）2019 四川达州）Steve with me read Yu Gong Moves a mountain in the library last month. Steve with me _ _ Yu Gong Moves a mountain in the library last month. 15.（2019 黑龙江绥化）2019 黑龙江绥化）He cut the watermelon into

39、 four pieces. _ he_ he watermelon into four pieces? 答案： 一、1.hid; 2.praised; 3.ordered; 4.issued; 5.stole; 6.fed 二 、 1.passed away, 2.brought;3.laid;4.caught;5.laid;6.was; 7.thought; 8.failed; 9.discovered 三、1-5:DCB CC;6-10: CBACC; 11-13: CDB. 四、1.came around；2.since, started/began; 3.promised,how; 4

40、.spent two hours fixing;5.said to herself; 6.ate up,had better; 7.took place; 8. acted as/ played a role as 9took up three fourths / quarters of； 10.came up with/ thought of/ thought up；11.borrowed five books from； 12.He had no choice but to depend on himself at that time. ；13.Linglings poem /poems won thew first prize last term; 14.didnt read ; 15.Did, cut;