小学英语复习资料完整版(DOC 12页).doc
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1、小学英语复习资料一、 可数名词与不可数名词: 不可数名词(本身不能表示复数,常为物质名词或抽象名词),如:milk、meat、 coffee、rice、cheese、soup、bread、hair、fruit、time、Chinese、English、Japanese 单数(如:book、box、boy)单数可数名词可以在它前面用a/an.如: 可数名词 a book一本书 an eraser一个铅笔檫 an English book一本英语书 an American boy一个美国男孩 an apple/orange一颗苹果/桔子 an eye/ear一只眼睛/耳朵 an old docto
2、r an uncle an E-mail(a用在辅音之前,an用在元音之前)复数(特殊的:man- men woman -women policeman- policemen child -children foot- feet this- these that- those)二、 名词复数的构成形式1、+sbook books pen pens 2、以s、x、ch、sh结尾+es watchwatches busbuses boxboxes dressdresses classclasses peachpeaches3、以辅音字母+y结尾的名词,变“y”为“i”再加esstorystorie
3、s familyfamilies partyparties countrycountries babybabies ( boyboys daydays)4、以f或fe结尾的名词,一般将f或fe变为v再加esknife knives half halves leaf leaves wife wives5、以“o”结尾的名词+s或es(以辅音+o+es,以元音+o+s)(photo photos ) zoo zoos tomato tomatoes mango mangoes6、不规则变化child children foot feet tooth teeth policeman policeme
4、n this these that those7、单复数一样Chinese sheep fish Japanese8、本身表复数People five people(五个人)三、主要人称代词、物主代词的基本用法。1、人称代词的数与格:数格人称单数复数主格宾格主格宾格第一人称I我me我we我们us我们第二人称you你you你you你们you你们第三人称he他him他他们他们she她her她they她们them 她们it它it它它们它们2、物主代词:表示所有关系,分名词性物主代词和形容词性物主代词。数格人称形容词性物主代词单数复数第一人称my我的our我们的第二人称your你的your你们的第三人
5、称his他的他们的her她的their她们的its它的它们的四、表示时间、地点、方位介词的用法:1、介词at的用法:A:用在几点钟之前。 eg:Mr Liu gets up at six oclock.B:在“night”前用at。eg:The monkeys are tired at night.C:表示空间,在. eg:Lets meet at the bus stop at five oclock.D:表示地点:at home at school at the bus stop.2、介词in的用法:A:in the moming/afternoon/evening.B: “in”在里面。
6、in the garden in the box.C: “in”是用的意思,eg:in English in Chinese3、介词on的用法A:在时期几前,在星期几的上午、下午、晚上前用on。eg:Lets go to the zoo on Sunday. on Monday monning. B:在之上,on the box. on the desk. On the tree.4、介词under的用法:“under”在之下,eg:on/under the box. My ball is under the box.5、about大约,差不多;We have breakfast at abo
7、ut seven every moming. 我们每天早上大约7点钟吃早点。6、near 在附近。7、of的 teacher o f English the capital of Beijing五、英语简单句的基本形式和表意功能。eg:Whatsthis/that(in English)? Its a/anWhat color is it? ItsWho is this/that/she/he? He/She/It/This/That/isYou/They/We are ImWhats the time?/What time is it? Its five oclock.There is/ar
8、e表示存在,指“在什么地方有什么”where are you? ImWhere ate you from? We are/Im fromHow many girls/boys/ I like English.She/He likes English. She/He/It doesnt like bananas.Do you/they/we like English?Yes,I/they/we/you do.(No,I/they/we/you dont)Does she/he like apples? Yes,she/he does. (No,she/he doesent)He/She/It/T
9、his/That is You/They/We are(not) Im(not) There is/are(not) Is/Are there?六、第三人称单数作主语时谓语动词加“s”的用法,其规则变化与名词复数一样。a.一般加“s”。likelikes comecomes b.谓语动词是以“o、s、x、ch、sh”结尾的加“es”。gogoes dodoes c.谓语动词是以“辅音字母+y”结尾的先变“y”为“i”,再加“es”。eg: fly-fliesd.少数动词第三人称单数特殊变化:be-is have-haseg:1.Everyone is in the classroom. 2.I
10、ts time for class. 3.My farther has breakfast at home every morning. 4.Its time to go to school.七、定冠词与不定冠词的用法:定冠词“the”是特指谈话人双方都知道的“某人、某物、某事”。例如:The book is on the desk. 前面提到过的人或事。例1、He has two冠词 children:a boy and a girl.The boys name is Sam.The girls name is Amy. 例2、I have a pen.The pen is in my pe
11、nceil case.不定冠词“a”“an”用在单数名词之前,表示的数量是“一个”,a用在辅音音素之前,an用在元音音素之前,eg:an egg an apple.八、数词的基本用法:基本基数词:1.one 2.two 3.three 4.four 5.five 6.six 7.seven 8.eight 9.nine 10.ten基本序数词:first=1st second=2nd third=3rd fourth=4th fifth=5th sixth=6th seventh=7th eighth=8th ninth=9th tenth=10th九、some any的用法:1、它们既可修饰
12、可数名词也可修饰不可数名词。2、some用于陈述句肯定句中;any用于陈述句的否定句中和一般疑问句中。eg:There is some milk in the glass.There are some flowers on the desk.There isnt any milk in the glass.Are there any flowers on the desk? Yes,there areNo,there arent(any).3、some用于委婉语气问句中。eg:Would you like some coffee? Yes,please./No,thanks,Id like.十
13、、功能:(1) 问候 告别 感谢 致歉 介绍 请求等交际功能的基本表达形式。1、 问候:初次见面问好:A:How do you do?你好吗? B:How do you do?你好吗?2、已相识见面问候:A:How are you?你好吗?B:Im fine.thank you.and you?/Fine,thanks,and you?我很好,谢谢你。你好吗?C:Im fine,too.我也很好。3、早上见面问候:A:Good morning! 早上好? B:Goodmorning! 早上好?4、下午见面问好: A: Good afternoon! 下午好! B :Good afternoon
14、! 下午好!5、晚上见面问好:A:Good evening! 晚上好! B:Good evening! 晚上好!6、(1)很高兴见到你:A:Nice/Glad to meet you. B: Nice/Glad to meet you.(2)告别:1、A:Good-bye/Bye/Bye-bye!再见! B:Good-bye/Bye/Bye-bye!再见!2、A:Good night! 晚安! B:Good night!晚安!3、A:See you tomorrow/later!明天见! B:See you tomorrow/later!明天见!4、A:See you!再见! B:See yo
15、u! 再见!(3)表示感谢:1、A:Thank you (very much)/Thanks.谢谢。B:Thats all right./Thats OK.不用谢。2、A: Thank you (very much)/Thanks.非常感谢。B:Youre welcome.不客气。(4)表示歉意:1、A:Im sorry.非常抱歉。 B: Thats all right./Thats OK.没关系。2、A:Sorry.对不起。 B:Thats all right./Thats OK. 没关系。(5)询问别人: 1、A:Whats your name?你叫什么名字? B:My names 我叫2
16、、A:Where are you from?你来自哪儿?B:Im from 我来自3、A:Whos this?这是谁? B:This is Mr/Ms/Miss这是先生/小姐4、A:How do you do? 你好吗? B: How do you do? 你好吗?5、A:Nice/Glad to meet you.见到你很高兴。B:Nice/Glad to meet you, too见到你也很高兴。(6)请求:1、A:May I come in?我可以进来吗?B:Yes,please.请进。或Sorry,you cant对不起,你不能进来。2、A:Can/Could I use your p
17、en?我可以借一下你的钢笔吗?B:Yes,please./Yes,you can是的,可以。或 Here you are.给你。或Sorry,you cant对不起,你不能。3、A:Can I help you?我能帮助你吗?B:Yes,please./No,thanks.是的,可以。/不,谢谢。(7)介绍:My name is Im Im from This is Mr/Ms/Miss十一、话题:理解与表达有关下列话题的简单信息:颜色、家庭、数字、时间。1、颜色A:What color is it?B:Its red/yellow/blue/white/green/black/pink/pu
18、rple2、家庭A:Good morning! B: Good morning! A:Whats your name? B:My names And this is my father(爸爸) A:Whos that? B:Shes my mother(妈妈)A:Nice to meet you. B: Nice to meet you,too.3、数字A:How old are you? B:Im seven.A:What class are you in? B:Im in Class Three,Grade Six.A:Whatsyour phone number? B:Its765432
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